pre trip walk around checklist

CDL Pre-Trip Inspection Checklist

Studying this Class-A CDL pre-trip inspection checklist is an important part of truck driver training. Before getting your Class-A CDL and finding an entry level truck driving job , most states will require students to pass a DOT (department of transportation) pre-trip inspection test and a general knowledge test .

Each company’s pre-trip inspection varies slightly. Most likely you will have to do the coupling system, light check and in-cab inspections plus one of the remaining three sections.

Pre Trip Inspection Checklist

Download free and print it! Printable Pre Trip Inspection Checklist (PDF)

There are many sections to learn but the test is not as difficult as it may seem. Studying our simplified Class-A pre-trip inspection checklist and taking classes at your local CDL training school will get you prepared.

Engine Compartment

Driver door fuel area, coupling area, light check, in-cab inspection and brake tests, belt driven alternator, belt driven water pump, brake chamber, brake lining, caste nuts and cotter pins, coolant reservoir, gear box and hoses, gear driven air compressor, gear driven power steering pump.

• General Hoses

Leaf Springs

Power steering fluid reservoir, shock absorber, slack adjuster and push rod, spring hanger, steering column, what to check for:.

When checking the engine compartment, you will always want to make sure the following components are properly mounted and secured. You should also make sure they are not cracked, bent or broken. The items you will need to check for include:

• Make sure all of the wires are connected. The belt should not be cracked or frayed and the free play on the belt should be between ½ to ¾ of an inch.
• The free play on the belt should be between ½ to ¾ of an inch. Also check all the hoses running to and from the water pump to make sure nothing is leaking.
• The brake chamber should not be leaking air.
• The brake drum should be properly mounted and secure.
• The brake hose is rubber, so it is important to make sure it is not leaking air.
• Check for oil or debris on the lining. There should be at least ¼ of an inch of friction material.
• Make sure all three caste nuts and cotter pins are present.
• The reservoir should not leaking and must be filled to the manufacturer’s specifications.
• Make sure the drag link is properly mounted and secure, and not cracked, bent or broken.
• The gear box and hoses should have no abrasions, bulges or cuts, and should not be leaking.
• Although the air compressor is hard to see, you must make sure it is properly mounted and does not leak.
• The steering pump is located in the same place as the air compressor and is also gear driven. Ensure the steering pump is not leaking.

General Hoses (Passenger and Driver’s Side)

• The hoses should be secure at both ends. There should be no abrasions, bulges or cuts. Fluids run through these hoses, so it is important to make sure they are not leaking.
• The hub seal (or axle seal) should not be leaking and should be filled to the manufacturer’s specifications.
• Make sure none of the leaf springs have shifted.
• Check for leaks under the truck.
• There should be no lug nuts missing. Look for rust trails, powder residue and cracks around the bolt holes.
• The oil level should be filled to the manufacturer’s specifications.
• Make sure the pitman arm is properly mounted and secure. It should be not cracked, bent or broken.
• Make sure this reservoir is not leaking and filled to the manufacturer’s specifications.
• The rim cannot have any unauthorized welds.
• Make sure the shock absorber is not leaking. If it is leaking, the leak will be at the point where the top and bottom portion of the shock meet.
• With the brakes released and pulled by hand, the push rod should never move more than one inch.
• The spring hanger should be properly mounted and secure.
• Make sure the steering column is properly mounted and secure. It should not be cracked, bent or broken.
• Look for abrasions, bulges or cuts on the tread or sidewalls. Tread depth should have a depth no less than 4/32 of an inch. Tires must be properly filled to the manufacturer’s specifications. This can be checked with an air gauge.
• Make sure the tie rod is properly mounted and secure, not cracked, bent or broken.
• Make sure all are accounted for.

Back to top of Engine Compartment

Catwalk and Steps

Door and hinges, drive shaft, exhaust system, frame and cross members, spring mount.

Again it is important to make sure these items are properly mounted and secure. Look for cracks, bends, and breaks.

• The actual airbag is rubber, so it is important to check for abrasions, bulges, cuts and leaks, in addition to any missing mounting bolts.
• The axle seal should not be leaking and should be filled to the manufacturer’s specifications.
• Make sure to mention the brake chamber is not leaking air.
• Make sure the brake drum is secured properly. Also look for cracks, bends and breaks.
• Check the brake hose at both ends to make sure it is not leaking air.
• There should be no oil or debris on the brake lining. There should be at least ¼ of an inch of friction material.
• The cat walk and steps should be clear of any loose objects.
• Physically demonstrate that the doors open, close and latch properly. Door seals should not be worn, torn or rotten.
• The drive shaft should not be twisted and the u-joints should be free of any debris.
• The tread and sidewalls should have no abrasions, bulges or cuts. The tread depth should be no less than 2/32 of an inch. Tires should be properly filled to the manufacturer’s specifications. This can be checked with an air gauge.
• The exhaust system should show no signs of leaks.
• There should be no unauthorized holes or welds. Bundle up the cross members to ensure none are missing.
• Fuel should not be leaking from the tank and the cap should always be on tight.
• Rust trails could indicate loose bolts, while powder residue and racks around the bolts could mean the bolts have been over-tightened.
• Mirrors should be clean for best visibility.
• Make sure the mud flap is secured properly. Also look for cracks, bends and breaks.
• Make sure to mention there should be never be any unauthorized welds.
• The shock absorber should be secure at both ends and not leaking. If it does leak, it will leak in the middle.
• With the brakes released and pulled by hand, the push rod should not move more than one inch.
• If you are equipped with duals, check to see there is proper spacing between the tires and there is nothing stuck.
• The spring arm should be secure at both ends.
• The spring mount should be secure at both ends.
• Make sure the torque arm is secured properly. Also look for cracks, bends and breaks.
• Make sure to check and mention that no U-bolts are missing.

Back to  top of Driver Door Fuel Area

Electric Line

Locking jaws, mounting bolts, release arm, sliding fifth wheel locking pin.

• Air lines should be secure at both ends with no abrasions, bulges or cuts. They should not be leaking, dragging or tangled.
• Make sure the apron is properly mounted and secure. Look for cracks, bends and breaks.
• Make sure there is enough space between the tractor mudflap and the trailer landing gear so that they don’t hit each other when making a turn.
• The electric line should be secure at both ends. There should be no abrasions, bulges, cuts or exposed wires.
• The gap is not an actual item, however there should be no space between the apron and the skid plate.
• The seals should be in good condition with no cracks, signs of rotting, or leaking air.
• Make sure the king pin is properly mounted and secure. Look for cracks, bends and breaks.
• You must physically check that the locking jaws is fully locked around the king pin.
• No mounting bolts should be missing.
• Make sure the platform is properly mounted and secure. Look for cracks, bends and breaks.
• The release arm should be in the fully locked position.
• The skid plate needs to be properly lubed.
• The pin must be in the fully locked position.

Back to top of Coupling Area

Header Board

Landing gear, rear door and hinges.

• Shock Absorbers

Tandem Frame and Release

Trailer tire.

• Again make sure the airbag has no abrasions, bulges, cuts or leakings. The airbag should not be missing any mounting bolts.
• The brake chamber should be properly mounted so that is does not leak air.
• The brake hose should be secure at both ends with no abrasions, bulges, cuts or leaks.
• Check for oil or debris on the brake lining. There should be at least ¼ of an inch of friction material.
• There cannot be any missing cross members.
• The header board cannot have any holes or missing rivets.
• The landing gear must be fully raised and the cradle handle secure.
• Rust trails indicate loose bolts. Powder residue and cracks around the bolt holes could be an indication of over-tightened bolts.
• The rims cannot have any unauthorized welds.
• The rear door should open, close and latch properly. Door seals should not be worn, torn or dry rotten.
• The shock absorber should be checked at both ends for leaks.
• When the brakes are released and pulled by hand, the push rod should not move more than one inch.
• Release handle and locking pins should be in the fully locked position.

There should be no abrasions, bulges or cuts to the tread or sidewalls. Tread depth should be no less than 2/32 of an inch. The tire should be properly filled to manufacturer’s specifications and checked with an air gauge.

• Front of the truck
• Both sides of the truck
• Rear of the truck
• Both sides of the trailer
• Rear of the trailer

Back to top of Trailer

The five functions are:

• Left turn signal
• Right turn signal
• Four way flashers
• High/low beams
• Brake lights

Back to top of Light Check

• Airbrake Test

Air Pressure Gauges

Emergency equipment, heater and defroster, lighting indicators, oil pressure gauge, parking brake, service brake check, water temperature gauge, windshield and mirrors, windshield wipers and washers.

The last section is In-Cab Inspection and Brake Tests. For the In-Cab Inspection you will once again want to make sure all of the following components are properly mounted and secure. As well as the following:

Air Brake Test

There are three stages to an air brake test:

• Applied Pressure Test – When doing the Applied Pressure Test, you will want to build the air pressure to governor cut out. Put the truck in the lowest gear, turn the engine off and immediately turn it back on. Push in the tractor and trailer valves which will then release the parking brakes. Push and hold the brake pedal, allowing the gauges to stabilize. When the gauges have stabilized, announce the Primary and Secondary PSI. Listen for air leaks while doing this.
• Warning Light and Buzzer – Pump down on the brake pedal until the warning light and buzzer comes on. This is typically at or before 60 PSI.
• Tractor/Trailer Protection Valve Pop Out – Pump down on the brake pedal until the tractor and trailer protection valves pop out, this will be between 20 and 40 PSI.
• The air pressure gauges should build to governor cut out.
• Your truck should have a fire extinguisher, three red reflective triangles and spare electrical fuses.
• Demonstrate both the heater and defroster are working properly.

Horns (Air Horn and City Horn)

• Blow both horns to make sure they are working.
• Check the left turn, right turn, four way flashers and high beams; also point these out on the dashboard.
• Make sure transmission is in neutral and then fully depress the clutch. Turn the key on, check the ABS light, announce when it comes on and off, and start the engine.
• The seat belt should not be ripped or frayed and should adjust and latch properly.
• The engine oil pressure gauge should rise to normal operating range.
• Trailer Parking Brakes – Set the trailer brake, release the tractor brake, then tug lightly on the trailer.
• Tractor Parking Brakes – Set the tractor brake, release the trailer brake and tug lightly on the trailer.
• Release both the tractor and trailer brakes. Drive at idle speed. Apply the service brake to make sure you come to a complete stop and that it doesn’t pull to the left or right when applying the brakes.
• The voltmeter should be charging between 13 and 14 volts.
• The water temperature gauge should also rise to normal operating range.
• The windshield and mirrors must be clean, with no obstructions and in proper adjustment.
• Demonstrate the wipers and washers are working properly by spraying the windshield.

Back to top of In-Cab Inspection and Brake Tests

During a CDL pre-trip inspection, truckers inspect many aspects of their commercial vehicle, including the overall safety of the vehicle; major hoses, fluid levels, and vehicle belts; the clutch or gear shift; and emergency equipment. The driver demonstrates their knowledge by walking around the vehicle, checking various safety components and explaining why each part should be checked for safety.

Reference and practice tests:

• Printable Pre Trip Inspection Checklist (PDF)
• CDL General Knowledge Practice Test
• Pre Trip Inspection Practice Test
• CDL HAZMAT Endorsement Practice Test

Edited for 2024 on  12/5/23

Best Free CDL Pre-Trip Inspection Checklist | Trucker Safety & Profit

Brian Smith

October 9, 2023

The indispensable CDL pre trip inspection checklist is one of the most important rituals of a driver's day. Industry veterans know this routine like the back of their hands—it's that vital to the trade— but new drivers struggle with how to remember their CDL pre trip inspections, especially for the exam.

