baby doctor visits with insurance

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Your baby's checkup schedule: What to expect at doctor visits

There are a lot of doctor visits in your baby's first few years, and they're all important! Your baby's pediatrician will monitor their growth and development, stay on top of their vaccinations, and answer your questions and concerns.

It can seem like you're always headed to the doctor, even when all is well with your baby. But there's good reason for all those appointments.

"There's so much that happens in the first year of life that it's important that nothing gets missed!" explains Chandani DeZure, M.D., a neonatal and pediatric hospitalist at Lucile Packard Children's Hospital/Stanford University Opens a new window in Palo Alto, California and member of the BabyCenter Medical Advisory Board .

"Babies need to be developing and growing appropriately, eating well, and getting vaccinated to protect against diseases so they can thrive as they get older and be as healthy as possible. All this and more happens at regular well-baby checkups," says Dr. DeZure.

Checkups are also the perfect time to ask questions and raise concerns about your baby's sleep habits , crying , poop , breastfeeding , formula feeding , development milestones , and more.

Learn how to find a pediatrician for your baby .

What newborn doctor visits will my baby have?

In the first week, the doctor will want to check your newborn to make sure they're doing well. Then you'll have scheduled visits at 1 and 2 months.

A lot happens right after birth and while you're still at the hospital with your newborn . At birth, the medical team will assess your baby's health and assign an Apgar score – which evaluates your baby's heart rate, breathing, muscle tone, reflex response, and color.

They'll weigh your baby and measure your baby's length and head circumference . These numbers will be recorded on a growth chart , which will be used to keep track of your baby's growth at all future doctor's visits.

Your baby's progress along the growth chart is just one way to evaluate their health. "Growth charts are not intended to be used as a sole diagnostic instrument," explains the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Opens a new window (CDC). "Instead, growth charts are tools that contribute to forming an overall health picture for the child being measured."

At the hospital, your baby will get antibiotic eye ointment (to prevent dangerous eye infections) and a vitamin K shot (to help their blood clot normally and protect them from a rare but dangerous bleeding disorder). They'll also receive their first hepatitis B shot .

Your pediatrician or a pediatric hospitalist will give your newborn a complete physical at the hospital within 24 hours of birth. They'll examine your baby head to toe, checking their skin tone, reflexes, alertness, heart, lungs, and skin (for rashes and jaundice ).

If you're having your baby circumcised , that will be done a day or two after birth.

Your baby will also receive screening tests while at the hospital. These include tests for hearing loss , congenital heart defects , and metabolic disorders (such as PKU and sickle cell disease ). Screening tests are usually done between 24 hours and 48 hours after birth.

Read more about what happens to your baby right after birth .

Your baby's checkup schedule

Some pediatricians' schedules vary slightly, but the American Academy of Pediatrics Opens a new window (AAP) recommends babies get checkups at birth, 3 to 5 days after birth, and then at 1, 2, 4, 6, 9, 12, 15, 18 and 24 months. (Once your baby is a toddler and child, they'll have routine checkups at 30 months, 3 years, and annually after that.)

If you've gotten behind, talk with your child's doctor about a catch-up schedule. "It's particularly important for parents to work with their child's doctor or nurse to make sure they get caught up on missed well-child visits and recommended vaccines," says the CDC Opens a new window . "Making sure that your child sees their doctor for well-child visits and recommended vaccines is one of the best things you can do to protect your child and community from serious diseases that are easily spread."

At each visit, your baby's doctor will:

• Do a complete physical examination, checking your baby's eyes and ears, heart and lungs, head, body, belly, genitals, and hips and legs
• Weigh your baby and take their measurements (length and head circumference). The doctor will chart these numbers on your baby's growth chart and let you know how they're progressing.
• Ask about your baby's eating habits and number of wet and poopy diapers
• Ask about your baby's sleeping habits
• Watch how your baby responds to movement. They'll ask you if you've noticed anything unusual about your baby's eyes or the way they look at things.
• Watch how your baby responds to sounds. The doctor will ask if your baby responds to your voice and other sounds by turning in the direction of the sound.
• Run any appropriate tests (screening and diagnostic), depending on your baby's needs
• Give needed vaccinations
• Chat about your baby's developmental skills, including gross motor skills and fine motor skills , social skills , and language skills
• Answer your questions and concerns

Follow the links below for more detailed information about what to expect at each visit, but here are some highlights:

1-month doctor appointment

At the 1-month checkup , the doctor will check your baby's soft spots (fontanels) and the shape of your baby's head. They'll also review the results of your baby's newborn screening tests.

Your baby may also get their second hepatitis B shot. The first was probably given at birth, and the second shot can be given at the 1- or 2-month visit.

The doctor may also ask about your baby's head control and cooing. They'll also ask how you're doing and ask you some screening questions for postpartum depression . (They'll continue to monitor you for postpartum depression through your baby's 6-month checkup.)

