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Boundary Waters Canoe Area

Paddle million-acre wilderness.

The Boundary Waters Canoe Area Wilderness is America’s premier canoe destination. It is also one of the most accessible wilderness areas in the United States, and where Wilderness Inquiry began operating in the 1970s. Over one million acres in size, the Boundary Waters covers much of the Superior National Forest in northeastern Minnesota. Paddle among towering pines in the home of moose, lynx, wolves, and bald eagles.

Every Wilderness Inquiry trip ensures your adventure is the best it can be. Decades of experience in combination with top notch food and gear make Wilderness Inquiry BWCA trips an exceptional value. Our classic 5-day Boundary Waters Canoe Area Paddle Adventure is the quintessential guided canoe trip . Paddle lightweight Wenonah kevlar canoes and camp in beautiful lakeside campsites. The Boundary Waters lodge based adventure is based out of stunning Wintergreen Lodge on White Iron Lake. From here, you’ll enjoy excellent BWCA day trips off the Kawishiwi River or the Fernberg Trail, returning to delicious meals, a glass of wine, and a comfortable bed at night. The Boundary Waters Family Canoe and Hike trip is geared for families and based at a Forest Service campsite, allowing us to do day trips in smaller groups into the Wilderness. Our Boundary Waters Winter Adventure  changes it up for winter fun at Camp Menogyn on West Bearskin Lake. You will love dogsledding, skiing, and seeing the Wilderness dressed in its winter clothes.

Whatever Boundary Waters trip you choose, we know you will enjoy this iconic wilderness area and come to understand why it is beloved by so many.

View by Itinerary

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Boundary Waters Canoe Area Paddle Adventure

Boundary Waters Base Camp Adventure

Boundary Waters Canoe Area Expedition

Boundary Waters Lodge-Based Adventure

Boundary Waters Family Canoe and Hike

Boundary Waters Lodge-Based Reader’s Retreat with William Kent Krueger

Boundary Waters Winter Adventure

About the area.

In 1964, Congress designated the BWCA as one of the first federally protected wilderness areas in the United States as part of the National Wilderness Preservation System. The BWCA, the northern third of Superior National Forest, lies on the international border between northern Minnesota and the Province of Ontario, Canada. Together, with the adjoining 1.2 million-acre Quetico Provincial Park on the Ontario side of the border, this international wilderness complex forms an unparalleled lakeland complex of 2.3 million acres, an area larger than Yellowstone.

Sculpted by glaciation, the area is part of the Canadian Shield, a geological formation that comprises portions of the earth’s most ancient exposed rock, some of which is 3 billion years old! The Boundary Waters contains about 1,175 lakes in all, creating a maze of interconnected wilderness waterways to explore. Whether you paddle one of the larger border lakes – Saganaga, Knife, Basswood, Crooked, Lac La Croix – or one of the smaller more intimate lakes, you’ll experience an undeveloped wilderness that appears much the same as it has for hundreds of years. Each lake brings its own distinct personality and you may find you and your canoeing partners each have a different favorite.

Two types of forests, the Boreal and Laurentian forests, converge to create a unique ecosystem with diverse plant and animal life in the Boundary Waters. Animals that would not normally be seen together, such as the white-tailed deer and the moose, have made the BWCA their homes. Many birds, such as bald eagles & loons, and over 20 species of wood warblers, use the Boundary Waters as their nesting grounds. Anglers can test their skills against the area’s lake trout, walleye, northern pike, or small and largemouth bass.

Humans have left their mark on the Boundary Waters as well. Native peoples inhabited the Boundary Waters area for thousands of years, with some human relics dating back to 10,000 BC. The Anishinabe (sometimes called Ojibwe, or Chippewa) and Dakota (Sioux) used the intricate waterways of the BWCA for hundreds of years. Native peoples first used many of the campsites and portages (paths between lakes) still used today. Artifacts from that period can still be found on occasion. European fur traders and missionaries first came into the area in the early 1700s. A working relationship developed between the European fur traders and the Ojibwe, based on trade of European goods for native knowledge and furs. This partnership ended in the mid 19th century due to the declining interest in furs as fashion.

Fur trading and logging of the Boundary Waters began taking its toll on the fragile ecosystem. People decided to act, setting aside this pristine area and working to protect it from further harm. In 1909, President Teddy Roosevelt established the Superior National Forest, with 1,000 square miles of roadless land (the precursor to the BWCA) later set aside in 1926 as the nation’s second administratively-established wilderness. The 1964 Wilderness Act designated the Boundary Waters as an original unit of the National Wilderness Preservation System, but with some compromises that allowed logging and motorboats to continue there. Congress passed additional protections for the BWCA in 1978, and expanded the area to its current borders and size of 1.1 million acres. The controversy surrounding this Congressional effort for the Boundary Waters also led to the establishment of Wilderness Inquiry; WI began by taking canoe trips in the BWCA and continues doing so to this day.

The Boundary Waters is one of National Geographic Traveler magazine’s “50 Places of a Lifetime.” Situated within Superior National Forest  in northeastern Minnesota, the  Boundary Waters Canoe Area Wilderness is a vast preserve of lakes and woods that stretches for about 100 miles along the U.S. border with Canada. Spread within the Boundary Waters are over 1,500 miles of canoe routes over more than 1,000 lakes, rivers and streams linked by trails called “portages.”

Due to strict permitting and non-motorized status the wilderness is yours to explore without people or vehicles. These factors contribute to the serenity of the area creating the perfect location for canoeing.

Camping for families

The wilderness is and ideal setting for families. Without the noise of daily life expect to learn more about yourselves and each other. The Boundary Waters Family Canoe and Hike trip is geared for families and based at a Forest Service campsite, allowing us to do day trips in smaller groups into the Wilderness.

Adventurers 

Our classic 5-day Boundary Waters Canoe Area Paddle Adventure is the quintessential guided canoe trip for adventurers of all ability levels. Our experienced guides will teach you basic paddle strokes, the art of portaging a canoe, and can help you find a new appreciation for the great Northwoods.

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• Plan A Canoe Trip
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Guided Trips

Guided boundary waters canoe trips and tours, ely mn.

Looking for the best experience the Boundary Waters has to offer? Take one of our wilderness guides along. Their knowledge and passion are contagious. They’ll help you get the most out of your wilderness adventure and teach you the skills necessary for future Boundary Waters trips.