Drivers are required to complete this walkthrough at least every 24 hours, after their mandatory 10-hour break. A detailed inspection can safeguard not only your safety but also that of everyone else on the road.

This article will walk you through an exhaustive checklist to follow before every trip, as well as the potential costs of not doing so. We've designed this list with YOU in mind, so we're throwing in some money-making tips that will help you avoid steep fines and costly repairs.

"Spotting and fixing vehicle defects early on keeps you safe and your truck in good shape."

Why Following the CDL Pre-Inspection Checklist is So Important

The price of a failed DOT inspection makes completing a thorough CDL pre trip inspection checklist even more pressing. Violations can cost carriers thousands each year in both penalties and out-of-service (OOS) trucks. According to the FMCSA, around 20% of vehicles are OOS due to failed inspections at any given time. For an owner-operator, this means you'd be paying thousands in vehicle payments on a truck that's not earning you any money.

The pre trip checklist is designed to avoid any possible accidents due to equipment failure and failed safety inspections. A few minutes of caution pays for itself ten-fold down the line.

DOT & Truck Inspection

• Steer Axle/ Rear Suspension
• Side of Cab
• Rear of Cab

Driver Shaft/Rear Frame

• Trailer Front/Side/Rear- Trailer Suspension

Gauges/Inner Truck

• DVIR form fill out

"Most pre-trip truck inspection lists cover safety. We go beyond that with time and money-saving tips in our pre-trip inspection checklist PDF." - Brian Smith, Director, Global Marketing of Cota Systems

• Get the Google Sheet
• Download the Printable PDF

General Tips Throughout Your Pre-Trip Inspection

Because you don't have access to a pre trip inspection checklist during the CDL exam, drivers have created a few tricks to pass this part of the test. The most common memorization tricks are:

BBC: Is any plastic or metal bent, broken, or cracked?

CDL: No hard materials should be cracked, damaged or loose.

ABC: Are there any abrasions, bulges, or cuts on the rubber?

PFL: Peak for leaks in fluid and air containers.

PMS: Are bolts properly mounted and secure?

ABCDF: Do you see abrasions, bulges, cuts, dry rot, or frays?

A bit of common sense will help you put these acronyms to good use. For example, there's no way BBC would apply to rubber, as rubber wouldn't be bent, cracked, or broken. Most drivers pick one for each material type and stick with it until they get more comfortable with the list.

What are the ABCS in a pre-trip inspection?

As mentioned above, the ABCs refer to Abrasions, Bulges, and Cuts to check for during the Class A CDL pre-trip inspection. This applies to rubber or soft surfaces - things like tires, hoses, and rubber bushings.

How Long Should a Proper CDL Checklist & Inspection Take?

Ideally, it takes 15-30 minutes to run through the CDL pre trip inspection checklist depending on experience level and whether or not any issues are found. If issues are found, they must be fixed right then, before taking any more loads.

The cost of preventative maintenance averages $15,000 per truck per year. This figure is a drop in the bucket compared to the cost of inoperable equipment. Breakdowns and crashes due to mechanical failure cost carriers billions industry-wide. Consider an owner-op paying $3,500 per month on insurance and loan payments. Those payments still have to be made regardless of whether the truck is in the shop or on the road. Adds up quickly right? Spending a bit of extra time and money on prevention keeps trucks on the road and earning money.

Get your Free CDL Pre-Trip Inspection checklist today!

Standard cdl pre trip inspection checklist.

Our pre-trip inspection Class A checklist serves two purposes: helping new drivers pass this portion of the CDL exam, and guiding CDL holders through the process with 100% accuracy every time.

A few exam tips before the pre-trip checklist:

• Point to or physically touch each area being inspected. This will help your memory and prove you know your stuff.
• Start with a big section and break it down into small sections from left to right like reading a book.
• During the test, make at least 2 checks for every item or area.

▢ Hoses: all hoses should be secured on both ends with no splits or cuts

▢ Fluids: engine oil, washer fluid, coolants, and power steering

▢ Belts: no more than 1/2"" to 3/4"" of give, securely mounted with no fraying ends

▢ Alternator: securely mounted, belt in good shape

▢ Water pump: properly mounted with no split or leaking hoses

▢ Air compressor: securely mounted, no visible or audible leaks

If Left Unchecked:

Oil leaks and coolant issues are two of the most common breakdown causes, both of which can be spotted during pre-trip. Scheduling dry maintenance every 10,000-25,000 miles and wet maintenance every 25,000-50,000 miles can prevent most engine issues. These regular services, ranging from $50-$450 , are nothing compared to the price of replacing or rebuilding an engine - $20,000 - $40,000 . Thorough pre-trip inspections are the best way to avoid engine breakdowns and escalated damage.

▢ Brake Pads: ¼ minimum brake pad thickness

▢ Slack Adjuster: 1” of play and at a 90' angle to the brake chamber

▢ Brake Chamber : no audible leaks or visible damage

▢ Brake Hose: securely mounted, no audible leaks, splits, or cuts

▢ Brake Drum: no bluing from excessive heat, securely mounted

Brake problems are the most common cause of semi-truck accidents . While over-breaking is a big player in this, a lack of maintenance and unnoticed airline damage usually play roles, too. 

Brake pad replacement costs $150-$300 per axle ($750-$1,500 total) and $80-$160 per hour in labor. The consequences of brake failure are incalculable - body repairs, cargo damage, and strikes to your carrier safety rating will follow you. The last thing you want to deal with is higher insurance premiums or trouble getting placed on loads. Take this part of your pre-trip inspection extra seriously.

• Front: clearance lights, headlights, high beams, turn signals, flashers
• Sides: turn signals, flashers, clearance lights
• Rear: tail lights, brake lights, left turn, right turn, 4-way flashers
• Front: clearance lights
• Rear: clearance lights, tail lights, license plate lights, brake lights, turn signals, flashers

▢ Reflector Tape: clear, free of dirt

If Left Unchecked:  

Fines for a headlight out vary from state to state, but the consequences of non-functioning brake lights or turn signals could confuse drivers and create unsafe situations. Both of these can be spotted and fixed during a pre-trip inspection. It's easy to run to the shop and change the light yourself if possible. License plate bulbs are just a few cents, and headlight kits range from $40-$250 . Don't add the price of a ticket on top from getting pulled over!

On the topic of lights, it's important to note that warning lights like the engine light or battery alert light should be addressed immediately to avoid developing into bigger issues down the road.

▢ Wheel inside: not broken, no illegal welds

▢ Wheel outside: no cracks or illegal welds

▢ Tires: no cuts or bulges, air gauge matches manufacturer recommendations, tread depth at least 4/32" and evenly worn

▢ Spacing: duals are properly spaced

▢ Valve Stem: not audibly leaking. metal cap in place and secure

▢ Lug Nuts: present, tight, no cracks

▢ Hub Seal: not cracked or loose

Tire problems cause 8,000 truck accidents per year. While flats are sometimes unpreventable, blowouts can be caused by improper inflation , which can also shorten the lifespan of your tires via irregular wear and tear. Timely alignments and rotations can also keep tires running longer; the price of new big rig tires is from $250 to $600 . A tire blowout mid-load can make you miss your appointment and waste precious driving hours - all the more reason to be thorough in your truck inspection.

Something to keep in mind is the way you conduct your pre-trip checklist is important. For example, there are a lot of videos and content showing truckers how to check their tires by kicking, beating, and even using a hammer. Hitting a tire with force like that, in the right spot (damaged) can lead to a blow-up and severely injure you and your truck. Even lugging around a damaged tire can lead to a blow-up . Stay safe and take all necessary precautions!

Steer Axle/Rear Suspension

▢ Steering Shaft: not BBC, securely mounted

▢ Steering Gear Box: not BBC, securely mounted, no visible leaks

▢ Hose: no visible leaks, properly mounted

▢ Pitman Arm: not BBC, securely mounted, nuts and pins are all hardware is present and secure

▢ Drag Link: rubber is in good shape, bushings are properly greased and not split or cut

▢ Upper/Lower Control Arms and Tie Rod: not BBC, securely mounted

▢ Spring Mounts: not BBC, securely mounted

▢ Leaf Springs:  not BBC, securely mounted, not shifted or scissored

▢ U-bolts: not BBC, securely mounted, all accounted for

▢ Shock Absorber: not BBC, securely mounted, no visible leaks, rubber bushings aren't dry rotting

If Left Unchecked: 

On their own, each of these parts isn't a huge deal to replace. For example, 

• Steering Shafts: $100-$300
• Pitman Arms: $50-$200
• Steering Gear Box: $150-750
• Shock Absorber: $50 - $90

On the other end of the spectrum, neglect can lead to the truck leaning to one side, which can cause further damage. Blown shock absorbers will also make your truck hard to handle, steer, and control. Say it takes a mechanic 3-5 days to diagnose and fix a suspension issue. You could lose out on $1,000 - $3,000 in earnings that week, plus the several hundred it will cost in repairs. Spotting these issues during your 15-minute pre-trip inspection could save you thousands.

▢ Mirrors: mirrors adjusted properly and without cracks, free of dirt

▢ Foot Pedals: unobstructed

▢ Horns: functioning properly

▢ Windshield: no stickers, cracks, or excessive dirt

▢ Heater/defrost: both operate when the fan is set to max

▢ Wipers: arms move properly when turned on, and wiper fluid works

▢ Steps: mounted and secured

▢ DEF cap: secured

▢ Fuel cap: gasket and vent in place, chain secures cap to the tank

▢ Skirting: no damage, panels secure

To be mid-trip and discover your defrost or wipers don't work can be a scary feeling. A suddenly obstructed view with no way to clear it is what the in cab inspection is meant to avoid.

With the average truck eating up $15,000 per year in maintenance and repairs, it's the little things that add up to such a steep number. For example, fixing a windshield can cost anywhere from $500 - $2,000, depending on the truck type and severity of damage. Wiper blades cost $14 - $35 on average, and an AC compressor would cost around $200 to fix/replace . It's easy to see how these numbers add up fast, but waiting until something breaks on the road and taking on the cost of an OOS violation can quickly double and even triple those numbers.

▢ Frame: no illegal welds, not BBC, no rust

▢ Drive Shaft: not BBC, properly mounted, not twisted, and the U-joints are clean

▢ Universal joint: not BBC

▢ Differential: no leaks

Rusting frames and chassis can be prevented and stopped in their tracks with preventative protective sprays . To protect a drive shaft, keep it free of dirt and debris and make sure it's well lubricated. The price of a new driveshaft is around $1,200 . The cost of checking it during pre-trip is free. Remember, the purpose of a pre trip inspection Class A is to not only keep you safe but to spot mechanical issues before they get worse.

▢ Bolts/Bracket: all accounted for and secure, not broken or bent

▢ Locking pins: all accounted for and secure, not broken or bent

▢ Release Handle: releases freely and is in the locked position.

▢ Apron: no cracks, no gap between apron and 5th wheel plate, securely fastened

▢ Skid Plate: no cracks, properly greased, securely mounted

▢ Platform: securely mounted, not cracked or broken, no illegal welds

▢ Kingpin/Locking Jaws: locking jaws are wrapped around kingpin, which is straight with no chips or welds

▢ Air Lines: securely mounted at both ends. Lines are free of cuts, no audible leaks.

▢ Electrical line: secured at both ends. Lines are free of cuts, no audible leaks.

The consequence of worn brackets or pins is accidental uncoupling, otherwise known as dropping a trailer. Not only can this cause accidents, but it can damage the trailer and the cargo inside. In these cases, the carrier is almost always liable for any damages.