2-month doctor appointment

At the 2-month visit , your baby will receive their first shots of DTaP (diphtheria, tetanus, and pertussis), Hib (haemophilus influenzae type B), IPV ( polio ), and PCV (pneumococcal disease), along with an oral vaccine for RV ( rotavirus ). 

The doctor will check your baby's posture and may ask about their head control, ability to push up , and whether they're smiling voluntarily yet.

4-month doctor appointment

Your baby's 4-month checkup will include another oral dose of the rotavirus vaccine and a second DTaP vaccine. They'll also receive the second dose of the IPV, Hib, and PCV vaccines. (Some offices have combination vaccines, so your baby may receive less pokes than they would if each vaccine were given individually.)

The doctor will screen your baby for iron-deficiency anemia and lead poisoning (by asking you questions about breast milk or formula intake and environmental exposures) and test for these if necessary. They may ask what sounds your baby's making and whether they're reaching for and grabbing things . And they'll check your baby's gums and refer you to a dentist to establish  dental care whenever the first tooth erupts .

6-month doctor appointment

At the 6-month checkup , the doctor may talk with you about your baby's readiness to start solids and other developmental strides, such as rolling over and babbling.

The third hepatitis B, DTaP, Hib, PCV, and IPV vaccines are typically given at 6 months, along with an oral rotavirus vaccine. Your baby can also get their first COVID vaccine now and, if it's flu season, they'll also get a flu shot . Your baby will need a second dose of the flu shot 4 weeks later.

9-month doctor appointment

At their 9-month checkup , your baby will catch up on any missed vaccinations (including a flu shot if it's flu season).

The doctor will check for any new teeth and ask you if your baby is crawling or scooting around, if they know any words , and if they can pick up objects with their thumb and forefinger.

They may remind you of the importance of babyproofing your home now that your baby is mobile.

12-month doctor appointment

At your baby's 12-month checkup , your baby's doctor will order tests to rule out iron-deficiency anemia. Depending on risk factors, they may also offer tests for tuberculosis and lead exposure , if your baby is at risk. And they may ask you if your baby points at things , says words, and stands on their own .

Your baby will also get a handful of vaccines:

• COVID, if the timing is right based on when your baby got their first shot
• Flu, if it's flu season and your baby hasn't been immunized yet.
• MMR (measles, mumps, and rubella), which can be given between 12 and 15 months and again between 4 and 6 years
• Varicella (chickenpox), given between 12 and 15 months and again between 4 and 6 years
• Hepatitis A (HepA), which they can receive between 12 months and 23 months, with a second dose at least 6 months later)
• Hib vaccine. The fourth dose can be given now or anytime between 12 and 15 months.
• PCV. The fourth dose can be given between 12 and 15 months.

Some of these shots will be combined. And your baby's doctor may spread them out between this visit and your baby's 15-month visit.

15-month doctor appointment

Your child's doctor will give your baby a fourth dose of the DTaP vaccine (given between now and 18 months), and – if they haven't already had them – your baby may now get their Hib, PCV, MMR, hepA, and varicella immunizations.

Your child may also get a flu vaccine, if it's flu season, and/or a COVID vaccine, if appropriate.

The doctor may check your baby for new teeth and apply fluoride unless you have a dentist taking care of this. And they may check your child's blood pressure, hearing, and vision.

18-month doctor appointment

At the 18-month check-up , your child's doctor will make sure your toddler is caught up on any missed immunizations and give them another round of DTaP and hepatitis A vaccines. If your child has risk factors for anemia or lead poisoning, the doctor will screen for those.

And they'll ask about your toddler's sleeping, eating, potty-training readiness , walking , and ability to follow simple commands .

24 month doctor appointment

Your toddler's 2-year checkup is a good time to make up any missed immunizations and screen for anemia and/or lead poisoning if your child has risk factors. The doctor will probably ask your child to walk so they can check their gait and coordination.

Your child's doctor may ask about potty training and temper tantrums , and they may encourage you to take your child for a dental checkup if you haven't done so yet.

How can I prepare for my baby's doctor appointments?

Here are some tips:

Consider timing

If possible, schedule your visit at a time when your baby is usually happy (fed, and not on the verge of needing a nap ). If this time coincides with a time when the office isn't usually very busy, even better! This isn't always practical – doctor's offices don't always have appointment times that coincide with your preferences, and your baby may not be on enough of a schedule to make even an educated guess at the best time for them. But it's worth a try.

Dress (both of you) comfortably

Your baby will need to be undressed for their exam, so dress them in something that's easy off/easy on. (Practicality over cuteness today!) Make sure you're dressed for the appointment, too – in something comfortable and that you can easily nurse in, if you're breastfeeding . Bring a sweater for you and your child (or a blanket for your baby), in case the office is chilly (doctor's offices often are).