Whether you are planning on a day trip, short overnight trip, or a longer adventure, our guides are available to accommodate your needs. We are flexible and fully customizable.  See all our exciting trip options below. 

Contact Drew, Adam, or Tim Barton with questions:

Guided Camping Trips

Personalized guided canoe camping trip. Bring your family and friends for the adventure of a lifetime.

Guided Day Trips

Spend the day in the BWCAW with one of our expert guides. See the sights and enjoy the wilderness. Don’t forget your camera.

Guided Group Trips

Sign up for one of our themed guided trips. Meet new friends from all over the country and enjoy this wonderful wilderness.

Guided Fishing Trips

Looking for lunkers? Bring one of our expert guides along for the fishing experience of a lifetime. Day trips and overnight trips available.

The Boundary Waters: The Complete Guide

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Located along the U.S.-Canadian border between Minnesota and Ontario, the Boundary Waters have been a popular destination for explorers, adventurers, and active travelers for decades. Spread out over more than a million acres of wilderness, this region is made up of dense forests, sprawling lakes, and a spiderweb of interconnecting rivers and streams. For anyone looking to get away from it all, this is a place where you can leave the trappings of civilization behind and immerse yourself in nature that has remained largely untouched by man for centuries.

History of the Boundary Waters

Carved by glaciers more than 10,000 years ago, the Boundary Waters are made up of striking landscapes that feature rolling hills, broad valleys, and seemingly endless forests. Its countless waterways form a natural border between the U.S. and Canada, flowing eastward towards Lake Superior. These waterways were often used by early explorers and fur traders who helped open North America during the 17th and 18th century.

When referring to the Boundary Waters, most people associate it with the Boundary Waters Canoe Area Wilderness , a large protected area that was established in 1964 as part of the US. National Park system . In reality, the broader Boundary Waters region is made up of several subsections which also include Superior National Forest, Voyageurs National Park  and  Grand Portage National Monument on the American side of the border, and Quetico and La Verendrye provincial parks in Canada. Collectively, each of these areas makes up the Boundary Waters, creating a massive outdoor playground for those adventurous enough to experience it all.

How to Get There

Located in the far north of Minnesota, just reaching the Boundary Waters can be a bit of an adventure. Those traveling by plane will likely fly into Minneapolis or possibly Duluth, but even then a long car ride is required to reach this beautiful wilderness. You'll need to budget five to six hours of drive time from Minneapolis or two to three hours from Duluth. That drive is a scenic one however, quickly leaving urban settings behind in favor of the dense Northwoods. Sharp eyed travelers may even be able to spot deer, moose, or even black bear along the way.

For the absolute best driving experience, make your way along the 57-mile Gunflint Trail, a national scenic byway that begins in the town of Grand Marais and ends at the Trail's End Campground, a good launching point for a Boundary Waters adventure. The drive, which approaches the Boundary Waters from the east, is remote and beautiful from start to finish. That said, there aren't many places to stop or resupply along the way. Be sure to have full gas tank and plenty of road trip snacks before setting out.

Those coming from the west can start their Boundary Water experience in Ely, Cook, or Crane Lake. These quaint little upper-midwest towns are friendly, accommodating, and a great place to purchase last minute supplies before leaving civilization behind for awhile.

What to Expect

As already noted, the Boundary Waters are a remote and wild destination. Visitors can expect miles of dense forest on their drive to the border area, where they'll discover dozens of interconnected rivers and more than 1,175 lakes of varying sizes. Wildlife is in abundance, throughout the region too, including more than 200 species of birds to go along with the deer, moose, wolves, lynx, black bear, and more than 40 other types of animals. Visitors are advised to take caution when encountering those creatures. Although they are seldom aggressive, they can be dangerous when surprised or cornered.

Travelers shouldn't expect much in the way of amenities while in the Boundary Waters, including cell phone service. The wilderness area is located miles from any urban environment, which means don't expect to be sending text messages, making phone calls, or sharing photos on social media. In fact, once you enter the protected area, there are almost no manmade structures to be found, leaving the region almost completely untouched by humans. So much so that even aircraft are prohibited from flying below 4,000 feet while over the Boundary Waters, something that no other wilderness area in the U.S. can claim.

One of the best things about spending time in the Boundary Waters is just how peaceful and quiet it can be. Because it is located in such a remote place, visitors typically only hear the sound of the wind, the water, and the call of wild animals. At night, it is a dark zone, far from any city lights. That makes it a great spot to go stargazing, free from light or air pollution.

Things to See and Do in the Boundary Waters

The Boundary Waters are a dream destination for outdoor enthusiasts. With more than 1,200 miles of canoe routes to paddle, 12 long-distance hiking trails to walk, and 2,000 designated campsites to pitch a tent, visitors can spend a lifetime wandering this wilderness and still only see a fraction of what it has to offer.

When visiting the Boundary Waters, travelers will have to make two choices—how long they want to stay and how they want to explore the area. Most come for just a few days, camping, hiking, and canoeing on the edges of the wilderness. Some will venture further into the interior of the region, something that can only be accomplished by canoe or kayak. A few will even paddle the Boundary Waters from end to end, spending upwards of two weeks in the backcountry along the way.

Part of the fun of visiting the Boundary Waters is setting your own itinerary and exploring the areas that most call to you. But if you have a limited time or are looking for some direction, try canoeing on Sea Gull Lake, an easily-accessible body of water that is generally calm, beautiful, and fun. On sunny days, its waters turn to a stunning shade of blue as well, providing an extra level of tranquility.

Hikers will find numerous trails to wander, both short and long. For instance, Big Moose Lake Trail is 2.5 miles out and back, and is great for stretching your legs in some wonderful scenery. Meanwhile, Eagle Mountain Trail is 3.5 miles in length and climbs to the highest point in the state of Minnesota. Backpackers looking for a significant challenge should put the Kekekabic Trail on their bucket list, as it is 38 miles of pure backcountry bliss.

Camping is a popular activity in the Boundary Waters of course, with literally hundreds of campsites available. The vast majority of those campsites are primitive in nature, without running water or other facilities. Many are located in remote areas only accessible by canoe, so be prepared to fully self sufficient while in the wild.