▢ Header Board: properly mounted and secured, not BBC, no missing rivets

▢ Clearance lights: not loose, cracked, or dirty 

▢ Top rail: No cracks or collision damage.

▢ Rivets, holes: no holes, all rivets in place.

▢ Landing gear: properly mounted and secured, not BBC, shoes are present, handle moves freely

▢ DOT tape: covers at least 50%, not dirty or peeling

▢ Floor: no holes

▢ Cross members: none are damaged, missing, or twisting

▢ Tandem release: properly mounted and secured, not BBC

▢  Slide rail: properly mounted and secured, not BBC

▢  Pins: engaged

▢ Clearance lights: not cracked or dirty

▢ Doors: not broken, no holes, seal intact

▢ Hinges:   securely mounted, not BBC

▢ Door handles and rods: securely mounted, functioning properly

▢ Lights: securely mounted, not cracked or dirty

▢ DOT tape: clean, covers 100% of the backside of the trailer

▢ Bumper: properly secured, not BBC

The trailer keeps your precious cargo safe. Issues with the cross members, flooring, or doors leave cargo unsecured and exposed to the elements. Of this list, the most expensive fix is replacing or repairing cross members. Just one broken cross member puts a truck OOS, and repair/replacement costs thousands , mostly in labor. How can they get damaged?

• sloppy hooking/unhooking
• exposure to the elements
• uneven loading
• punctures from inside the trailer
• blown tires

If you notice trailer damage during your Class A pre-trip inspection, you'll have to get it fixed before taking any more loads.

▢ Air pressure: set to proper operating range, no warning lights

▢ Temperature gauge: rising to proper operating range, no warnings

▢ Oil pressure: rising to proper operating range (25-50 PSI), no warnings

▢ Voltmeter: operational, 13 - 14 volts

▢ Dashboard light indicators: check the indicators for the high beams, turn signals, and flashers.

▢ Fuel: gauge matches visual compared to looking in the tank

▢ Tachometer: 1000-1500

▢ Water temperature: 180-205 degrees

▢ Def level: minimum of one light bar

If these gauges don't pass the pre trip inspection Class A checklist, it's likely due to faulty wiring or a fuse issue. You'll have to identify the source or take it to someone who can.

Simple electrical fixes can be done on your own. At a mechanic, a blown fuse costs around $100 to repair, and a full rewiring can cost anywhere from $1,000 - $2,000 .

Preventative maintenance includes replacing old connections with more modern technology and having circuit protectors checked during regular maintenance.

A DVIR, or Driver's Daily Vehicle Inspection Report, is the form that drivers fill out during the Class A pre-trip inspection and at the end of their day. It's designed to keep the company informed of any missing or damaged parts of the truck, keep maintenance costs as low as possible, and keep trucks on the road safely.

Drivers should keep their completed forms accessible and stored for up to 6 months, just in case they're asked to pull them for reference.

Most Common Issues Found During Pre Trip Inspection

Below are the most common issues found while running through a CDL pre trip inspection checklist. If left unchecked, these things can lead to getting pulled over and receiving a violation, or worse, causing a breakdown where you or others are hurt. 

Here's a run-through of what to do if you run into these common issues and how to avoid them."

Broken Lights

What to Do:

The first of the three L's (lights, leaks, and leans), broken lights are an easy way to get pulled over and trigger a full-blown roadside inspection. If you notice an issue with one of the many lights during your truck inspection, you're required (and it's in your best interest) to get a replacement immediately.

How to Avoid This:

Obviously, there's no way to avoid lights going out. However, you can avoid faulty reflectors by getting regular washes, especially if you've driven somewhere rural or salted. Shippers appreciate a clean truck, too.

Maintenance as a Money Saver:

Lighting violations are known as ""gateway violations"" because they open the door to law enforcement noticing other things wrong with the truck. This makes staying on top of maintenance even more pressing. For example, most new reflectors cost around $5 each . If you get pulled over for missing or faulty reflectors, it could trigger an inspection that makes you A) sit still and waste hours, B) miss your appointments, C) end up OOS, and D) get in trouble with your company.

Leaning is the second of the three L's. A leaning truck could indicate

• tire problems
• faulty suspension
• worn spring bushings
• airbag issues

The first step is to check out the above mechanisms yourself for any noticeable worn springs or airbag problems. To avoid damaging any equipment even further, go to the shop after your pre-trip inspection and get it checked out.

Uneven loading puts excess strain on the truck and can cause leaning over time. You have every right to ask shippers to fix uneven or shoddy loading.

A new leaf spring is one common solution to fixing a leaning truck. Costing anywhere from $80 - $450 , it's a solid first step compared to full suspension repair which costs $1,000 - $2,000.

The last of the three L's are leaks. When you look on the ground near the engine, do you see any puddles or fluids? There are three common sources:

• power steering
• water leaks
• brake fluid

Identify the source. What type of liquid is it? Does it smell? How big is the puddle? Is the radiator cap secured and not broken? If you can identify the problem and fix it - great. If not, make a call to the nearest shop.

The reason you check every bolt and hose on the pre trip inspection Class A checklist is to avoid these mystery leaks. Preventative maintenance is key.

Maintenance as a Money Saver: 

It's a lot cheaper to replace nuts and bolts than it is to replace an entire system that's been damaged due to ongoing leaking. Driving with a leaking radiator can damage engine bay components and require repairs to a chain of other parts. If the problem was the radiator gasket, for example, the cost of a replacement would only be around $40 .

The limit for tread depth is 4/32" on steer tires and 2/32" on others to pass a Class A pre trip inspection. Sometimes tires look good during inspection, but after a long haul, treads have worn down too low. 

Tire replacement should be prompt - blowouts happen all the time and can do serious damage to the underside of the trailer. Check if the tire is still under warranty, and have it and any others replaced ASAP.

Make sure tires are always filled to the manufacturer's recommendation and ideally the same PSI in each tire. Note that tread loss accelerates in extreme heat. Tires gain about 1 pound of pressure every 10 degrees as the temperature increases. Asphalt can be 20-50 degrees hotter than the air; keep that in mind before thinking any bulges or worn tread will be fine.

New big rig tires cost $250 - $600 , or $0.04 per mile. Because of the high cost, many large fleets are opting for imported tires to keep costs down. Research reviews on the brand you have in mind first - many have bad reviews from truckers. Here's a video that shows how much time can be lost by blowing a steer tire.

Overheating

Pull over safely and legally. Give the truck some time to cool down in idle. Try turning the heat on to get some of that heat out of the engine - it will feel uncomfortable but protecting the engine is worth it. Check to see if the radiator is jammed with debris or has bent fins. An overheating truck could be difficult to diagnose, and you'll most likely have to have a mobile mechanic come to you. If you were going up a steep grade, it might have just been the way you were driving.

• Keep the radiator clean
• Check the muffler for soot build-up in older trucks
• Don't use cruise control in hilly areas
• Don't overload the trailer

Constant overheating can be hard to diagnose, and it can make you chronically late to appointments. Regular maintenance and a thorough CDL pre trip inspection Class A are where the little details can be spotted and nipped in the bud.

Cota Systems Make More Money Per Mile CDL Pre-Trip Checklist

We know the struggle of hauling empty or partially full trucks and deadheading between every load. Our solution? Seamlessly connecting truckers with available LTL loads that complement their route and trailer capacity. Free and easy to use, Cota Systems™ platform makes it simple to earn more money per mile. We'll send you available LTL truck loads on your preferred routes as soon as they're posted.

Simply sync all of your favorite load boards into Cota Systems™ for easy browsing and instant notifications.

COTA SYSTEMS™ Mobile App

Cota Systems™ mobile app connects drivers with new loads and their dispatchers no matter where they are.

• Extra loads on the road.
• Scan and send documents.
• Keep track of your earnings.
• Seamless dispatch integration.
• Real-time load notifications.
• Stay connected anywhere.

Staying efficient on the road makes the difference between staying profitable and staying afloat.

Our trucking dispatch software is completely free and feature-rich, saving teams time on paperwork and document sharing. The platform integrates seamlessly with the driver app simplifying everything from load finding to billing.

How Cota Systems™ helps drivers 10X their income:

• Eliminates wasted miles with convenient LTL and partial load boards
• Efficient document uploading and one-click billing
• Communicate with shippers in the same app
• Load board syncing cuts down the time it takes to book a load

Bypass Construction

The DOT 511 traffic app provides state-specific traffic and construction updates. Check for delays on your route to get ahead of detours and lane closures. Each state has their own app, so download it ahead of time.

Why does it matter? If you earn $0.60 per mile on a 400-mile trip, that's $240 earned in roughly 8 hours. Now, say traffic adds 1.5 hours to your trip. You still earn the same $240 AND you don't have the opportunity to pick up another load before you reset. Time is money!"

In 2016, truckers were delayed a total of 1.2 billion hours because of congestion on the road - that's in the billions! Truck bottlenecks are mostly common in major cities. Planning your route ahead of time to avoid traffic delays is crucial to your bottom line.

Weather Apps

Winter and summer storms can eat into income and create seriously dangerous roads. Depending on the weather, you might be able to plan a different route to avoid delays or change the time and place you stop to rest. The AccuWeather app is a popular choice among drivers. 

The horror stories of drivers getting stuck at a rest stop for days or getting blown over by strong winds paint the ugly picture of the weather as a driver's biggest opponent.

Truck Parking

After finishing your Class A CDL pre trip inspection, take a few minutes to map out overnight parking spots along your route. American Truck Parking does a good job of showing truck stops and rest areas that offer overnight parking, as well as the pricing, pictures, and other amenities. You can filter out for gated parking spots, CAT scales, showers, truck washes, and much more. Compare pricing beforehand and save yourself the cash!

Dock Details

Headed to a new shed? Check them out on Dock 411 to confirm things like pallet restrictions and hours of operation. Not sure if you can fit? Most places have pictures that other drivers took or reviews about slow loading and yard hazards.

The benefit? This helps plan things like getting lunch, calculating hours, and knowing whether or not you even want to take a certain load. If you see reviews that a shed has an average 7-hour loading time (the standard is 2.5 hours ), you can have a conversation with dispatch early on to make a game plan regarding detention and/or layovers.

Gas Buddy helps truckers find the cheapest gas prices along their route. While you're looking, you can see what stops have showers, food, repairmen, and other amenities so you can save time at a 1-stop shop.

For reference, the average owner-operator spends $45,605 on fuel per year ( 2022 ). Company drivers don't usually have this problem since they have discounted fuel cards. (You can get fuel cards with Cota Systems , too).

Legally Bypass Inspection Sites

Did we mention that time is money? Another way to save time is with Drivewyze , an in-cab app for driver devices that provides inspection bypass opportunities at 884 weigh stations across the states. When bypass isn't allowed, they have an e-inspection system that speeds up the process and avoids long lines. It sounds too good to be true, but it's 100% legal and works 89% of the time. Prepass is another company that offers this service.

Weigh station stops can take anywhere from 30 minutes to a few hours if lines are long or they find something wrong with your truck. That 30-minute stop could have earned you $15 (at $0.60/mile for 25 miles). Doing so every day could cost you $300/month, and that's IF the stops only take 30 minutes!

Most drivers use a combination of navigation apps. Hammer and Google Maps are popular choices. Systems made specifically for truckers won't take you down prohibited roads - that's why Google Maps alone might not cut it.