Pack thoughtfully

Before your appointment, make sure your diaper bag is stocked with everything you might need. This includes diapering supplies ( diapers , wipes , a change of clothes) and feeding supplies (a bottle if you're bottle feeding and snacks if your baby is eating solids), a blankie or other lovey , burp cloths , and a pacifier if your baby uses one. Bring your current insurance information and any other paperwork, too.

Jot things down

The doctor will ask you about your baby: the number of wet and soiled diapers they have each day, how many hours they sleep, and how much and often they eat. They'll ask about motor and language skills, too. When did your baby start rolling over, sitting up, and crawling? Are they babbling yet? It's a good idea to keep ongoing notes about these things, or jot them down before your visit.

Importantly, bring a list of questions you have. These visits are the perfect time to get them answered!

Make sure you tell the doctor about any concerns, too, no matter how small they seem. Do you wonder if your baby sometimes doesn't hear you or if they favor one side of their body when they crawl across the floor? Are you worried that your baby should be walking or talking by now or that they often wake up screaming ? 

Remember that you and the doctor are partners in managing your baby's health. Don't hesitate to give your perspective, and make sure your questions are addressed.

Learn more:

• Everything you need to know about baby poop
• How your baby's skull, skeleton, and bones develop after birth
• The importance of tummy time for your baby
• How to make shots less painful for your baby

Was this article helpful?

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Vaccine schedule for babies and kids

BabyCenter's editorial team is committed to providing the most helpful and trustworthy pregnancy and parenting information in the world. When creating and updating content, we rely on credible sources: respected health organizations, professional groups of doctors and other experts, and published studies in peer-reviewed journals. We believe you should always know the source of the information you're seeing. Learn more about our editorial and medical review policies .

AAP. 2023. AAP schedule of well-child care visits. The American Academy of Pediatrics.  https://www.healthychildren.org/English/family-life/health-management/Pages/Well-Child-Care-A-Check-Up-for-Success.aspx Opens a new window  [Accessed June 2023]

AAP. 2023. All about the recommended immunization schedules. The American Academy of Pediatrics.  https://www.healthychildren.org/English/safety-prevention/immunizations/Pages/Recommended-Immunization-Schedules.aspx Opens a new window  [Accessed June 2023]

AAP. 2023. Recommended childhood and adolescent immunization schedule for 2023. The American Academy of Pediatrics.  https://www.healthychildren.org/English/news/Pages/recommended-childhood-and-adolescent-immunization-schedule-for-2023.aspx Opens a new window  [Accessed June 2023]

AAP. 2023.Vaccines Opens a new window your child needs by age 6. The American Academy of Pediatrics.  https://www.healthychildren.org/English/safety-prevention/immunizations/Pages/Your-Babys-First-Vaccines.aspx Opens a new window  [Accessed June 2023]

AAP. 2022. Why your newborn needs a vitamin K shot. The American Academy of Pediatrics.  https://www.healthychildren.org/English/ages-stages/prenatal/delivery-beyond/Pages/Where-We-Stand-Administration-of-Vitamin-K.aspx Opens a new window  [Accessed June 2023]

AAP. 2022. Your child's checkups. The American Academy of Pediatrics.  https://www.healthychildren.org/English/ages-stages/Your-Childs-Checkups/Pages/default.aspx Opens a new window  [Accessed June 2023]

CDC. 2022. Growth charts. National Center for Health Statistics. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.  https://www.cdc.gov/growthcharts/index.htm Opens a new window  [Accessed June 2023]

CDC. 2023. Stay up to date with COVID-19 vaccines. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.  https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/vaccines/stay-up-to-date.html Opens a new window  [Accessed June 2023]

Nemours KidsHealth. 2022. Your child's checkup: 1 month.  https://kidshealth.org/en/parents/checkup-1mo.html Opens a new window  [Accessed June 2023]

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Child well visits, birth to 15 months

• Child well visit checklist
• Quiz: Child well-being and immunizations

Checking in: Questions to ask at your child's well visits

Welcoming a new child is exciting. But caring for a baby can also leave you with a lot of unanswered questions. Your baby’s care provider can help. From giving immunizations to offering you feeding tips, care providers help your baby grow up healthy. That includes making sure you have the answers and support you need.

A note about immunizations at child well visits

Your child’s care provider will give your baby immunizations during most visits. Immunizations work better and reduce the risk of infection by working with the body's natural defenses to help safely develop immunity to disease. Keeping your baby on schedule is also key, so don’t forget to schedule visits on time.

Learn what to ask at your child's well visits

Preparation is key for a stress-free appointment. Your baby should go to at least 8 child well visits before they are 15 months old. Knowing what will happen at each of these appointments can help you get ready. Knowing what to pack for your visit and questions you might ask when you get there can make your life easier. Watch the videos and view the questions below to get ready for each early child well visit.