Unsurprisingly, anglers will find plenty of great fishing spots in the Boundary Waters too. The waters that make up the region are teeming with smallmouth bass, northern pike, and walleye. If you fancy yourself a fisherman or woman, pack your pole and tackle box. You'll be hard-pressed to find better opportunities to land a big one anywhere else in the continental United States.

Where to Stay

As mentioned, there are more than 2,000 designated campsites located throughout the Boundary Waters, allowing visitors to pitch their tent in the vary heart of the wilderness. Camping is of course the best way to experience this amazing destination, so bring a good tent, comfortable sleeping bag, and all of the gear you'll need for your stay. If you do plan on camping, keep in mind that you'll need a permit for backcountry travel at all times of the year. You'll also need a reservation for campsites during the busiest time of the year, which falls between May 1 and Sept. 30. Those permits can be obtained at recreation.gov .

Those who prefer not to camp while visiting the Boundary Waters have a few options to choose from. Hotels and lodges can be found in Grand Marais, Ely, Cook, and Crane Lake. You'll want to book your stay well in advance of course, and staying in one of those towns means you'll be commuting back and fourth throughout your visit.

You'll also find some rustic lodges located throughout the region. Places like the Gunflint Lodge , the Bearskin Lodge, and the Clearwater Historic Lodge are more conveniently placed and offer good access to the wilderness. In addition to accommodations, they can also organize outings or provide gear and supplies for day trips too.

When to Visit

The peak travel season in the Boundary Waters is in June, July, and August. The weather is fantastic, with warm days and cool nights, making it a perfect time to camp out in a tent. Of course, this is also the busiest time of year, which means more traffic on the roads, busier campsites, and crowds on some of the more popular trails.

If solitude is what you seek, then wander deeper into the Boundary Waters to escape the influx of visitors or visit during the shoulder season taking place in May and September. The upside of visiting during this time of the year is that the seasonal stores, shops, and lodges are all open for business. During the colder months, many of those outlets shut down or operate on a reduced schedule. That means that while you'll be avoiding the busy tourist period, you may have to plan further ahead in order to have all of the supplies and gear that you'll need for your journey.

Autumn comes early in northern Minnesota, but it is utterly spectacular in the Boundary Waters. The leaves change to an array of brilliant colors, making it a great time to be in the wilderness. It is often less crowded during this time of year, though a steady flow of leaf peepers can line the roadways. Once again, getting into the backcountry will help avoid the traffic and provide for a wonderful adventure at the same time.

Winter can be long and harsh in the Boundary Waters, but if you enjoy cold weather outings there is much to like in this part of the country. Cross country skiing and dogsledding can take you deep into the backcountry, where you'll discover a wilderness that is empty and quiet. Only experienced adventurers should consider making such a trek, but those that do will be rewarded with endless miles of trails and frozen waterways all to themselves.

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How to Plan a Boundary Waters Canoe Trip in Minnesota

Start planning your Minnesota Boundary Waters canoe trip with this complete guide including BWCA entry points, Boundary Water camping, & more

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Planning a Boundary Waters canoe trip in the Boundary Waters Canoe Area Wilderness (BWCA) involves navigating a labyrinth of over 1,000 lakes and islands. Located on the Minnesota/Canada border, I’ve made countless trips to the BWCA ever since I was a kid and it always delivers when I want a quiet week filled with great views and adventure.

The BWCA is the most-visited wilderness area in the U.S. and for good reason. From short overnight trips to multi-week remote adventures, the BWCA offers a unique camping experience for all skill levels. Like most remote camping trips, though, canoeing the BWCA requires planning in order to secure permits, learn how to navigate lakes and make portages, and assemble the right gear for a successful trip. I’ve made many trips to the BWCA, so in this post, I’m sharing all the important tips and guidance you’ll need to have a successful trip in Minnesota’s great north woods.

In this Boundary Waters canoe trip guide, I share everything you need to know to plan your own canoeing adventure to this amazing and remote area.

Important Reminder: As outdoor recreationists, it’s our responsibility to know how to recreate responsibly on the water whether we’re kayaking, paddleboarding, canoeing, rafting, or boating. Learn how to prevent the spread of aquatic invasive species with 3 easy steps that have a huge impact on our ecosystems.

Best Time to Canoe the Boundary Waters

Since the lakes freeze over in the winter, the best time to canoe the Boundary Waters is between spring, summer, and fall. Typically May through October is the canoeing season.

The summer months are the popular time to go, especially the back half of August. The water is warm enough to swim in and the weather gets up into the 70s and 80s. The main downside to canoeing in the summer months, however, is that mosquitoes and biting flies can put a huge damper on your trip. Bugs peak in mid-June and while the black flies last a week or two, the mosquitos stick around all summer. People share horror stories about the mosquitos, but truthfully they’re not much different than anywhere else in the Midwest.

Visiting during the spring is constrained to the month of May since the lake ice usually doesn’t melt until then. It’s a great month for fishing, solitude, and returning animals and birds, but it can be cold — lows are typically in the 40s.

Fall is one of the best times to visit the BWCA. There are fewer or no bugs, the crowds are basically gone, the fish are returning to the shallow water, and the fall colors are changing. Camping from mid-September to mid-October is the best time to visit if you want to catch the fall foliage as the aspen, birch, and maples leaves begin turning red, orange, and yellow. Make sure to check out these fall camping tips if you plan to visit during this season.

No matter what time of year you visit, it’s important to be prepared for cold temperatures, rainy weather, or submerged and wet gear. Always pack extra warm layers and don’t use cotton.

Planning Your BWCA Route

Bwca entry points.

There are two main BWCA entry points to start your trip: Ely and the Gunflint Trail . In general, the Ely area is quite wooded and has old-growth tree stands you can camp near. Visitors starting in the Gunflint area are likely to see the effects of fires and blowdowns, but while some forests in this area seem more sparse, there’s a more remote, rugged quality to this terrain.

I’ve done a handful of canoe trips out of Ely, but I prefer the Gunflint area for starting a trip because you immediately enter into wilderness with a rugged character.

BWCA Portages

If you’ve never been to the Boundary Waters before, it’s possible you’ve never had to portage a canoe before. Simply put, a portage is when you pick your canoe up and move it overland from one lake to another. The BWCA has over 1,000 lakes connected by portage paths of varying lengths — the shorter and fewer of them on your route, the easier it will be.