Health Apps

Recent studies found that workers who take care of their mental health average 9.3 fewer sick days per year than workers who don't. The life expectancy of truck drivers is 61 years , partly due to their unhealthy lifestyle and work-related stress. Your health is just as important as any CDL pre-trip list. Obesity is one of the most prevalent health issues in the trucking industry for long-haul drivers. These healthy habits can save you down the line:

• Skip the fast food, sugary snacks, and sodas.
• Find a way to manage your stress. Talking to a friend while you drive or finding a podcast that you enjoy are two common solutions.
• Exercise during home days focusing on your back.
• Switch up your stimulants. Instead of Redbull every day, try green tea, coffee, or Yerba Mate a few days per week.

Try out some apps like MyFitnessPal for weight loss and nutrient tracking or Luminosity for mental health support.

OTR drivers can take advantage of toll services like Prepass (which also serves as a weigh station bypass) and Best Pass , a prepaid transponder system. If a toll company isn't covered, it's best to just use cash and keep your receipt. A few tips:

• Take a second to review toll prices on your trip. Any tolls should be factored in when dispatch discusses rates, especially in cities.
• Find and join any toll discount program you can find (take the New York toll reimbursement program, for example)
• Best Pass offers cash toll discounts, but you should verify that the transponder rate wouldn't have been the same (and much faster).

How to Remember Pre Trip Inspection CDL Checklist

Start with our printable CDL pre trip inspection cheat sheet and repeat, repeat, repeat. Use the same checklist every time so your brain can get into that rhythm. Remember the acronyms:

BBC: Bent, broken, or cracked

ABC: Abrasions, bruises, cuts

PFL: Peak for leaks

3 L's: Lights, leaks, leans

Understanding the mechanics of the truck and how everything works together will help your brain form stronger connections and remember more. Try explaining the process to your wife, kids, or friends (even if they won't remember) so you can spot areas you need to study the CDL pre trip inspection PDF more.

What is the item most commonly overlooked during a pre trip inspection?

A few items on the CDL pre trip inspection checklist trip up new drivers most often:

• Chocks: During your CDL class a pre trip inspection, you'll have the vehicle on and off, and be testing various brake systems. Chocks prevent the truck from moving around while you're underneath and walking around.
• Seatbelts: It's often the last thing on a new driver's mind on the long list of items to inspect. But, your life depends on it.
• Emergency Kit: Especially if you drive a shared truck, you don't know if the previous driver used up anything in the kit. Just because you see the kit doesn't mean everything is present and functional.
• Reflectors: Reflectors help other vehicles see you at night. Because there are so many, drivers rush through this check or give them a quick glance. These are another "gateway violation" that can get you pulled over and given a roadside inspection.
• Wheel Lug Nuts: Loose wheel fasteners could have your tires speeding down the freeway toward other cars and trucks. Double-check that all lug nuts are fastened and free of rust.
• Personal Health: Remember the figures we mentioned about truck driver life expectancy. Put your health first, and don't drive if you feel sick and feverish.

This is all about the safety of you and others. Keep your pre trip inspection Class A cheat sheet with you and go through the same, thorough motions every time.

CDL Class B Pre Trip Inspection

The CDL Class B pre trip inspection follows virtually the same guidelines as Class A, but they differ in terms of vehicle type. 

Class B includes buses, straight trucks, and smaller commercial vehicles that are typically not designed to tow additional trailers. Items like the 5th wheel and coupling mechanisms are obviously left off. Drivers have to check passenger doors, wheelchair lifts, handrails, emergency exits, and seating for passenger safety.

New Truck Pre-Inspection Checklist Addition

Non owner-operators who are regularly assigned new trucks can't take for granted that everything was left as you might have left it. Add these to your pre-inspection checklist:

• Cab card & book: permits, registration, IFTA paperwork, and cab cards are present and up-to-date
• IFTA Sticker: current year is displayed on both sides of the truck
• Elog Device: present and functional
• Permits: in the cab card book and up to date
• License Plate: front and back plates match
• Medical Card: med card and CDL are on your person or in the truck
• Paper Logbook: backup if E-log stops working
• Inspection sticker: stuck to the side of the truck and up-to-date
• FMCSA Safety Book: within arms reach of the driver's seat

Additional Supplies: load securing equipment, extra coolant and oil, cable cutters, hammer and wrench, hard hat, and steel-toed boots.

Final Notes on Completing Your CDL Pre-Trip Inspection Checklist

So, you're armed with the ultimate CDL pre trip inspection checklist that will help you pass your exam and save on vehicle maintenance. Your truck is your money maker; our goal for this guide is to give drivers the tools to protect their biggest asset and keep the most money in their pockets as they can.

Learn more about how to earn more money and truck driver pay in our blog . Here's another link to the pre trip inspection Class A PDF . Good luck!

I joined Cota Systems to help U.S. truckers grow their businesses. I proudly served in the U.S. Navy, managed some of the largest brands on earth, and I'm excited to share what I've learned with you. Truckers are the backbone of our great nation and when you and your family are thriving, so is America! 🇺🇸

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Complete pre-trip inspection checklist for truck drivers

By The Schneider Guy

Estimated reading time: 4 minutes  

As a truck driver, performing a CDL pre-trip inspection is one of the most common and repeated tasks you will complete. Pre-trip inspections help truck drivers ensure their tractor and trailer are safe to operat e before hitting the road.  

Keep reading to learn what a p re -trip inspection is and what should be on a p re -trip inspection checklist .      

What is a pre-trip inspection?  

A pre-trip inspection includes checking over the tractor and trailer a truck driver will be operating . A pre-trip should be completed before the operation of a vehicle :  

• At the beginning of a driver’s shift.
• Any time a new trailer is picked up.
• After a 10-hour break.

A thorough inspection usually takes anywhere from 30 minutes to one hour and should be logged as on-duty, not driving (line 4) .

How to complete a CDL pre-trip inspection  

CDL pre-trip inspection checklist   

1. passenger-side engine:   .

• Air filter housing: Secure mounting, cover in place.
• Windshield washer fluid reservoir: No leaks, proper fluid level.
• Turbocharger: No oil or exhaust leaks.
• Engine air ductwork: No cuts, clamps secured.
• Alternator: Mounting secured, no broken or loose wire.
• Accessory drive belt: Not cracked or frayed.
• Air conditioner compressor: Secure m ounting .

2. Front brakes (covers all five brake components):   

• Brake drum: No cracks.
• Brake lining: No cracks or damage.
• Slack adjuster: Proper angle to the brake chamber, clevis and cotter pin intact.
• Brake air line: No bulges or cuts, fitting tight .
• Brake chamber: Mounting bolts secured, band clamp secured.

3. Front wheel:   

• Tire: ABCs (abrasions, bulges, cuts), pressure = 120 PSI, tread depth = 4/32 min ( DOT ) .
• Wheel: Not cracked or bent.
• Hub oil: Not leaking, at proper level – if it’s a sealed unit, can’t check level.
• Oil seal (outer): Not leaking.
• Valve cap: Not missing.
• Lug nuts: None missing, no streaks or shiny areas, none loose.

4. Driver side of engine:   

• Radiator brace: No cracks or missing bolts.
• Radiator: Not leaking, secure mounting.
• Water pump: No cracks, not loose or leaking.
• Fuel water separator/filter: Not leaking, secure mounting.
• Pitman arm/drag link: Not cracked, castle nut secured with cotter pin.
• Steering gear box: Secure to frame, not leaking.
• Power steering reservoir: Secure mounting , no leaks, proper level.
• Dipstick: Right level, secured after check.
• Steering shaft: Secure, not loose or damaged.
• Fuel pump: No cracks, not loose or damaged.
• Oil filler cap: Secure, no cracks.
• Engine coolant reservoir: No leaks, proper fluid level.

5. Steer axle suspension:   

• U-bolts: No cracks, no loose or missing nuts.
• Leak spring: No cracks, not loose or shifting.
• Tie rod: Secured with castle nuts and cotter pins.
• Shock absorber: Secure mounting, not leaking oil.
• Axle: Not cracked.

6. Rear suspension:   

• Spring mount: No cracks, secure mounting.
• Tire: ABCs (abrasions, bulges, cuts), pressure = 110 PSI, tread depth = 2/32 min ( DOT ) .
• Airbag (bellows): Fully inflated, secure mounting, not ruptured.

7. Side of cab:   

• Mirrors: Secure m ounting , no broken glass.
• Doors: No damage, glass not broken, hinges secured, opens and closes well.
• Lights and turn signals: Working, not cracked.
• Steps: Mounted, secured to skirting.
• Battery box: Secure m ounting , cover latched.
• DEF cap: Cap secured.
• Fuel cap/tank: Gasket in place, vent in place, chain secures the cap to the tank.
• Side skirting: No damage, panels secure.
• Side box: Secured, safety triangles present.
• Side of sleeper berth: No body damage.
• Sleeper berth window: No cracks.

8. Rear of cab:   

• Electrical cord: No bare wire, no corrosion, check the plug at the end of the cord.
• Air line: Not tangled or worn, rubber grommets not worn, fittings tight.
• Cab shock absorber: Secure mounting, not leaking oil.
• Cab airbag (bellows): Not ruptured, securely mounted.

9. Driveshaft/rear frame:   

• Driveshaft: Not cracked.
• Universal joint: Not cracked, not missing bolts, no shiny areas.
• Differential: Not leaking oil.
• Frame: Straight, no non-factory welds.

10. Fifth wheel area:   

• Pivot pin: Keeper pin and cotter key intact.
• Slider lock pins: Fully engaged.
• Release arm: Not bent.
• Slider rail: No broken welds or missing bolts.
• Slider stop blocks: Welds not broken, not missing bolts.
• 5th wheel platform: Well-greased, tilted down.

11. Front of trailer:   

• Top rail: No cracks or collision damage.
• Clearance lights: Not broken, working properly.
• Registration: Not missing, readable.
• Document box: Not missing or loose.
• Air line /glad hands: No bulges or cuts in air lines, rubber grommets not damaged on glad hands.
• Electric hook up: No broken pins, cover intact.
• PM sticker: Current, legible.
• Height sticker: Legible, legal for route.
• Placard holder: Not broken or missing rivets.
• Tracking device: No cracks or collision damage.

12. Side of trailer:   

• Top rail: Not cracked, no collision damage.
• Clearance light: Not broken, operational.
• Bottom light: Not cracked, no collision damage, no missing bolts.
• Landing gear: Legs straight, no broken welds in bracing, sand pads secured and clean handle in cradle.
• Reflector tape: Clean.
• Side panels: No holes or cuts, no missing rivets.

13. Rear of trailer:   

• Latches: Secured, not damaged.
• Lights: Not broken or missing, operational.
• Splash guard: Brackets and guard secured.
• License plate: Secure and clean, light is working.
• Bumper: Not damaged, no broken welds.
• Door hooks: Not loose, no missing bolts.
• Hinges: Not cracked, no missing bolts on both sides.
• Door seals: No separation, no rubber tubing sticking out.

14. Trailer suspension:   

• Air line: No bulges or cuts, fittings are tight and not rubbing.
• Axle: Not bent or broken.
• Clevis pin/cotter key: Not missing.
• Slack adjuster: Proper angle, clevis pin and cotter pin intact.
• Brake linings: Minimum of ¼ inch thick, not cracked.
• Brake drum: Not cracked.
• Tire: (ABCs), tread depth = 2/32 , air pressure = 110 PSI.
• Spring: Not broken, not shifted.
• Spring mount: No broken welds.
• U bolts: Not loose, not cracked.
• Torque rod: Secure mounting, bushings intact.
• Spring brake chamber: Secure m ounting , band clamp secure.