Child Well Visits: Newborn

Video transcript.

Screen 1: What to expect at your baby’s appointment – Newborn

Screen 2:  Your newborn will need a checkup before going home.

Screen 3:  What to expect before you leave the hospital:

• Physical checkup (measurements, vitals).
• Screenings: Critical congenital heart defect, vision, hearing, newborn bilirubin, blood (check for disorders).
• Developmental and behavioral assessment.
• Immunizations:  HepB.

Screen 4:  Before you leave:

• Make sure your contact information is current.
• Schedule your next appointment.

Screen 5:  In light of COVID-19, remember to practice social distancing at your well-child visits. Wash your hands often and wear a mask. Contact your care provider with questions about your visit.

Screen 6:  UnitedHealthcare Logo

Your newborn will need a checkup before going home from the hospital. Watch the video to learn what screenings and immunizations you can expect at your child’s first appointment.

3 to 5-day visit

Child well visits: 3 to 5-day visit.

Screen 1: What to expect at your baby’s appointment – 3-5 Days

Screen 2:  Early well-child visits and immunizations set your baby up for a healthy future.

Screen 3:  What to expect at your child’s appointment:

• Physical checkup: Measurements, vitals.
• Umbilical cord examination.
• Screenings: Vision, hearing, blood (check for disorders).
• Review screenings done at birth.

Screen 4:  You’ll also talk about if baby can:

• Suck to eat
• Grasp your finger
• React when startled

Screen 5:  Before you leave:

Screen 6:  In light of COVID-19, remember to practice social distancing at your well-child visits. Wash your hands often and wear a mask. Contact your care provider with questions about your visit.

UnitedHealthcare Logo

Watch the video to get an idea of what to expect at your appointment

In addition, here are some questions you may want to ask:

• How can I keep my baby comfortable and safe from seasonal weather?
• What can I do to make breastfeeding more comfortable for me and baby?
• When will my baby gain more weight?
• Should I always put my baby to sleep on their back?
• How do I care for my baby’s umbilical cord?
• How often should my baby get a bath?
• How do I calm and soothe my baby?

1-month visit

Child well visits: 1 month appointment.

Screen 1: What to expect at your baby’s appointment – 1 Month

• Immunizations: HepB.
• Postpartum depression screening (for mothers).
• Raise hands
• Focus on your face

Screen 7:  UnitedHealthcare Logo

• When will my baby sleep through the night?
• What should I do for the peeling skin on my baby’s head?
• How do I care for my infant's skin?
• What is a normal number of wet or soiled diapers I should change every day?
• Are there programs to help me buy formula or breast pumps?

2-month visit

Child well visits: 2 month appointment.

Screen 1: What to expect at your baby’s appointment – 2 Months

• Physical checkup: (measurements, vitals).
• Screenings: Vision, hearing.
• Immunizations: DTaP, Hib, IPV, RV, HepB, PCV13.
• Developmental assessment.
• Turn and lift head
• Kick while laying on back
• Notice hands
• Follow objects with eyes
• How often should my baby be eating?
• Should I be using formula in addition to breastfeeding?
• How can I keep my baby comfortable after immunizations?
• How can I find childcare I can trust?
• When should I stop swaddling my baby?
• I’ve been feeling sad and anxious since delivering my baby. What should I do?
• What is “tummy time”?

4-month visit

Child well visits: 4 month appointment.

Screen 1: What to expect at your baby’s appointment – 4 Months

• Roll onto tummy
• Reach for objects
• Watch an object move
• Laugh and giggle

Screen 7: UnitedHealthcare Logo

• Is Tylenol safe to give my baby for a fever?
• How can I help my baby have healthy teeth?
• How can I soothe my baby during teething?
• How can we begin to create a sleeping routine?
• How long should my baby spend doing “tummy time” each day?
• How long should my baby nap each day?

6-month visit

Child well visits: 6 month appointment.

Screen 1: What to expect at your baby’s appointment – 6 Months

• Screenings: Vision, hearing, oral health.
• Immunizations: DTaP, Hib, IPV, RV, HepB, PCV13, IIV.
• Roll in both directions
• Play with toes
• Hold a bottle
• Sit with good head control
• When and how should I introduce foods other than breastmilk or formula?
• How can I wean my baby off night feedings?
• How long should my baby use a pacifier?
• Can my baby sleep with a favorite blanket or toy?
• When can my baby start drinking from a sippy cup?

9-month visit

Child well visits: 9 month appointment.

Screen 1: What to expect at your baby’s appointment – 9 Months

• Screenings: Vision, hearing, anemia, lead, oral health.
• Immunizations: IIV.
• Sit unassisted
• Crawl and pull up to stand
• Work to get toys that are out of reach
• I think my baby is behind in development (e.g., crawling). What can I do to help?
• What do I need to babyproof in my home once my baby can crawl?
• Should I be brushing my baby’s new teeth?
• How long should my baby be sleeping at night?
• How long should I let my baby cry at night?