Portages are typically measured in rods, which is 16.5 feet long, roughly the length of your canoe. Portaging a canoe isn’t as hard as it seems and it’s actually easy to pick up and carry a canoe by yourself. It has more to do with skill than strength — forget the methods that have you quickly lift the canoe overhead like a powerlifter. Simply follow this method for picking up and carrying the canoe . I’ve seen retired folks do this in the BWCA with no problem at all.

Boundary Waters Route Options

My favorite BWCA route is starting off at the Gunflint Trail at Saganaga Lake and canoeing to Red Rock Lake, Alpine Lake, and Sea Gull Lake to loop back to the start.

There are lots of different route options, though, and you can’t go wrong using the Trip Planner from the Friends of the Boundary Waters Wilderness (more on them later) to cater the route to your trip. You can choose different routes depending on your timeframe, how many portages you’d like to take, how long you want to paddle each day, and your current skill level.

Boundary Waters canoe rentals & Outfitters

While some people bring their own canoes to the BWCA, there are plenty of Boundary Waters canoe rental outfitters in both Ely and the Gunflint Trail. Not only are they inexpensive, but the guides here are a wealth of knowledge for planning your trip, asking questions, and getting some great beta on the best swimming spots and fishing holes. I’ve had great experiences with Voyageur Canoe Outfitters .

Keep in mind that the BWCA is a very large wilderness area, and with so many lakes and islands, you could spend a lifetime exploring different routes. No matter if you choose Ely or Gunflint as your Boundary Waters entry point, you’re going to have a blast.

BWCA Permits

Once you’ve decided on where you want to start your trip, you’ll have to secure a BWCA permit. Permits are required for overnight trips from May 1 to September 30 . Walk-up permits are available the day of and the day before your trip, but their availability is not guaranteed. Keep in mind you don’t need to know exactly how many days or how many people are in your party to reserve a permit.

One Boundary Waters permit allows a group of up to 9 people and 4 watercraft to enter the wilderness . You can’t exceed the group limit at any time on water or land. Fees are $16 per adult per trip ($8 per kid per trip), and there’s also a non-refundable $6 reservation fee.

If you plan on fishing, obtain your fishing license before your trip either online or at any gas station/bait shop across the state. If you’re a Minnesota resident, an annual fishing license is $25 or $14 for 72 hours. If you’re a non-resident, it’s $51 annually, $43 for 7 days, or $36 for 72 hours.

The reservation system for Boundary Waters permits opens up at 9 a.m. CT on the last Wednesday of January every year on the BWCA recreation.gov website . If you plan on canoeing outside of the May-September season, you do not need a permit. BWCA canoe rental businesses can also provide permits.

You’ll need to pick up your permits in person at either a Superior National Forest district office or a BWCA outfitter in order to complete the mandatory Leave No Trace & Tread Lightly education session. This is a relatively short video/Q&A session that ensures visitors understand how to minimize their impact in the backcountry and stay safe in the remote wilderness.

While you don’t need a permit to bring a dog into the BWCA, you should bring a current rabies certificate and rabies tag on their collar. Dogs are welcome in the wilderness if they have good voice control, don’t bark or chase wild animals, have experience in a canoe, and are not left unattended . Always be prepared to clean up after your dog.

Boundary Waters Campsites

Boundary Waters campsites are spread throughout the wilderness area and tend to be on wooded shorelines. It’s pretty obvious where most of them are, and they are clearly labeled on BWCA maps. An easy way to tell if a campsite is occupied or not is to look for canoes on the campground shoreline. You can only camp at existing campgrounds in the BWCA and the campgrounds are first-come, first-serve .

It’s a good idea to break camp early and snag the campsite you’d like by early afternoon so you get the one you want. I once slept in and paddled during the afternoon instead and found every campsite was already taken at the lake I had planned to stay on. That meant a much longer day of paddling for me since I had no choice but to canoe on to the next lake and find the next empty campground.

My main consideration when choosing a campground is the view. Do you want to be on a peninsula surrounded by water, in a thickly wooded area, or do you want to make sure you have a great view of the sunset? Take your priorities into account when choosing your spot.

Boundary Waters Canoe Trip Gear

One of the best parts about canoe camping is that you only have to lug your gear on portages.

You can read our 3-day backpacking checklist to get a general idea of what you’ll need. It goes without saying that the Boundary Waters is a remote area; be sure to pack warm clothing and rain gear so you can stay safe in the event of storms, submerged and wet packs, or days or rainy weather.

Shoes for the BWCA

You’ll want good footwear for the Boundary Waters that can deal with water and rugged portages. I recommend water sandals whenever you’re in the canoe or getting in and out. Check our review of the Teva Universal Trail Sandal . These would be a great choice for a BWCA trip.

For portages, you’ll want hiking shoes or boots that have a closed-toe and closed-heel. These will keep your feet and ankles protected while carrying heavy packs and the canoe. Portages in the BWCA are filled with rocks, tree roots, and slippery mud so plan accordingly.

Dry Bags and Canoe Packs

While you can technically use a backpacking pack to carry your gear, using canoe packs from Duluth Pack, Frost River, or Granite Gear has its perks — it’s also what you’ll get from your outfitter if you rent a canoe. You can also invest in a few lightweight dry bags to keep your items dry and separated, like these Sea to Summit Lightweight Dry Sacks .

For a cheaper option, simply line your pack with a garbage bag and arrange your gear inside.

Navigating the Boundary Waters

You’ll need a compass, map, and map case (outfitters will provide these) for a Boundary Waters canoe trip. Fisher Maps , McKenzie , and Voyageur make the best BWCA maps or National Geographic also makes a detailed BWCA Map Pack . There’s little to no cell service in the BWCA, so don’t rely on your phone for navigation and pack or rent a satellite communication device for safety.

To navigate the Boundary Waters, your best bet is to orient yourself using portages, campgrounds, and prominent features of the shoreline like points, islands, bays, etc. It’s normal — and a right of passage — to get pretty confused about exactly where you are since the lakes and islands can make it seem like a maze. Don’t worry, it’s rare for visitors to actually get lost!