15. Gauges/inside the truck:   

• Fuel: Matches visual when looking in the tank.
• Def level: Maintain a minimum of one light bar.
• Oil pressure: 25-50 PSI.
• Speedometer: 0-60 MPH.
• Air pressure: 90-120 PSI.

Please note that the list above is just an example. It is important to remember the type of driver you are, the company you work for and the type of truck you drive can impact your CDL pre-trip inspection . Be sure to consult your company guidelines or speak with your leader for more information on your post-trip inspection requirements.  

Get more great driving tips and guides.

Schneider Guy loves the "Big Orange." He's passionate about the trucking industry and connecting people to rewarding careers within it. He's been the eyes and ears of our company since our founding in 1935, and he's excited to interact with prospective and current Schneider associates through "A Slice of Orange."

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Complete CDL Pre-Trip Inspection Checklists for Class A and Class B Drivers

Your fleet is loaded, and the fuel tanks are full – you’re ready to move. Or are you?

If you haven’t completed a pre-trip inspection checklist, you might not be.

The Department of Transportation (DOT) requires all drivers holding a commercial driver’s license (CDL) to complete a pre-trip DOT inspection checklist before operating a commercial vehicle. Usually taking about 10-15 minutes, this inspection checks essential systems such as brakes and steering, as well as tires, mirrors, and emergency equipment.

So how can drivers know what to check? In this article, we’ll run down the DOT requirements for pre-trip inspection checklists, along with key differences between Class A and Class B inspections and even some useful tools that can help make the job easier.

What is a pre-trip inspection checklist?

A pre-trip inspection checklist is a list of items that CDL holders need to review before operating their vehicles. As you may have guessed, this process is known as a pre-trip inspection .

What is a pre-trip inspection?

Pre-trip inspections aren’t just an annoying routine – they’re an important and necessary safety measure that helps ensure that commercial vehicles are up to fleet safety operation standards .

While the scope and contents of a pre-trip inspection checklist vary according to the type of commercial vehicle and its use, you can complete most inspections in about 10-15 minutes. Checklist items generally include assessing the operational condition of anything the driver and vehicle need to operate the vehicle safely . This usually includes things like an air brake check, along with checking lights, tire pressure, couplings, and so on.

Drivers must also record their inspection results in a driver vehicle inspection report (DVIR), which is usually automated (or at least streamlined) in companies with established fleet management tools. Periodic inspection requirements require additional pre-trip inspections every 24 hours of continuous use or whenever the driver changes vehicles.

It may seem like a lot to review, but most of it boils down to common sense. Before you start crawling under the nearest truck, however, you may want to see whether you have to perform a pre-trip inspection in the first place!

Who needs to complete a pre-trip inspection?

Pre-trip inspections are mandatory for both Class A and Class B commercial driver’s license (CDL) holders.

If you’re a CDL holder, you probably already know which Class you fall into. But just in case, here’s a quick refresher on the types and weights of vehicles that different classes of CDL holders can operate.

• The Class A CDL applies to commercial vehicles weighing at least 26,001 pounds that can tow at least 10,000 pounds. This usually encompasses most towing commercial vehicles such as big rigs, tractor-trailers , and flatbeds.
• The Class B CDL applies to commercial vehicles weighing at least 26,001 pounds that can tow no more than 10,000 pounds. This usually encompasses most non-towing commercial vehicles, such as passenger buses, garbage trucks, and delivery trucks.

While there is also a Class C CDL, this usually extends to specialty vehicles not found under either Class A or Class B (such as hazardous waste transport). However, since their detailed inspection procedures are highly specific and beyond the scope of this article, we won’t cover them here.

But what’s involved in Class A and Class B inspections, and how can they differ?

Class A vs. Class B pre-trip inspections

While Class A and Class B vehicles share many of the same detailed inspection procedures (every commercial vehicle has brake lights, after all), each class and vehicle type has its own inspection procedures.

• Class A and Class B commercial vehicles share many common inspection items, such as front and rear suspension, brake lights, minimum brake pad thickness, oil level, etc. These are usually items that apply to any type of road vehicle.
• Class A inspection items are usually those related to towing systems in commercial vehicles, such as the trailer parking brake, coupling areas, etc. These inspection standards usually extend to the trailer, flatbed, or any other object that the truck is towing.
• Class B inspection items are usually those related to non-towing commercial vehicles. As this is a very broad category, some Class B vehicles may not require any additional inspections, while others may have several specific systems to inspect. In the case of the latter, these are usually items specific to the vehicle itself, such as checking for broken seat frames in passenger areas of a bus.

Of course, there’s much more to each pre-trip vehicle inspection than the handful of key differences we’ve listed here. In the next section, we’ll run down the pre-trip inspection process that applies to nearly every commercial vehicle and then detail more class-specific motor vehicle safety inspections.

CDL pre-trip inspection checklist

The standard CDL pre-trip DOT inspection checklist includes everything a commercial motor vehicle needs to navigate the road safely.

These are generally suspension- and engine-related items that would just as well apply to a regular car. As a general rule, a commercial pre-trip inspection test almost always includes the following motor vehicle safety inspections.

Brake system

There’s nothing more important than your vehicle’s air brakes. Note that the following air brake tests apply to both tractor brakes and trailer brakes on Class A commercial vehicles.

• Brake linings and brake pads: Brake pads should be no less than the minimum thickness of one-quarter inch (¼”). Also, be sure to check linings for oil and debris.
• Brake chamber: The brake chamber should be completely sealed with no audible air leaks.
• Air brake hose: No air should leak from the brake hose, and the line should be properly mounted and free of cuts or splits.
• Brake drum: Should not be blue from excessive heat.
• Hand brake: Push rods should have no more than one inch (1”) of play in either direction and stand up 90 degrees when pulled.

Depending on the vehicle, these items are usually checked with a 9-step, 7-step, or 5-step brake test. These tests usually involve pressing the brake pedal, service brake, hand brake, or foot brake under various conditions and seeing whether air pressure recovers to the proper level in time (see your vehicle’s operating guide).

For example, drivers can check for low air pressure by pressing the brake pedal to fan off the pressure. If repeatedly pressing the brake pedal results in a low pressure buzzer or light indicator, the brake system will require repair.

Engine compartment

Engine compartment inspection items include:

• Fluids: The coolant hose, power steering hose, and any tanks or reservoirs should all be securely mounted and have no leaks. Similarly, a dipstick should indicate that all fluid levels (including oil level and coolant level) are at their proper levels.
• Belts: All belts for compressors, pumps, and alternators should have no cracks or frays and give no more than one-half of an inch (½”) of play.
• Air compressor: Should be securely mounted and functional with no cracks or leaks.
• Water pump: Pump hoses must be properly connected with no leaks.
• Alternator: Wires and belts must be properly connected.

Front of vehicle

Front-of-vehicle inspection items usually include steering equipment such as:

• Steering column or steering shaft: The steering column should be straight and unbroken.
• Steering box: The steering gearbox should be intact, and all connected hoses should be securely mounted with no power steering fluid leaks.
• Tie rod and control arms: Both should be straight.
• Drag link: The rubber should be greased and uncracked.
• Pitman arm: All cotter pins and caste nuts are present, secure, and tight.

Front suspension

Front suspension inspection items include springs, spring mounts, shocks, and suspension airbags.

• Spring mounts and spring hangers: Spring mounts should hold spring hangers securely in place with no signs of wear, cracks, or breakage.
• Leaf springs: Should be secured to hangers with no cracks or breakage.
• Shock absorbers: Should have no leaks, splits, or dry rot in the rubber. Leaks are typically located where the top and bottom pieces overlap.
• U-bolts: Should all be securely fastened around the spring and axle.

Rear of vehicle

The rear of tractor or truck inspection items include the following.

• Driveshaft: Should be straight with unbroken U-joints.
• Exhaust: Should be free of rust with no leaks or excessive soot.
• Frame: Structurally sound with no damages or unauthorized repairs/welds.
• Steps: Structurally sound and mounted properly.
• Mud Flaps: Should be clean, unbroken, and secured at the right height.

Wheels and tires

Wheel and tire inspections check for both proper inflation and overall tire condition, specifically tread depth. Note that this also extends to trailers on Class A vehicles.

• Drive and steer tires: Tire tread should be even with a minimum tread depth of 2/32” on drive tires and a minimum tread depth of 4/32” on steering axle tires. Use an air pressure gauge to check inflation levels against manufacturer inflation levels. Treads and sidewalls should be free of cracks, bulges, and abrasions.
• Wheel rims: No unauthorized repairs or illegal welds.
• Hub seal and axle seals: Should show the axle and hub seal intact with no visible leaks or play.
• Dual spacing: Any dual tires must have enough spacing between them.
• Lug bolt holes: All lug bolt holes should have all lug bolts and lug nuts.
• Valve stem: No audible air leaks.

Lights and reflectors

Light and reflector inspections include everything from running lights to DOT tape and 4-way emergency flashers.

• High and low beams: Ensure both are functional on all forward lights.
• Turn signals: Make sure all are functional for both tractor and trailer.
• Brake lights: Make sure all are functional for both tractor and trailer.
• Running lights and license plate lights: Walk around the truck and make sure all are on.
• 4-way emergency flasher function: Walk around the truck to make sure the 4-way flasher rear and front lights are fully operational.
• Reflector tape and DOT tape: All DOT tape and reflector tape should be clean with no signs of excessive wear.

Driver door and fuel tanks

Cab doors and fuel tanks are often located in the same area on commercial vehicles. Be sure to check the following:

• Door and door hinges: Should be intact and latch completely. The rubber door seal should be clean and uncracked.
• External mirrors and mirror brackets: All external mirrors should be firmly attached to their mirror brackets. External mirrors should also be clean and uncracked. Also, be sure to adjust external mirrors and mirror brackets to provide an adequate rear view.
• Steps: Should be securely mounted and able to support the weight.
• Fuel tank: No leaks, with cap and seal unbroken and intact.

In-cab items

Cab inspection usually covers the following items:

• Steering wheel: Fully attached to steering column.
• Gauges: Check that air gauges, oil pressure gauges, and any other gauges for operation function normally within their operating range. Air pressure gauges should build pressure to the governor cut out during an applied pressure test.
• Warning lights: Lights should show clearly for any lighting indicators, such as ABS lights or oil pressure indicators.
• Windshield: Cracks beyond one inch (1”) are not permitted. Windshield wipers should be clean and work properly, and the truck should have enough windshield washer fluid.
• Seat belt: Should fasten securely.
• City horn and air horns: Both air and city horn should sound properly.
• Heater and defroster: Should heat and function properly.

Special checks for Class A and Class B inspections

As we mentioned earlier, a Class A pre-trip truck inspection will usually have different periodic inspection requirements than, say, a Class B pre-trip school bus inspection.

While periodic inspection requirements ultimately come down to the exact type of vehicle (a Class B garbage truck, for example, may require additional inspections for its armature and compactor), the main differences usually come down to trailers vs. passenger areas .

• Trailers share many of the same inspection checklist items as the tractor, specifically the wheels and tires, suspension, and rear of trailer lights and reflectors. Also, make sure that the landing gear is not broken and can be fully raised.
• Coupling area inspections include checking air connectors, electrical lines, and nearby glad hands. All mounting equipment, such as the fifth-wheel plate, kingpin, mounting bolts, skid plate, release arm, and locking jaw and pins, should be present, secure, and in good condition.
• Rear of truck suspension inspections share many of the same items as those of front inspections but with special attention paid to the torque arm (or radius rod), which should be mounted securely with intact brushings.
• Passenger items such as seating, passenger doors, and any wheelchair lifts should all be secure and in working order. Emergency exits should also be clearly labeled and sound an alarm when opened.
• School bus items include all of the passenger items listed above, with the addition of checking student loading lights, stop arm, student rear-view mirror, and a recent first aid and body fluid cleanup kit.