12-month visit

Child well visits: 12 month appointment.

Screen 1: What to expect at your baby’s appointment – 12 Months

• Screenings: Vision, hearing, lead, oral health.
• Immunizations: MMR, HepA, Varicella, PCV13, IIV.
• Walk while holding onto something
• Use gestures to get things
• Eat solid foods with fingers
• Say more than one word
• Respond to name
• What should I do when baby pulls my hair or bites?
• Are my baby’s sleep patterns normal?
• How can I treat diaper rash?
• What can I do about sore arms and back from holding my baby?
• Should my baby nap at the same time each day?
• How do I keep my child safe as they learn to walk and explore?

15-month visit

Child well visits: 15 month appointment.

Screen 1: What to expect at your baby’s appointment – 15 Months

• Immunizations: DTaP, Hib, IIV.
• Walk and run
• Squat and stand back up
• Throw or kick a ball
• Point for things 
• When should my baby switch from a crib to a bed?
• How much juice or milk should my baby be drinking?
• Should my baby have screen time?
• When should my baby go to the dentist?
• When should I switch to a front-facing car seat?

Wellness visits are also important for your child after 15 months

As your child grows, it’s important to continue to have regular checkups with your health care provider. You can view checklists for preventive care visits at every age, from 1 month to adulthood.

Looking for resources to help support you and your child?

• Most health insurance plans cover early child well visits or provide assistance. Call the number on your insurance card for more details.
• If you are a UnitedHealthcare Community Plan member, you may have access to our Healthy First Steps program , which can help you find a care provider, schedule well-child visits, connect with educational and community resources and more. To get started, call 1-800-599-5985 , TTY 711, Monday through Friday, from 8 a.m. to 5 p.m. 1
• If you need help getting to an appointment, or getting formula or healthy food, call the number on your insurance card.
• If you are having a hard time getting food or are experiencing unemployment, your care provider may be able to connect you with resources that can help.

Related content

• Preventive care

More like this:

• What’s preventive care and what’s covered?
• Children's health

Family Life

AAP Schedule of Well-Child Care Visits

Parents know who they should go to when their child is sick. But pediatrician visits are just as important for healthy children.

The Bright Futures /American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) developed a set of comprehensive health guidelines for well-child care, known as the " periodicity schedule ." It is a schedule of screenings and assessments recommended at each well-child visit from infancy through adolescence.

Schedule of well-child visits

• The first week visit (3 to 5 days old)
• 1 month old
• 2 months old
• 4 months old
• 6 months old
• 9 months old
• 12 months old
• 15 months old
• 18 months old
• 2 years old (24 months)
• 2 ½ years old (30 months)
• 3 years old
• 4 years old
• 5 years old
• 6 years old
• 7 years old
• 8 years old
• 9 years old
• 10 years old
• 11 years old
• 12 years old
• 13 years old
• 14 years old
• 15 years old
• 16 years old
• 17 years old
• 18 years old
• 19 years old
• 20 years old
• 21 years old

The benefits of well-child visits

Prevention . Your child gets scheduled immunizations to prevent illness. You also can ask your pediatrician about nutrition and safety in the home and at school.

Tracking growth & development . See how much your child has grown in the time since your last visit, and talk with your doctor about your child's development. You can discuss your child's milestones, social behaviors and learning.

Raising any concerns . Make a list of topics you want to talk about with your child's pediatrician such as development, behavior, sleep, eating or getting along with other family members. Bring your top three to five questions or concerns with you to talk with your pediatrician at the start of the visit.

Team approach . Regular visits create strong, trustworthy relationships among pediatrician, parent and child. The AAP recommends well-child visits as a way for pediatricians and parents to serve the needs of children. This team approach helps develop optimal physical, mental and social health of a child.

More information

Back to School, Back to Doctor

Recommended Immunization Schedules

Milestones Matter: 10 to Watch for by Age 5

Your Child's Checkups

• Bright Futures/AAP Recommendations for Preventive Pediatric Health Care (periodicity schedule)

How Much Does a Well-Baby Doctor Visit Cost?

In order to ensure that your baby is growing properly, it is recommended that you schedule well-baby doctors visits on a regular basis.  In the first year, a baby should see the doctor for 7 well-visits: between 2-5 days after birth, and then at one, two, four, six, nine, and twelve months.  During the second year, the baby will usually visit every three months.

How much does a well-baby delivery visit cost?

Without insurance, the cost of a well-baby doctor’s visit is right around $100.  However, the majority of these visits are covered by insurance and the only thing you will need to pay is your copay, which could range from $5-$25 depending on your insurance provider.   A baby will need a visit during the first week of life, followed by a two-week visit, four-month visit, six-month visit, nine-month visit, and first-year visit.