Water Gear & Equipment

Aluminum canoes are heavier to carry on portages, but they’ve got one big benefit: they’re bombproof. No need to worry about scraping a rock in these! Kevlar canoes are more fragile and require extra effort when using them, but they’re much lighter to use while paddling and portaging.

You’ll also need a fair amount of gear for your canoe (outfitters will provide all of this): paddles, life jackets , duct tape, sponge and bailer, and cords to tie in your packs. If you’re planning to fish, bring a pole and tackle box. And don’t forget a swimsuit!

Essential Clothing for Paddling

Carve Designs Cruz Rashguard

I prefer wearing a rashguard over sunscreen these days. I own the Cruz in 2 colors and it’s a staple for any water activity because it dries quickly but also keeps you cool, plus the cut is flattering.

Nani Swimwear Hybrid Explorer Shorts

These shorts are super comfortable, dry really quickly, and come in a bunch of colors and prints. I wear them on all water adventures!

Teva Universal Trail Sandals

Sandals that stay on your feet and can get wet are essential. I like these because they have good grip and can be worn hiking as well, plus they can easily be strapped to your boat when not in use.

Outdoor Research Sunbriolet Hat

You’ll want a wide-brim hat that can get wet and has a chin strap so it stays on in the wind. This Outdoor Research hat is quick-drying, will float if it falls in the water, and comes in a variety of colors.

Goodr Polarized Sunglasses

Polarized glasses are best for the reflection of the water. I like to wear budget-friendly sunglasses paddling and I always wear a retainer so I don’t lose them in the water.

REI Co-op Rainier Rain Jacket

If it’s chilly or windy it can be helpful to have a lightweight rain jacket or windbreaker out on the water with you. I usually pack a jacket like this just in case!

Supportive Swimsuit or Sports Bra

You’ll want a comfortable swimsuit that you can be active in. I like to avoid swimsuits that pull on my neck (like halters) and have been loving Nani Swimwear lately.

There are bears that live in the BWCA, but they rarely bother people. Most visitors opt to hang their food from a tree instead of bringing a bear canister. To hang your food bag, find a tree limb about 15-20 feet off the ground. Attach a heavy item to the end of your rope and throw it over the branch so that the rope is 4 feet away from the trunk. Now attach your bear sack to the rope, pulley your bag into the air, and tie off your rope. With a little searching, you can usually find a popular tree limb that’s used near each campground.

Water Filtration

Luckily, obtaining water in the Boundary Waters is much easier than most backpacking trips. While old-timers may still drink straight from the lake, it’s safer if you boil or filter the water. Simply paddle out away from your campsite and fill your containers from the lake, then purify or boil the water before using. While I used to drink straight from the lake, it’s not worth risking a Giardia infection.

The Platypus GravityWorks filter system is simple to use without needing to pump it. I’ve also used a Katadyn Hiker Microfilter in the BWCA, too, which I like because you can filter water straight into your water bottle while you’re canoeing.

I recommend filling and treating a 1- to 3-gallon water container when you arrive at your campsite to use for dinner, breakfast, and filling smaller 1-liter Nalgenes for the next day’s paddle.

Fire, Camp Stoves, and Cooking Gear

BWCA campgrounds have a fire pit area that can be used for cooking as long as there isn’t a fire ban in the area. The fires must be small and be put out completely when you’re not in camp. Firewood is available from the surrounding forest, but remember to only take dead and downed wood — live wood doesn’t burn well, anyway. If there is a fire ban, bring a camp stove for your cooking.

Sun Protection

It’s easy to get sunburned on a Boundary Waters canoe trip. Not only are you spending a lot of time out under the sun, but it’s also reflecting upward from your canoe and the water, too! Use sunscreen , a sun hat , and consider UPF clothing to keep the sun at bay.

Help Protect the Boundary Waters

The BWCA is a unique, special place. But that doesn’t mean it always will be. Consider supporting the Friends of the Boundary Waters Wilderness to ensure this national treasure stays protected. Proposed copper-sulfide mines like Twin Metals risk contaminating and permanently polluting the Boundary Waters.

Learn more about threats to the BWCA and how you can help protect it by supporting Friends of the Boundary Waters Wilderness .

Taking a canoe trip through Minnesota’s Boundary Waters is a trip unlike any other, and thanks to its massive size and undeveloped character, it’s a wilderness you can return to again and again for new adventures. Whether you’re a seasoned paddler or new to canoe camping, the BWCA will not disappoint!

Have you done a Boundary Waters canoe trip or are you planning one? What questions do you still have? Let us know in the comments!

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Isak is an outdoor freelance writer that loves traveling through Western public lands in his self-converted van to hike, ski, and find the country’s best used bookstores and coffee shops. When he’s not writing or adventuring, Isak is working on Seek More Wilderness to provide outdoor goods that give back to the outdoors. You can view his writing clips at IsakKvam.com and follow his van adventures on Instagram.

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I just got back from the Boundary Waters (6 days, 5 nights in early-mid Sept) and it was amazing. I’m definitely making a trip back sometime, even though I had moments of questioning if i signed up for type 2 fun…. 1) drizzle to rain to soaked tent on night #2, 2) deluge welcomed us to a steep, rocky, slippery campsite, 3) trying to carry a canoe (even part way) on a mile long, level 8.5 portage (and then to find out that was only the second portage of a 3x portage day)…. but then we rewarded with the most beautiful rainbows, silence, starry nights, and disconnection from civilization. Great write up!

That sounds like an adventure!

Amazing clicks of pictures! we have done with same place and its look like a heaven on the earth and we enjoyed our trip. Before visiting this place, we consult with Boundary Waters Catalog about the place and we bought some tools from them. We got some information from some blogs and our trip was amazing.

Hi Eric, thanks for reading & the tip for the Boundary Waters Catalog. Glad you had an awesome trip!

Prove It First: Commonsense Protection For The Boundary Waters & Lake Superior.  Take Action

Planning your trip to the Boundary Waters (A Step-by-Step Guide)

February 12, 2020 Recreation

I want to go to the Boundary Waters, but where do I begin?

That’s a question we hear a lot. If you’ve never planned your own trip, knowing which levers to pull to get the gears in motion can be daunting. It doesn’t have to be! Planning a trip into the BWCA should be fun, not overwhelming.

We went ahead and broke down the components of the trip-planning process and put it into an easy-to-follow timeline.