Pre-trip inspections made easy with CalAmp

With fleet management software from CalAmp, you can spend less time filling out pre-trip inspection reports and more time on the road. Request a demo today to see just how easy it is to use CalAmp’s pre-trip inspection tools!

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• Pre-Trip Inspection Checklist

This article was published on: 02/28/22 by the Robert Hall

Each day, your fleet drivers perform their tasks like clockwork. Whether they’re making deliveries to clients or hauling freight hundreds of miles away, your drivers have their work cut out for them to stay safe and efficient. One of the best ways to improve safety and efficiency every day is with a vehicle pre-trip inspection checklist. 

A pre-trip inspection checklist provides many benefits to your drivers. A proper checklist combined with a modern cataloging process can benefit your entire business, too. Read on to learn the essential parts of every pre-trip checklist: 

1. Odometer Readings

At the top of your driver’s pre-trip inspection checklist should be checking and recording the odometer reading. You’ll be able to compare this number to the reading at the end of the trip to ensure your drivers are completing their trips in the shortest route possible, which can save your company money on fuel costs. 

Checking the odometer also helps you keep track of your preventive maintenance schedule. If you know your trucks need an oil change or any other type of maintenance after a certain number of miles, the odometer reading will tell you without any question whether it’s time to bring a truck into the shop. 

2. Key Safety Features

The pre-trip inspection is the perfect opportunity for your driver to inspect their vehicle’s safety features. These features can be the difference between life and death when your drivers are on the open road, especially during times of inclement weather. Make sure your pre-trip checklist includes the following:

• Check the load security to ensure safe transport. 
• Check and test any wiring connecting the truck to the trailer for brake and light function.
• Test the functioning of all seat belts. 
• Make sure doors open and close properly. 
• Test windshield wipers to ensure clear sight during rain or snow.
• Check mirrors and put them in the proper positions for clear sight around the vehicle. 
• Make sure there is an emergency medical kit on hand. 

A comprehensive pre-trip checklist is full of important safety checks, and one of the most important of these is checking the vehicle’s tires. Tires are the key to getting each driver to their destination. Making sure your fleet’s tires are in good shape can prevent downtime and increase driver safety. 

When inspecting tires before a trip, drivers should check for proper pounds per square inch (PSI) of inflation. This will ensure the longevity of the tires while also helping your vehicles get more efficient gas mileage. Drivers should also inspect the tire tread depth. Good tread helps tires have more traction on the road and ensures the tires stay far from balding and blowing out. 

4. Lights and Reflectors

If your fleet will be on the road throughout the night, functioning lights and reflectors are a must. Make sure you include checking these features on your drivers’ pre-trip checklist. Your drivers will encounter other people during their travels, and it’s important these other drivers can easily see your fleet on the road. 

On the darkest nights, civilian drivers will rely on the full visibility of your fleet for a safe trip to their destinations. Likewise, your fleet drivers want to reach clients on time without any accidents. Have your drivers check all lights and reflectors before getting behind the wheel to ensure maximum security during transit. 

5. Overall Vehicle Condition

This may sound basic, but taking a walk around the vehicle and giving it a visual inspection is an important and often overlooked part of pre-trip inspections. Your drivers should get into the habit of checking the body of their vehicle for scratches, dents and other issues. 

Making notes and taking pictures of these possible safety concerns can help drivers manage their safety liability and prevent more serious issues while on the road. This is also crucial if your drivers spend lengths of time parked or if drivers change vehicles at any time. Tracking the chain of custody with visual inspections will let you know when the damage occurred and help you fix any safety issues as soon as possible. 

Always make sure your fleet’s fluids are at appropriate levels like you would with your personal vehicles. Keeping track of fluids like engine oil, coolant and windshield washer fluid could make the difference between a vehicle that performs well on every trip and one that is constantly breaking down. Minimize repairs and keep your drivers as efficient as possible by making fluid checks a part of your pre-trip checklist. 

Every vehicle pre-trip inspection checklist should also include inspecting the battery. Your drivers may assume their vehicle’s batteries are fine if the vehicle starts. And while this does mean the battery is functioning, inspecting the battery can reveal other issues that could lead to unnecessary downtime. 

Have your drivers check the battery mounting hardware, cables and terminals before every trip. Doing this will allow drivers to detect signs of corrosion and establish better connections where loose connections may be. Every driver should document any voltage issues so your maintenance crew can address the issue as soon as possible. 

Functioning brakes are essential for every moving vehicle on the road. This is even more true for operations that rely on fleets of vehicles to stay in business. Your pre-trip checklist must include a comprehensive brake inspection to ensure the safety of your drivers — and other drivers — when going from point A to point B. 

If your drivers discover any issues during the brake inspection, they can document them and let maintenance know. This can decrease downtime and ensure your drivers stay as safe as possible. The last thing you want is a faulty set of brakes when one of your drivers needs them most.   

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CDL Class A w/Air Pre-Trip Inspection Checklist

Pre-trip inspection class a with air brakes.

Once you have completed the federally required Entry Level Driver Training (ELDT) theory and behind the wheel (road and range) mandated training, the next step to gaining your Commercial Driver's License (CDL) are the three basic skills formal tests . The three test and the order for which they must be completed are as follows: the Pre-Trip, Basic Skills (backing manurers), and the Road Course. This article discusses the Pre-Trip Inspection.

During the Pre-Trip Inspection skills test for the air brake equipped Class A Tractor and Trailer, you will have about 95 items to check on a tractor with 2 axles and 2 trailer axles.

A full step by step video demonstration of the Pre-trip inspection procedure. A written checklist can be found below the video to help with your study.

When you are completing the inspection test, you must name and point to or touch each item, and fully explain what you are inspecting (you must ensure the tester knows what you are referring to). You will be graded on whether you know what to check each part for, and not necessarily that you know the specific names of the parts. You will have to check each axle as outlined.  There is no order or sequence to the test. If you miss a part, you can go back and identify it.

You cannot use any assistance during the Pre-Trip Inspection Test required for gaining your CDL -- you will be completing the inspection checklist by memory, so ensure you know your stuff!

At the end of this checklist, you will find procedural videos to assist you in understanding the requirements for successfully completing the Class A with Air Brakes Pre-Trip Inspection. Utilizing both the written checklist and the demonstration videos in your study will greatly increase your chance of achieving a passing grade on the Pre-Trip Inspection portion of your Basic Skills test.

Pre-Trip Inspection Class A Checklist Items

This order starts in the engine compartment and inspects only the axles on the driver’s side of the truck. The test requires you to only inspect the driver side unless the item is only on the passenger side; for example, parts in engine compartment and exhaust system.

Engine Compartment

• make sure level is between add and full.
• level is sufficient for operation, between hot and cold mark.
• level is between add and full.
• must say that pump is gear driven, working properly.
• not leaking, securely mounted.
• securely mounted, bolts tight, not leaking.
• belt driven, belt not cracked or frayed, tension is between ½” and ¾”.
• securely mounted, bolts tight.
• wire secure into back of alternator.
• secure to engine, bolts tight, hoses secure.
• must say that it is gear driven.
• works properly, not leaking.
• check under vehicle for oil puddles.
• check motor for excessive leaks.
• check hoses for splits, cuts.
• make sure all clamps are tight.
• check all hoses for leaks.
• make sure to check both sides of engine for leaks/hoses.

Front Truck Axle

• secure, bolts tight.
• not leaking.
• not cut, pinched or leaking.
• fittings are secure, not cracked or broken.
• not bent, bolts tight, no cracks, cotter pins in place, sockets are not worn or loose.
• must check from steering box to wheel.
• none broken.
• all in alignment.
• not rusted.
• nuts tight.
• not broke or rusted.
• not shifted.
• check front and rear mount for cracks and rust.
• check for tight or missing bolts.
• make sure bushings are not torn or missing.
• straight (not bent).
• bolts tight.
• not kinked, cut, swollen or leaking.
• fittings secure.
• not bent, broke or leaking.
• not cracked, dented, rusted or leaking.
• must check clamp ; secure, tight and in place.
• pins in place holding slack adjuster to push rod.
• straight, not broken.
• no more than 1”adjustment (movement) on the push rod .
• Straight, not broken.
• no holes, cracks or welds.
• bolts tight, none missing.
• no signs of grease or oil.
• shoes are sufficient, more than ¼” pad.
• no cracks, no chipped pads.
• no fluid, grease or oil.
• 4/32” tread depth.
• no cuts or bubbles on side walls.
• check top of tire for even wear and flat spots.
• check pressure with gauge.
• check valve stem is not cracked, broke, leaking or twisted and secured with cap.
• no aftermarket welds.
• none missing.
• not loose, no cracks or distorted lug bolt holes.
• no signs of rust trails.
• no loose or missing bolts.
• proper fluid level (if sight glass is installed).

Side of Cab

• door hinges are secure, bolts tight.
• handle works, no damage to side.
• seal is in tack and not torn.
• opens and closes properly.
• securely mounted, brackets not damages, bolts in place.
• mirror is clean, and not broken.
• no fluid or debris on steps.
• straps are secure
• cap is on tight with chain and seal in place.
• must check tank & cap for leaking.
• bracket secure.
• cap is on tight.
• no signs of soot (leaking).
• securely mounted.
• all clamps are tight.
• must check whole exhaust system from the turbo to the top of stack.

Rear of Cab

• no cracks, straight.
• bolts are all tight.
• must also check cross members for same.
• not pinched, cracked, swollen.
• securely hanging, not rubbing.
• metal fittings at tractor secure, not broken.
• rubber grommets at trailer not dirty, pinched or leaking air.
• metal fittings at trailer secure, not broken.
• must check at both ends — tractor and trailer .
• secure, plugged in tight (locked or latched if applicable).
• lines not repaired, taped, cut or pinched.
• securely hanging, not rubbing on frame or cat walk.
• straight, no cracks, bolts are tight.
• U-joint bolts tight and free of foreign objects.
• bolts are tight, not slippery.

Fifth Wheel

• none missing, all tight.
• (bolted to frame) bolts tight, none are missing, not cracked, straight.
• (raised area) no cracks or broken welds, straight.
• in locked (all the way in) position, locking pin is secure if equipped.
• must check there is no gap between 5th wheel plate and trailer apron.
• not broke, dented, chipped, flat.
• sufficiently greased.
• pin is in place at pivot point (side).
• no holes, cracks, chipped and flat.
• look in back of 5th wheel to make sure that jaws are locked around king pin.
• straight, not broke or chipped.
• locking pins fully extended through gear or locking device.
• air-line not kinked, pinched or leaking (if equipped).
• distance between tractor and trailer sufficient for turning without hitting.

Rear Truck Axle

• bushing is not missing or damaged.
• check front and rear mount for cracks.
• not kinked, pinched, weathered or leaking, securely mounted.
• straight, securely mounted, not leaking.
• fitting is secure.
• not cracked or rusted or leaking.
• clamp is secure, tight and in place (must check to get credit).
• no more than 1” adjustment (movement) on the push rod with brakes released (double chamber).
• no holes, cracks, or welds.
• smooth surface, not dented.
• no cracked or chipped pads.
• 2/32” tread depth.
• check pressure with a gauge.
• check valve stem is secure, not cracked, leaking or twisted, and cap is in place.
• no cracks, rust or aftermarket welds.
• none missing, not loose, no signs of rust trails.
• no cracks or distorted lug bolt holes.
• must check there is no debris between tires.
• tires are evenly spaced.
• rims flush (butted) together.
• no cracks or broken welds.
• cross members are straight.
• no holes in trailer floor.
• fully raised.
• no broken welds or cracks, bolts are tight on framing.
• crank handle is secured.
• feet are secure and not broken.
• trailer front has no cracks, holes or dents.
• will secure load in sudden stop.
• no missing bolts or rivets.