Without insurance, the cost of immunizations for your baby’s first year will be, on average, a little over $600.  This won’t include the physician fee.  This cost is almost always covered by insurance, however, and some states even do it for free for those without insurance.

According to BMO Harris Bank, the average out-of-pocket medical expenses in the first year is about $1,297 .

Well-baby delivery visit overview

As noted on the charts above, well-baby visits will be done during the first week, first month, second month, fourth month, sixth month and ninth month.

Mayo clinic provides much information regarding what to expect at each of the child’s well-baby check-ups in the first year.

The doctor will take the baby’s measurements including his or her height, weight, and head circumference.  A doctor will use a chart to see how your child is growing compared to other children in the same range.

Your baby’s head will be checked for soft spots as well as external problems such as cradle cap.

The doctor will look in the baby’s ears, mouth, and eyes.

A stethoscope will be used to listen to the baby’s heart and lungs.

The doctor will press and feel the baby’s abdomen to make sure there are no problems with the organs.

The doctor will move the baby’s hips and legs around to see if there are any dislocations or bone problems.

The baby’s genitalia will be checked for a number of different things, such as a hernia.

Immunizations will also be given according to schedule.

During these visits, a pediatrician will ask if the baby is hitting milestones, is active and is eating well.

What are the extra costs?

Some doctor offices charge a “new patient” or “processing” fee for the first visit.

The visits discussed here are only well-baby visits.  If your child becomes ill, the cost will increase.

Tips to know:

When choosing a pediatrician, be sure to ask friends and family for a recommendation.  While the Yellow Pages can help with the search, you’re not going to be able to get a first-hand experience.  Neighbors, friends and family will be more than happy to assist those with recommending a good pediatrician.

Do a background check with your pediatrician to see if any wrongdoings have been done in the past.  The Federation of State Medical Boards (FSMB) can show you if there are serious disciplinary actions, or if there are any bad marks.

It doesn’t hurt to interview a handful of those that you’re interested in.  Before talking with one, make sure that your insurance company works with this doctor.

Take a look around the office.  How clean is the office?  Talk with the staff.  How is the staff?  Are they accommodating?  Do they feel annoyed when you ask them questions during off hour sessions?  Does the pediatrician make you feel stupid when you ask questions?  It’s always best to trust your gut.

Be sure to add your newborn to your health insurance policy within 30 days.

According to the Affordable Care Act, the health care reform law notes that well-baby visits must be covered.

Questions to ask:

How many doctor’s offices do you have?  If there is more than one, ask them why they have more than one.

What are the latest trends with diseases, nutrition and treatments?  What are you doing to help prevent these problems?

What is your experience with working with children?  How long have you been practicing medicine?

Do you have any references that I can talk to?

Is my baby up to date with immunizations?

What can I do to make sure my baby is sleeping healthy?

How much television can my baby watch?

How can I compare prices?

Most people find a doctor based on a friend or family member’s recommendation.

Some insurance companies have a list of recommended doctors from which to choose.

Websites such as pediatricians.com can help you find a pediatrician in your area.  Be hesitant when reading reviews online.  These reviews can commonly be rigged by insiders.

Advertising Disclosure: This content may include referral links. Please read our disclosure policy for more info.

Average Reported Cost: $122

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Well Child visit was $122 with no ins.

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Doctor Visits

Make the Most of Your Child’s Visit to the Doctor (Ages 1 to 4 Years)

Take Action

Young children need to see the doctor or nurse for a “well-child visit” 7 times between ages 1 and 4 years.

A well-child visit (also called a checkup) is when you take your child to the doctor to make sure they’re healthy and developing normally. This is different from visits for sickness or injury.

At a well-child visit, the doctor or nurse can help catch any problems early, when they may be easier to treat. You’ll also have a chance to ask questions about things like your child’s behavior, eating habits, and sleeping habits.

Learn what to expect so you can make the most of each visit.

Well-Child Visits

How often do i need to take my child for well-child visits.

Young children grow quickly, so they need to visit the doctor or nurse regularly to make sure they’re healthy and developing normally.

Children ages 1 to 4 years need to see the doctor or nurse when they’re:

• 12 months old (1 year)
• 15 months old (1 year and 3 months)
• 18 months old (1 year and 6 months)
• 24 months old (2 years)
• 30 months old (2 years and 6 months)
• 3 years old
• 4 years old

If you’re worried about your child’s health, don’t wait until the next scheduled visit — call the doctor or nurse right away.

Child Development

How do i know if my child is growing and developing on schedule.

Your child’s doctor or nurse can help you understand how your child is developing and learning to do new things — like walk and talk. These are sometimes called “developmental milestones.”

Every child grows and develops differently. For example, some children will take longer to start talking than others. Learn more about child development .