This isn’t a one-size-fits-all timeline; think of it as an overview, a handy guide that can be adapted to various situation, whether you get started planning months in advance, or if you get a permit a couple weeks before your trip is to start.

That being said, we built this timeline with the assumption that you and your party will be traveling during “the season,” from May 1 to September 30, when you are required to have an overnight camping permit.

Let’s begin here, with securing a permit and making sure you get to go to the place you want to explore.

January: Decide on an entry point and reserve your permit

Yes, this is early, and for procrastinators and those who like to fly by the seat of their pants, pack the car one night, and be out on the water the next, planning this far in advance may be well near impossible.

But, if there is a specific route you want to paddle , a specific area you want to explore, or you just want the peace of mind of taking care of the permit side of things, you better start early.

Reservations for BWCA permits open on January 29, 2020. To ensure you’ll be able to get in at your preferred entry point, on your preferred days, you should be ready to reserve your permit on the first day they are available.

Before you do this, you’ll need to get together with your friends and paddling partners (bring your maps) and decide on an entry point and a start date. You don’t have to have your entire crew formed (maybe your cousin Larry is still waffling. That’s okay. For now). As long as you have a core group of one or two other people, you’ll be set. The details of your route, such as where you will go from the entry point and for how long, can be worked out later.

The important thing is to be ready to reserve your permit early (have you marked January 29 on your calendar yet?). While it’s more than possible to get an overnight paddling permit even a week before a trip, that’s a big maybe. As time goes on and others snatch up permits, the pickings will be slim.

There’s another, equally good reason for securing your permit early: All too often, we hear about people “wanting” to do a Boundary Waters canoe trip , and for no reason besides the fact that it’s easy to let the time slip away, they end up not going. The sooner you and your crew can hammer down a date, clear your calendars, and get the time off from work, the better.

Three months before you leave

From the time you reserve your permit to the time you get the crew together for a meeting (which can be over the phone, by Skype, etc.), you may have gained a few crew members or had others drop out.  

This first meeting, which should happen about three months before your trip, will cover some important ground. Here are a check list of things to go over:

• What is the purpose of the trip? There are many ways to enjoy the Boundary Waters . To make sure everyone gets the most out of the trip, it’s important to set expectations before you leave. Is the goal to cover a lot of ground? Is it to fish? Explore the geology of the area? To sleep in late and relax? Knowing this will help you decide on a route and do wonders for team dynamics.
• Hash out the route. How long will you be out? How many miles per day do you hope to travel? How many rest days should you schedule? Once you decide on your end date, everyone in the group must make sure they have that time available. One or two days after the meeting they should put in a request for time off, get an okay from their significant other, etc.
• Do you want to spend time in Ely or Grand Marais before or after the trip? Many people like to book accommodations in town and gorge on burgers and fries after a few days in the wilderness.
• Transportation. Who can drive? How much can their vehicle carry?
• Group gear. Take a look at the this gear checklist and figure out what group gear you will need, such as a tent, canoe, tarp, stove, packs, etc. Who in the group can provide this gear? If you need something, there are a number of outfitters surrounding the Boundary Waters who can rent the gear your crew needs.
• Make a plan to purchase needed gear and/ or contact outfitters about renting gear or canoes.
• Make sure that when it comes to renting group gear or purchasing group food that people save their receipts and that your party has an understanding about how expenses will be shared.
• Other things to discuss are: Experience levels of those who are going, if anyone has medical training, physical limitations, food allergies and other relevant concerns.

Two months before you leave

60 days before your trip, you should:

Decide on a menu and split up food-buying duties. Make one person responsible for buying all the breakfast food, another for lunch , and a third for dinner.

Make reservations for any gear you might need with the outfitter of your choice.

Book rooms in town (if needed) for both before and after your trip.

One month before you leave for the Boundary Waters

• Have all the non-perishable food packed and ready (perishable foods can wait)
• Have your route and itinerary written down and share it with family, friends.
• Load up contacts in your satellite communications device (SPOT or InReach, if you are bringing one) with the appropriate contacts
• Make an inventory of all your personal gear, and a list of everything you might need
• Have all your group accounted for. You either have it or have plans to get it.

Two weeks to go:

Make that last-minute shopping trip to pick up the bug net you can’t find, a spare pair of socks, or anything else you might need.  

During the week before you leave…

• Get all the group gear and everyone’s personal gear together and do a final check. Do you have toilet paper? Matches?
• Purchase perishable foods (if you bring any) and have it ready to go the day you leave for the northland.
• Have your trail clothes that you will change into before hitting the water ready. It’s nice to drive up in some “civvies” and have them there to change into when you get off trail.
• Have the vehicle(s) gassed up and packed up the night before so you’re ready to go in the morning. 

Like we said, this isn’t an absolute plan. People drop out at the last minute, friends pop up wanting to go, and some people like the crunch of planning and packing for a trip in three days.

However you do it, remember, there is a post-trip component as well.

This generally includes:

• A burger and a few beers
• The dreaded moment you check your emails
• Cleaning up all the gear
• Settling accounts (gas, etc.)
• Discussing where to paddle next year…or next month

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Boundary Waters for Beginners: A Guide to the Incredible Wilderness

• Julie Singh
• March-27-2023

Beginners Guide to the Incredible Boundary Waters Wilderness

Make just one trip to the Boundary Waters Canoe Area Wilderness, and your life will be changed forever. 

This pristine wilderness extends along 150 miles of the US/Canada border in Northern Minnesota and looks much the same as it did in the early 1900s when preservation efforts began. More than 1,000 lakes and hundreds of miles of rivers and streams make it a one-of-a-kind destination for canoeing , with 20% of the total area made up of water.

With thousands of miles of canoe and portage trails, the BWCA offers an adventure for all.  Whether you desire a challenging trip paddling dozens of lakes and rivers and taking in scenic waterfalls or a peaceful paddle to observe ancient pictographs,  the BWCA has endless options.

In this guide for beginners, we share insight into how to plan a trip to the Boundary Waters as a beginner, the best time to visit Boundary Waters, the best Boundary Waters canoe area routes and entry points, and the ultimate kit list for your trip.

What is the Best Time to Go to the Boundary Waters?