Front Rear Trailer Axle-treat same as truck axles .

Rear of Trailer

• opens and closes.
• no cracks, not bent.
• hinge secure, not broken.
• seal in place, not torn (if equipped).
• mud flaps are not torn.
• bolted securely.
• length is sufficient.

Cab Compartment/Engine Start (need to demonstrate all mechanisms)

• if equipped, ABS light should go on and off when you turn the key on.
• if ABS light stays on, then the ABS system is not working properly.
• if equipped, DEF light should go on and off when you turn the key on.
• if DEF light stays on, then there is less than 1/8 fluid level in the DEF tank.
• push in clutch & make sure shifter is in neutral before starting engine.
• if automatic transmission make sure vehicle is in neutral.
• needle moves, check temperature gauge for operation and in safe range.
• check voltmeter for operation and in safe range.
• needle indicating charging.
• needle moves, check oil pressure gauge for operation and in safe range.
• working properly, pressure builds to 120 psi — MUST SAY: governor cut out, or purges.
• must have air pressure built up, and check parking brake by applying and putting truck in low gear or drive (for automatic) and try to move (gently).
• must check both tractor and trailer parking brake individually.
• pull forward at 5 mph and stop with foot brake, check for no pull left or right.
• must be clean.
• no cracks, chips or stickers.
• seal is secure with no leaks.
• no stickers.
• mirrors are adjusted.
• operate properly (must turn on).
• rubber blades are not cracked with good contact to windshield.
• medal arms are secure, no damage.
• washer fluid operates (squirts).
• on dash, check left & right turn arrow.
• 4 way flashers.
• high/low beam indicator.
• blow air and electric horn.
• must turn to hot and feel for air from vents.
• turn on defroster to make sure it works properly.
• feel for air to blow from vent at windshield.
• Reflective.
• spare fuses or breakers (whichever the truck is equipped with).
• not cut, frayed or torn.
• securely mounted at seat, shoulder and floor ( all points ).
• latches securely.
• Must build air pressure to governor cut-out or purges.
• turn off engine, then turn key to on position .
• release both parking brakes (push in truck & trailer valves).
• apply foot brake & keep pressure and LET THE PRESSURE SETTLE. Apply for 1 minute –cannot lose more than 4 pounds in 1 minute, and listen for leaks (must hold for full, timed minute).
• say that low air buzzer will come on at approximately 55 to 60 PSI, pump foot brake (fan) so buzzer will sound.
• say that parking brake will pop out at approximately 20 to 40 PSI, pump foot brake (fan) so buttons pop.

Lights—Amber on Front, Red on Rear ( MUST CHECK ALL LIGHTS , must say color and describe light condition).

• Lights (front of vehicle AMBER )-headlights (high & low beam), right/left turn signal, 4 way flashers, clearance, must turn on, clean, not broken, operating properly.
• Lights (front side of tractor AMBER )-right/left turn signal, put on emergency, flashers, make sure working, amber lenses, not broken, clean.
• Lights (rear of tractor RED )-right/left turn signal, put on 4 way flashers, clearance and brake lights, red lenses, not broken, clean.
• Lights (front side of trailer AMBER )-must turn on, working properly, amber lenses, not broken, clean.
• Lights (rear side of trailer RED )-must turn on, working properly, red lenses, not broken, clean.
• Lights (rear of trailer RED )-must turn on, right/left turn signal, emergency flashers, clearance and brake lights, red lenses, not broken, clean.

Videos are a great way to supplement your learning experience, but attending a certified, formalized truck driving school would be a way of ensuring you gain the knowledge and skills required to achieve your Commercial Driver’s License (CDL). Nothing can replace the actual behind the wheel driving experience! Classes convene regularly, so call (352)794-6080 , and reserve your drive time , now!

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• Steps to Getting Your CDL
• Class A CDL Pre-Trip Inspection w/Air
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• Instructional Videos

All CDL Testing & Training

All SMG CDL testing and training is initiated and completed at Interstate Commercial Driving School (ICDS) located at:

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Tel: (352)795-7170

Fax: (352)795-8723

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What is a Pre-Trip Inspection for Class B CDL?

October 22, 2021

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Key Takeaways

Pre-trip inspections are an important part of a driver’s daily routine. For Class B commercial driver’s license (CDL) holders — many of whom drive passenger-carrying vehicles — a pre-trip inspection can help ensure everyone stays safe. Learn more about what’s involved in a Class B pre-trip inspection.

What is a pre-trip inspection?

A pre-trip inspection is a thorough review and examination of a commercial vehicle's major systems and parts before heading out on a route. Completing the pre-trip inspection is one of the most common and important tasks commercial drivers must perform. Drivers have to perform this vehicle inspection at the start of a new day, every 24-hours, and whenever they change vehicles. After completing this inspection, drivers must complete a driver vehicle inspection report (DVIR) recording the completed inspection.

Pre-trip inspections for class B licensees

The class B commercial driver’s license (CDL) covers both passenger carrying and non-passenger vehicles. These might include straight trucks, box trucks, large passenger buses, dump trucks, waste collection trucks, tractor-trailers and more. Depending on the vehicle driven, the class B pre-trip inspection may have slight variations. 

The Department of Transportation (DOT) requires drivers to perform a pre-trip inspection before driving a commercial vehicle. Similar to Class A CDL holders, the actual daily pre-trip inspection takes about 15 minutes or less. Typically, the inspection includes the following with employer and business-specific inspections.

Brakes and air system

Steering mechanism

Lights and reflectors

Tires, wheels, and rims

Windshield wipers

Rearview mirrors

Emergency equipment

Class B CDL pre-trip inspection checklist

When getting a CDL, passing the pre-trip inspection test is much more intensive than the pre-trip inspections drivers perform while on the job. This pre-trip inspection checklist for a Class B CDL gives drivers an overview of what and how to perform an inspection. Check your state’s CDL manual for a complete list of inspection requirements.

See Class A pre-inspection checklist here.

Engine compartment

Fluids - coolant, oil, and power steering : Reservoirs and tanks should not leak. Check hoses for splits or cuts and that they are securely mounted on both ends. Verify proper fluid levels with a dipstick.

Belts - alternator, pumps, compressor : All belts should be securely mounted without cracks or frays. Belt should have no more than 1/2" to 3/4" of play. 

Hoses (passenger and driver’s sides) : All hoses, including the power steering hose and coolant hose, should be secured on both ends. They should not have splits, cuts, or leaks.

Air compressor: May be difficult to see. Ensure it’s securely mounted, not broken, cracked or leaking.

Alternator : All wires are properly connected.

Water pump : All hoses are properly connected and not leaking. 

Front of vehicle

Steering gearbox and hoses : No damage or leaks. Hose should be secured on both ends. They should not have splits, cuts, or leaks.

Steering shaft/steering column : Not bent or broken.

Pitman arm : All caste nuts and cotter pins are present and tight.

Drag link : Rubber is not split and properly greased.

Upper and lower control arms and tie rod : Tie rod should be secure, not cracked or bent.

Front suspension

Spring mounts/spring hanger : Not cracked or broken

Leaf springs : None are cracked, broken, or shifted.

U-bolts : All accounted for.

Shock absorber : No visible leaks. Leaks will show at the point where the top and bottom of the shock meet. Rubber is not split or shows signs of dry rot.

Airbag : Check rubber for abrasions, cuts or audible leaks plus any missing bolts.

Side of cab and under vehicle

Mirrors and bracket: Hardware attached properly. Mirror should be clean and not broken.

Door and hinges : Demonstrate door operations, latching properly, hinges intact. Door seals should not be torn or rotten. 

Steps : Mounted properly and can hold weight.

Fuel tank: Not leaking; cap is tight with seal intact.

Catwalk (if applicable) : Properly mounted and clear of loose objects.

Baggage compartment (if applicable) :  Demonstrate door operations, latching properly, hinges intact. Door seals should not be torn or rotten. 

Drive shaft : Not twisted, U-joints not broken and free of debris.

Exhaust system: Not loose, no sign of leaks (exterior soot).

Frame : Nothing broken or unauthorized welds.

Brake system (both tractor and trailer)

Brake hose : Securely mounted on both ends. No splits, cuts, and not leaking audibly leaking air.

Brake chamber : Not audibly leaking air.

Slack adjuster and push rod : When brakes are released and pulled by hand, the push rod should have no more than 1” of play. It should stay at a 90° angle to the brake chamber.

Brake drum :  No bluing from excessive heat.

Brake pads/brake lining : Check for oil and debris on the lining. Minimum brake pad thickness is ¼.” 

Wheel system

Wheel rims : No unauthorized or illegal welds.

Steer tires : Look for cuts, bulges, and abrasions on the tread and sidewalls. Tread depth should be a minimum of 4/32”. Tread should be evenly worn. Check inflation levels on tires with an air gauge, filled to manufacturer’s specifications.

Drive tires : Look for cuts, bulges, and abrasions on the tread and sidewalls. Tread depth should be a minimum of 2/32”. Tread should be evenly worn. Check inflation levels on tires with an air gauge, filled to manufacturer’s specifications.

Valve stem . Properly secured, metal cap in place. Not audibly leaking air.

Lug nuts : All accounted for. Check for rust or cracks.

Hub seal/axle seal : Should not be loose. No visible leaks.

Spacing (if applicable) : There must be proper spacing between the tires if equipped with duals.

Rear suspension

Airbag : Check rubber for abrasions, cuts or audible leaks, plus any missing mounting bolts.

Torque arm/radius rod : Secure mounting, bushings intact.

Rear of vehicle

Doors and hinges (if applicable): Secured and should open, close and latch properly. Door seals have no separation, no rubber tubing sticking out.

Mudflap : Secured, not missing or broken. At the right height.

Check all lights on the front, both sides, vehicle rear. Turn on to ensure lights and reflectors are working.

Running lights : Walk around the vehicle to examine all.

High beams/low beams: Walk around the vehicle to examine all.

Turn signals : Signal both right turn and left turn. Walk around the vehicle to examine all.

Hazards/4-way flashers and clearance light : Walk around the vehicle to examine all.

Brake lights : Ask the examiner to watch brake lights. Confirma they worked using the side mirror. 

License plate lights : Walk around the vehicle to examine all.

Reflector tapes : Clean and not worn. Walk around the vehicle to examine all.

Passenger items

Doors and hinges (if separate from driver door) : Secured and should open, close and latch properly. Door seals have no separation, no rubber tubing sticking out.

Wheelchair lift: No wear, damage, or other abnormal conditions.

Handrails and step lights : Handrail mounted firmly, bolts accounted for. Step lights are all working.

Emergency exits : Labeled and able to open and close. If there is an alarm for the door, ensure it works when the door is open.

Seating : Not torn, securely mounted.

School bus items

Student loading lights: Walk around the vehicle to examine all. None cracked or broken. All lights able to flash.

Stop/safety arm : Able to fully extend with lights 

Student mirror : Secure, not cracked or broken. No obstructions and properly adjusted.

First aid and body fluid cleanup kit : Labeled and stocked with supplies. Nothing expired.

In-cab inspection and air brake test

Seat belt: No rips or frays and should adjust and latch properly.

Lighting indicators : See lights and reflectors section

Oil pressure indicator : Demonstrate normal operating range.

Water temperature gauge : Demonstrate normal operating range.