At each visit, the doctor or nurse will what new things your child is learning to do. They may also ask how you’re feeling and if you need any support.

Ages 12 to 18 Months

By age 12 months, most kids:.

• Stand by holding on to something
• Walk with help, like by holding on to the furniture
• Call a parent "mama," "dada," or some other special name
• Look for a toy they've seen you hide

Check out this complete list of milestones for kids age 12 months .

By age 15 months, most kids:

• Follow simple directions, like "Pick up the toy"
• Show you a toy they like
• Try to use things they see you use, like a cup or a book
• Take a few steps on their own

Check out this complete list of milestones for kids age 15 months.

By age 18 months, most kids:

• Make scribbles with crayons
• Look at a few pages in a book with you
• Try to say 3 or more words besides “mama” or “dada”
• Point to show someone what they want
• Walk on their own
• Try to use a spoon

Check out this complete list of milestones for kids age 18 months . 

Ages 24 to 30 Months

By age 24 months, most kids:.

• Notice when others are hurt or upset
• Point to at least 2 body parts, like their nose, when asked
• Try to use knobs or buttons on a toy
• Kick a ball

Check out this complete list of milestones for kids age 24 months . 

By age 30 months, most kids:

• Name items in a picture book, like a cat or dog
• Play next to or with other kids
• Jump off the ground with both feet
• Take some clothes off by themselves, like loose pants or an open jacket

Check out this complete list of milestones for kids age 30 months .

Ages 3 to 4 Years

By age 3 years, most kids:.

• Calm down within 10 minutes after you leave them, like at a child care drop-off
• Draw a circle after you show them how
• Ask “who,” “what,” “where,” or “why” questions, like “Where is Daddy?”

Check out this complete list of milestones for kids age 3 years . 

By age 4 years, most kids:

• Avoid danger — for example, they don’t jump from tall heights at the playground
• Pretend to be something else during play, like a teacher, superhero, or dog
• Draw a person with 3 or more body parts
• Catch a large ball most of the time

Check out this complete list of milestones for kids age 4 years . 

Take these steps to help you and your child get the most out of well-child visits.

Gather important information.

Take any medical records you have to the appointment, including a record of vaccines (shots) your child has received.

Make a list of any important changes in your child’s life since the last doctor’s visit, like a:

• New brother or sister
• Serious illness or death in the family
• Separation or divorce — or a parent spending time in jail or prison
• Change in childcare

Use this tool to  keep track of your child’s family health history . This information will help your doctor or nurse know if your child is at risk for certain health problems. 

Ask other caregivers about your child.

Before you visit the doctor, talk with others who care for your child, like a grandparent, daycare provider, or babysitter. They may be able to help you think of questions to ask the doctor or nurse.

What about cost?

Under the Affordable Care Act, insurance plans must cover well-child visits. Depending on your insurance plan, you may be able to get well-child visits at no cost to you. Check with your insurance company to find out more.

Your child may also qualify for free or low-cost health insurance through Medicaid or the Children’s Health Insurance Program (CHIP). Learn about coverage options for your family.

If you don’t have insurance, you may still be able to get free or low-cost well-child visits. Find a health center near you and ask about well-child visits.

To learn more, check out these resources:

• Free preventive care for children covered by the Affordable Care Act
• How the Affordable Care Act protects you and your family
• Understanding your health insurance and how to use it [PDF - 698 KB]

Ask Questions

Make a list of questions you want to ask the doctor..

Before the well-child visit, write down a few questions you have. This visit is a great time to ask the doctor or nurse any questions about:

• A health condition your child has (like asthma or an allergy)
• Changes in sleeping or eating habits
• How to help kids in the family get along

Here are some questions you may want to ask:

• Is my child up to date on vaccines?
• How can I make sure my child is getting enough physical activity?
• Is my child at a healthy weight?
• How can I help my child try different foods?
• What are appropriate ways to discipline my child?
• How much screen time is okay for young children?

Take notes so you can remember the answers later.

Ask what to do if your child gets sick. 

• Make sure you know how to get in touch with a doctor or nurse when the office is closed.
• Ask how to reach the doctor on call — or if there's a nurse information service you can call at night or during the weekend. 

What to Expect

Know what to expect..

During each well-child visit, the doctor or nurse will ask you questions about your child, do a physical exam, and update your child's medical history. You'll also be able to ask your questions and discuss any problems you may be having.

The doctor or nurse will ask questions about your child.

The doctor or nurse may ask about:

• Behavior: Does your child have trouble following directions?
• Health: Does your child often have stomachaches or other kinds of pain?
• Activities: What types of pretend play does your child like? What toys or other things do they most like playing with?
• Eating habits: What does your child eat on a normal day?
• Family: Have there been any changes in your family since your last visit?
• Learning: What’s something new your child learned recently?