If you’re planning on kayaking the Boundary Waters then it’s important to plan your trip at the right time of year. Traveling the wilderness brings with it a range of risks, and you want to ensure that weather conditions aren’t going to impact the safety or enjoyment of your trip.

Open water season in the Boundary Waters is between May and September. If you want to enter the area between these months you’ll need to make sure you have a permit, as this limits the number of visitors to the area and ensures that the environment isn’t damaged by human interference.

You can visit the BWCA outside of this peak season, but the waterways and lakes will be obstructed by ice and you will be traveling by cross-country ski or snowshoe rather than canoe. You still need a permit to enter in the off-season, you just don’t have to pay for one.

Visiting the Boundary Waters in May means that you’ll be one of the first people back into the area that year, which can be great for snagging a campsite before the summer visitors come, but also means that some portages may be difficult to traverse due to lack of use. In June, tourism starts to pick up in the area, although the water temperature can still be quite cold and mosquitos and black flies begin to gather.

The best time to visit Boundary Waters on a fishing trip is between June and August, as this is when the most fish will be active in the water and you’ll have the most luck at catching a range of species. This is also the warmest time of the year so camping and canoeing are more comfortable, although bugs are particularly common in July.

Many people consider August to be the best time of year for canoeing Boundary Waters as there are very few mosquitos, the weather is warmest and the water is also a great temperature for swimming. The wilderness sees the highest number of families during this month, so if you’re trying to visit when it’s quiet you may want to avoid the peak season.

By the time September comes around, the Boundary Waters becomes much quieter as the temperatures start to go down and Fall starts to draw in. If you’re not too bothered by chilly nights this is a fantastic time to visit.   The remarkable leaf colors and the lack of mosquitos (and crowds) also make it one of our favorite times of year.

What is the Best Canoe for BWCA?

There are a variety of different brands of canoe available for adventurers wanting to explore the Boundary Waters, and the type you choose may depend on whether you’re renting a canoe from an outfitter for your trip or buying one for yourself. So instead of recommending specific brands, here’s what you need to consider when choosing the best canoe.

Firstly, while kayaks are considered to be very good watercrafts in general, canoes are typically a better choice for a Boundary Waters trip. Canoes are more stable and can carry more gear, and lightweight versions make carrying them over portages or removing them from the water much easier.

Some types of canoes are designed specifically for multi-day trips, so you’ll want to opt for one of these if possible when you’re planning your trip. You’ll be carrying your pack and gear in your canoe when you’re paddling the Boundary Waters, so you also need to consider how much storage space is available and whether this will be enough for your equipment.

Most Boundary Waters outfitters have Kevlar canoes in their fleet for BWCA trips.  Kevlar canoes are lightweight and are easy to paddle and carry.  Since a BWCA trip requires both paddling and portaging, Kevlar canoes are a great choice.

If you’re traveling with only one other person, you might decide that a double canoe is the best option so you can share the load of paddling.  Paddling a canoe solo can be a bit more challenging, so splitting a group into pairs is best.  

If you’re a beginner visiting Boundary Waters, it’s a good idea to speak to one of our recommended outfitters to discuss the best type of canoe for your trip.

Boundary Waters Canoe Area Permits

Boundary Waters permits are required all year, but there are a few factors that decide which permit you will need and how to get it. 

If you are doing a canoe camping trip during the summer months, you will need an Overnight Paddle permit that allows you to paddle and camp overnight in the BWCA. Get an OP permit for your BWCA trip at Recreation.gov . 

It helps to know where you will be renting a canoe or gear first, so you can choose the outfitter as the issuing station so they can issue the permit when you pick up your gear.  Alternatively, the outfitter can also book the permit for you.

What are the Different Types of Boundary Waters Permits?

Depending on the time of year you visit and the type of trip you’re planning in Boundary Waters, there are several different types of permits on offer.

Between May 1st and September 30th

Overnight paddle (op).

This is the most popular permit (and way to explore) for the Boundary Waters trip.  This is a permit for your typical canoe camping trip in the BWCA.

Day Use Only (no camping)

If you’re visiting BWCA for the day, you just need a Self Issued Permit which is available at the kiosks at the BWCA entry points and from Forest Service offices.

Hiking and Camping Overnight (no paddling)  

If you want to stay in the Boundary Waters overnight, but won’t be paddling around, you need an Overnight Hiking Permit for the location you are entering. There is no limit for the number of nights you can stay in the area once you’ve entered.

After September 30th and before May 1st

In the off-season months between September and May, you only need a Self-Issued Permit to enter the Boundary Waters. These are available from kiosks at BWCA entry points and Forest Service offices. Reservations are not required and there are no recreation fees.

The Best Boundary Waters Entry Points

Boundary Waters entry points are all that stand between you and the chance to explore this phenomenal piece of wilderness. You must have a permit to pass through an entry point, but then once you’re in you can walk and paddle around as freely as you please, staying for any duration you’d like.

Boundary Waters permits need to be reserved in advance and operate on a first-come, first-served basis. Different entry points have different numbers of permits available each day, so you need to do your research in advance and ensure that you’ll be able to enter the BWCA when you arrive.

Here are some of the most popular Boundary Waters entry points in each area to inspire you.

#12 – Little Vermilion Lake

#16 – Moose River 

#4 – Crab Lake

#22 – Mudro Lake

#24 – Fall Lake

#25 – Moose Lake

#30 – Lake One

Isabella Area

#34 – Island River

#75 – Little Isabella River

#41 – Brule Lake

Grand Marais Area

#54 – Seagull Lake

#55 – Saganaga Lake

5 of the Best Boundary Waters Routes

As well as choosing an entry point, you also need to plan your route for canoeing Boundary Waters. After deciding how many days you want to explore the area, or whether you’d just like to plan a day trip, take a look at some of the most popular routes below.

Sawbill Lake

If you’ve only got time for a day trip kayaking the Boundary Waters, Sawbill Lake is a great spot to explore. Paddle around the lake or portage to nearby Smoke Lake or Alton Lake and enjoy the rugged scenery in this secluded spot. The route is on the Tofte side of the BWCA, so if you’re renting equipment you’ll need an outfitter on this side of the area.

The Number Chain

This route is one of the best Boundary Waters for beginners options, as it focuses on minimum paddling and maximum enjoyment of the area. You begin at Lake One and then travel to Lake Two, then into Lake Three and then finish at Lake Four, with only a handful of portages and plenty of time to stop and swim or fish. This route starts on the Ely side of the Boundary Waters, so you’ll need to rent equipimtnet from near the town.