Air pressure gauges : Build to governor cut out.

Ammeter/voltmeter : Charging between 13 and 14 volts.

Mirrors : Secure, not cracked or broken. No obstructions and properly adjusted.

Windshield : No more than a 1” crack is permitted. Clean and free of debris.

Windshield wipers and washers: Turn on to show they are working properly.

Horns (city and air) : Show they are working properly.

Heater/defroster : Turn on to show they are working properly.

Safety/emergency equipment : Must have fire extinguisher, three red reflective triangles and spare electrical fuses. Extinguisher must be fully charged and secured.

Steering wheel : Secured to steering column.

Foot pedals : Free of grease and debris. No obstructions. 

Hydraulic brake check : Pump the brake pedal several times. Apply pressure to the pedal and hold for five seconds. The pedal should not move.

Air brake check : Air brake devices vary. Drivers must test three components of the air brake check correctly: applied pressure, warning lights and buzzers, and valve pop-outs.

Parking brake: Apply and put the vehicle in low gear and try to move. Drivers must test separate brakes (tractor and trailer) individually.

Service brake : Release brakes. Drive 3 – 5 mph. Apply the service brake and come to a complete stop. Ensure steering does not pull to the left or right when applying the brakes.

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• Texas CDL Permit Training Program
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• TX CDL Pre-Trip Inspection

Texas CDL Pre-Trip Checklist Vehicle Inspection (Walk-Around) Skills Test

First of three texas cdl skills tests - the texas cdl vehicle checklist inspection skills test must be passed prior to being allowed to continue., there are three parts to the texas cdl skills test.

• First Part: Texas CDL PreTrip Inspection on THIS page . . .
• Second Part: Texas CDL Basic Vehicle Control
• Third Part: Texas CDL Road Test

Texas CDL Pre Trip Inspection Diagram

Vehicle Pre-Trip Checklist Inspection - Texas CDL Skills Tests:

Quick study guide to texas cdl pre-trip inspection.

• Engine Compartment
• Cab Check and Engine Start
• Brake Check
• External Cab

1. Texas CDL Engine Compartment Pre-Trip Inspection

• Look for puddles on the ground that would indicate a leak.
• Look for dripping fluids on the underside of the engine and transmission.
• Inspect hoses for "good" condition and leaks.
• Indicate the location of dipstick.
• Make sure the oil level is within safe operating range and above the refill mark.
• a) Checking the reservoir sight glass, or
• b) Removing the radiator cap if the engine is not hot and visually checking the coolant level.
• Indicate the location of the power steering fluid dipstick.
• Confirm that there is an adequate power steering fluid level that is above the refill mark.
• power steering belt
• water pump belt
• alternator belt
• air compressor belt

2. Texas CDL Cab Check and Engine Start - Pre-Trip Inspection

• Manual Transmissions:
• Depress the clutch.
• Place the gearshift lever in neutral.
• Start the engine and then slowly release the clutch.
• Automatic Transmissions:
• Confirm the vehicle is in �park� and start the engine.
• Confirm that the oil pressure gauge is functioning.
• Make sure that the pressure gauge shows increasing or normal oil pressure, otherwise that the warning light goes off.
• If equipped with an oil temperature gauge, it should begin to gradually rise to a normal operating range.
• Confirm that the temperature gauge is working.
• The temperature gauge should begin to climb to the normal operating range.
• The gauges should show the alternator and/or generator charging; otherwise the warning light should be set off.
• Check for proper operation and acceptable readings on the air and vacuum gauges.
• The speedometer should not be obscured or obviously broken.
• Mirrors should be clean and adjusted properly from the inside.
• Windshield should be clean with no illegal stickers, obstructions, or damage to the glass.
• Three red reflective triangles.
• One properly charged and rated fire extinguisher.
• Spare electrical fuses.
• Power steering equipped vehicles: With the engine running, play should not exceed 10 degrees (or about two inches on a 20-inch wheel) before the front left wheel barely moves when you turn the steering wheel back and forth.
• Non-power steering vehicles: Play should not exceed 10 degrees (or about two inches on a 20-inch wheel) when you turn the steering wheel back and forth.
• Check that the wiper arms and blades are not damaged and operate smoothly.
• Windshield washers must operate correctly if the vehicle is equipped.
• Left turn signal
• Right turn signal
• 4-way emergency flashers
• High beam headlight
• Check that air horn and/or electric horn are operational.
• Test that the heater and defroster works.
• Check that the safety belt is securely mounted, adjusts, and latches properly.
• Clearance lights (red on rear, amber elsewhere)
• Headlights (high and low beams)
• Turn signals
• 4-way flashers
• Brake lights
• Red reflectors (on rear) and amber reflectors (elsewhere)

3. Texas CDL Brake Check Pre-Trip Inspection

• Apply parking brake only and shift into a lower gear. Gently pull against the brake by releasing the clutch, and it should hold the vehicle.
• With the engine running, apply the foot brake and hold for five seconds. The pedal should not move (lose pressure) during those five seconds.
• If equipped with a hydraulic brake reserve system, with the key in the off position, depress the brake pedal and listen for the sound of the reserve system electric motor turning on.
• Check that the warning buzzer and light is off.
• Check the proper operation of the foot brake by moving the vehicle forward slowly at about 5 mph and applying the brake firmly.
• With a fully-charged air system, typically at 120 psi, turn the engine off, chock the wheels, release (push in) the parking brake button and trailer air supply button (for combination vehicles) and time the air pressure drop. After the initial drop, the rate of pressure loss should not be more than 2 psi per minute for single vehicles and no more than 3 psi per minute for combination vehicles
• Release (push in) the parking brake and trailer air supply button (for combination vehicles), and apply pressure to the foot brake. After the initial drop in pressure, the rate of pressure loss should be no more than 3 psi per minute for single vehicles and no more than 4 psi per minute for combination vehicles.
• Turn the key to the on position. Rapidly depress and release the foot brake to reduce air tank pressure. The low air pressure warning signal must come on before the pressure drops below 60 psi.
• Continue to rapidly apply and release the service brake pedal further reducing air pressure. The trailer air supply button (for combination vehicles) and parking brake button should pop out when the pressure falls to usually between 20 to 40 psi. This should activate the spring brakes.
• While the engine is operating at 1800 RPM, the pressure should rise from 85 to 100 psi within 45 seconds in dual air systems.
• With normal air pressure, release the parking brake and trailer air supply button (for combination vehicles), move the vehicle forward slowly at about 5 mph and apply the brakes firmly using the brake pedal. Test for any pulling to any one side or delayed stopping action.

4. Texas CDL External Cab | Truck | Bus Pre-Trip Inspection

• Check that the steering box is mounted securely and is not leaking.
• Check for damage to power steering hoses and power steering fluid leaks.
• Check that connecting links, arms, and rods from the steering box to the wheels are not worn and cracked.
• Check that the joints and sockets are not loose or worn and that there are no missing nuts, bolts, or cotter keys.
• Check for shifted, cracked, broken, or even missing leaf springs.
• Check for broken and distorted coil springs.
• If equipped, check the air ride suspension for damage and leaks.
• Look for cracked or broken spring hangers, missing or damaged bushings, and broken, loose, or missing bolts, U-bolts or other axle mounting parts.
• Confirm that the shock absorbers are secure and that there are no leaks.
• Look for missing, loose or broken parts.
• The angle between the adjuster arm and push rod should be not less than 90 degrees when the brakes are applied and when the brakes are released a little over 90 degrees.
• When pulled by hand, the brake rod should not move more than one inch with the brakes released.
• Check that brake chambers are not dented, cracked, or leaking and that they are mounted securely.
• Check for worn, cracked or leaking hoses, lines, and couplings.
• Check for dents, cracks or holes, and loose or missing bolts.
• Brake linings and pads should not be worn thin.
• Where visible, check that a reasonable amount of brake lining is showing.
• Check for damaged or bent rims. Rims cannot have welding repairs.
• Tread depth: need a minimum tread depth of 4/32 on steering axle tires, 2/32 on all other tires.
• Tire condition: Check that tread is evenly worn and without cuts or damage to tread or sidewalls. Valve caps and stems should not be missing, broken, or damaged.
• Tire inflation: Check for proper inflation with a tire gauge or by striking tires with a mallet.
• Check that hub oil/grease seals and axle seals are not leaking.
• Check for any missing lug nuts, cracks, distortions, and for signs of looseness such as rust trails or shiny threads.
• Check for cracked or distorted bolt holes.
• Spacers should not be bent, damaged, or rusted through.
• Spacers should be centered evenly.
• Check doors for any damage and that they open and close properly.
• Hinges should be secure with seals intact.
• Mirrors and mirror brackets should be mounted securely.
• Check for secure tanks, tight caps, and that the tanks or lines don�t leak.
• Check to see that batteries are secure, for tight cable connections, and that cell caps are present.
• Check for signs of excessive corrosion.
• Battery box and cover/door must be secure.
• The drive shaft should not be bent or cracked.
• Couplings should be secure.
• Check system for rust or carbon soot as they are signs of damage or leaks.
• System should be secure and connected tightly.
• Check the longitudinal frame members, cross members, box, and floor for cracks, broken welds, holes or other damage.
• If equipped with mud flaps or splash guards, check that they are mounted securely and not damaged.
• Doors and hinges must open, close, and latch properly from the outside, and should not be damaged.
• Check that any ties, straps, chains, and binders are secure.
• If equipped with a cargo lift, it must be fully retracted and latched securely, and should not be leaking, damaged or missing any parts.
• Check that electrical lines and air hoses are not cut, chafed, spliced, or worn, the steel braid should not show through its outer lining.
• Make sure the lines and hoses are not tangled or dragging against tractor parts.
• Make sure the catwalk is securely bolted to tractor frame.
• Check for loose or missing mounting brackets, clamps, bolts, or nuts. The fifth wheel and the slide mounting must be solidly attached.
• Other types of coupling systems should be inspected for missing or broken components.
• Check that the locking jaws fully close around the kingpin
• On other types of coupling systems the locking mechanism should not have missing or broken parts and should lock securely.
• The platform structure supporting the fifth wheel skid plate should be free of cracks or breaks.
• If equipped with a release arm, check that it engaged and that the safety latch is in place.
• The kingpin should not be bent.
• The visible part of the apron should not be bent, cracked, or broken.
• The trailer should be laying flat on the fifth wheel skid plate without any gap.
• Locking pins should be fully engaged.
• The fifth wheel should be positioned so the tractor frame will not strike the landing gear or the tractor.

5. Texas CDL Trailer Pre-Trip Inspection

• The trailer air connectors should be sealed and in good condition.
• Glad hands should be locked in place and free of damage or air leaks.
• The trailer electrical plug should be firmly seated and locked in place.
• If equipped with a header board, check to see that it is secure, damage-free and strong enough to contain cargo.
• If equipped with a canvas or tarp carrier, it should be mounted and fastened securely.
• Check the front area of enclosed trailers for cracks, bulges or holes.
• The landing gear must be fully raised. Check that it has no missing parts with a non-damaged support frame and that the crank handle is secure.
• Check for air or hydraulic leaks if power operated.
• Check that doors are not damaged and that they open, close, and latch properly from the outside.
• Ties, straps, chains, and binders should be secure.
• Any cargo lifts should be checked for leaking, damaged or missing parts, and should be fully retracted and latched securely.
• The frame, cross members, box, and floor should be checked for holes, cracks, broken welds or other damage.
• If equipped, make sure that the release arm is secured and that the locking pins are locked in place.
• Suspension System
• Doors, Ties and Lift
• Splash Guards

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