Seagull and Saganaga Lake

Right on the border between the USA and Canada in the Grand Marais area of the BWCA, this route lets you loop from Sea Gull Lake, up to Saganaga and then back down to your starting point. It’s a route with a lot of paddling and only a few portages, which is great for a weekend trip. 

Kawishiwi River Triangle

A classic beginner’s route for Boundary Waters canoe trips is the Kawishiwi River Triangle, which has a small number of portages and usually takes about three days to complete. Starting on Farm Lake on the Ely side of the Boundary Waters, you enter the Kawishiwi River and paddle along the south section, around a triangular route to Clear Lake, then connect back to Farm Lake the way you came.

Fall Lake and Basswood Lake Loop

This route will take between three and five days depending on your fitness and experience, and takes you from the edge of Fall Lake, near Ely, around Basswood Lake, right on the edge of the USA/Canada border. You begin and end at entry point #24 ‘Fall Lake’ and is a great ​​Boundary Waters route option if you don’t want to portage too much.

Staying at Boundary Waters Campsites

The Boundary Waters Canoe Area Wilderness offers over 2000 designated campsites across the 1200 miles of canoe routes and 1,100 lakes. When you’re planning how to camp in the Boundary Waters, the first thing to note is that these campsites are all backcountry first-come, first-served sites, and are not reserve-able. 

While canoe camping in the BWCA, you must camp in these designated campsites. You can see the locations of each of these campsites on an official BWCA map .

All of the designated campsites in the Boundary Waters Canoe Area have a wilderness latrine (an open-pit toilet). The sites closest to the entry points into the BWCA can be busy, and the farther into the wilderness you paddle, the more solitude you will find.

If you are visiting the BWCA during the summer or holiday weekends, we suggest that you arrive at your campsite early in the day in order to secure a spot.  

Boundary Waters Canoe Area campsites do have an unofficial rating system which ranks the sites between 1 – 5 stars. Check out BWCA.com for Boundary Waters Canoe Area campsite maps and campsite reviews and ratings.

A Boundary Waters Gear List

As the name explains, Boundary Waters is a Wilderness area, which means that there are very limited facilities for humans. Campsites are equipped with a fire grate and a latrine, but when it comes to what to bring to the Boundary Waters, you’ll need to pack everything else for yourself.

Packing as light as possible is definitely recommended, as you’ll have to carry all of your gear when you’re portaging. Some outfitters will be able to offer you pre-packed equipment kits, but the following list includes everything you need if you decide to bring all of your own items.

• A sleeping bag
• A sleeping mat
• A camp stove and fuel
• Cooking utensils
• Eating utensils
• A water bottle
• A water filter system
• Bear proof food storage system or food hanging system
• Garbage bags for waste
• A pocket knife or multi-tool
• A flashlight
• A navigation compass
• Toilet paper
• Hand sanitizer 
• A first aid kit
• Personal hygiene products
• Weather appropriate clothing
• A rain jacket
• Wet shoes for canoeing
• Dry shoes for camping
• A sun hat or bandana

As well as the above items, you will obviously also need a canoe, paddles and a life jacket.

A space as vast as the Boundary Waters Canoe Area Wilderness can be daunting to travelers that have never explored it before. But the great news is that this beautiful part of the world is the ideal place to plan an outdoor adventure even if you are a beginner, with plenty of help and advice available from outfitters and regular visitors to the area.

If you’re thinking about a trip to the Boundary Waters, Trip Outside can help you find your ideal route with outfitters based in Ely and on the Superior shore in Tofte , and provide complete outfitting for your BWCA adventure.

Find more adventures in the state of Minnesota like kayaking the Mississippi River in Minneapolis. For more inspiration on Minnesota adventures, check out local adventurers like Look About Lindsey.

SAVE THE BOUNDARY WATERS

The Boundary Waters Canoe Area Wilderness is threatened by sulfide-ore copper mining.  The  Campaign to Save the Boundary Waters  is leading the effort to ensure permanent protection for the Boundary Waters Wilderness, America’s most visited Wilderness and Minnesota’s crown jewel, from proposed sulfide-ore copper mining.

What would a Twin Metals mine on the edge of the Boundary Waters mean? Pollution. Not this mine. Not this place. #SavetheBWCA

Find out more  about how you can help Save the BWCA!

No matter where you camp and canoe, make sure you follow Leave No Trace principles , and recreate responsibly outdoors to ensure our wilderness areas stay pristine for generations to come.

Meet Julie & Reet

We’re Julie & Reet, the outdoor adventurers behind TripOutside. We love human-powered outdoor adventures and have traveled to hundreds of destinations that you see on TripOutside. Read more..

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We fully understand how tough it is to find trustworthy travel advice, and that’s one of the main reasons we built TripOutside. We live for outdoor adventure, and we take these blogs and content very seriously. Here are some of the reasons you can trust us:

We only work with the highest-rated outfitters in the industry.

We’ve traveled to hundreds of destinations that you see on TripOutside in our RV over 6 years and want to share the places that we love with you.

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Once you and your family have got to know Elektrostal, why not explore a little more of the area? The Central Russia district has myriad things to offer visitors. Discover Central Russia's old towns and don't forget to see the region's forests, rivers, canals and mountains. In this corner of Russia adventurous travelers might partake in ice skating and four-wheel driving.

35 miles (59 kilometers) to the west of Elektrostal you will find Garden Ring, where you can spend a little time at the Arena CSKA. Khoroshevskiy rooms include the Kutuzovsky prospekt II and Hotel Bega . If you're looking for an alternative, you can visit Garden Ring, 35 miles (53 kilometers) west of Elektrostal. While you are in Garden Ring, take the time to explore the State Literary Museum. The Hotel Savoy Moscow and Hotel Metropol Moscow are great places to retire for the night.

While in town, don't miss out on enjoying thrills and spills in the company of fellow supporters at an engaging game. Luzhniki Stadium can be found 35 miles (58 kilometers) to the west of Elektrostal. Book a Travelocity-listed hotel right in the thick of the sporting action at the Moscow Suites Noviy Arbat or the LikeHome Apartments Arbat .

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