They may also ask questions about safety, like:

• Does your child always ride in a car seat in the back seat of the car? 
• Does anyone in your home have a gun? If so, is it unloaded and locked in a place where your child can’t get it?
• Is there a swimming pool or other water around your home? Is there a locked door or gate to keep your child from getting to the pool without an adult?
• What steps have you taken to childproof your home? Do you have gates on stairs and latches on cabinets?
• Does everyone who cares for your child know when and how to call Poison Control (1-800-222-1222)?

Your answers to questions like these will help the doctor or nurse make sure your child is healthy, safe, and developing normally. Be honest, even if you’re worried you’re doing something wrong — the doctor or nurse is there to help you.

Physical Exam

The doctor or nurse will also check your child’s body..

To check your child’s body, the doctor or nurse will:

• Measure your child’s height and weight
• Check your child’s blood pressure
• Check your child’s vision
• Check your child’s body parts (this is called a physical exam)
• Give your child any vaccines they need

Learn more about your child’s health care:

• Find out how to get your child’s shots on schedule
• Learn how to take care of your child’s vision

Content last updated July 10, 2024

Reviewer Information

This information on well-child visits was adapted from materials from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and the National Institutes of Health.

Reviewed by:

Sara Kinsman, MD, PhD Director, Division of Child, Adolescent, and Family Health Maternal and Child Health Bureau Health Resources and Services Administration (HRSA)

You may also be interested in:

Help Your Child Stay at a Healthy Weight

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• Without health insurance, a full year of the recommended seven well baby visits costs an average of $668 total -- or just over $95 per visit -- according to the American Academy of Pediatrics.
• Immunizations for the first year cost at least $620 extra and usually are covered by health insurance.
• Well baby visits are almost always covered by group health insurance -- in 97 percent of cases with PPOs and 99 percent of cases with HMOs -- according to a survey by the Kaiser Family Foundation[ 2 ] . However, some insurance policies require that the baby be added to the insurance plan within a certain time frame -- usually by one month after birth, so check with your provider.
• For patients covered by insurance, out-of-pocket costs, usually copays, typically range from $10 to $30 per visit, depending on the plan.
• During the first well baby visit, the doctor will weigh and measure the baby to check growth; check eyesight and hearing; check for common problems such as diaper rash or the flaky scalp known as "cradle cap"; and look at umbilical cord stump or wound and, if necessary, administer a hepatitis shot. Subsequent visits will include immunizations, measurement of the head to check brain growth, addressing concerns about child safety and common health issues such as colds, croup, ear infections and diarrhea.
• At well baby visits, the doctor usually will ask about the baby's sleeping, eating and bowel habits and development markers, such as whether the baby can hold its head up or quiets at the sound of the parent's voice. The answers allow the doctor to make sure the baby's development is progressing on schedule.
• BabyCenter.com[ 3 ] has detailed lists of what to expect at each well baby visit.
• It is not uncommon for a baby to become ill in the first year of life, so additional doctor visits might be necessary.
• The U.S. Department of Health & Human Services[ 4 ] offers information on low-cost or free health insurance for uninsured children in qualifying families. This insurance can be used for well baby visits.
• Most parents choose a doctor who is a pediatrician, which means they have graduated from medical school and had an additional three years' residency in pediatrics. It is recommended to find a pediatrician before the baby is born.
• To find a pediatrician, ask a friend or family member for a referral. Or, the American Academy of Pediatrics offers a pediatrician locator service by state.
• When you find a prospective pediatrician, check credentials to make sure the doctor is board-certified by the American Board of Pediatrics or the American Board of Family Medicine[ 5 ] .
• It also is a good idea to meet your prospective pediatrician face-to-face. Observe the waiting room and ask questions about background, areas of interest, how the doctor can be reached after-hours in an emergency, how many doctors are in the office, whether the child will be able to see the same doctor for well and sick visits and how long a typical appointment lasts. WebMD.com[ 6 ] offers a guide to selecting a pediatrician.
•   www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/001928.htm
•   kff.org/medicaid/report/struggling-with-financing-the-recession-and-national-healt...
•   www.babycenter.com/0_doctor-visits-for-your-babys-first-year_66.bc
•   www.insurekidsnow.gov/
•   /www.theabfm.org
•   www.webmd.com/baby/shopping-for-a-pediatrician

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What to Expect at Your Baby’s First Pediatrician Visit

Nervous about your baby's first pediatrician visit? Here's what to expect, from paperwork to meeting the doctor, plus tips for making the visit easier for you and your baby.

Your baby should have their first well-baby visit at the pediatrician's office three to five days after birth, according to the American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP). After that, you'll be going in for checkups every few months over the course of the first year.

Since your baby's first pediatrician visit might be the first time your newborn leaves home, it's natural to feel some trepidation. But remember that this visit is often empowering and informative for new parents. Read on to learn what to expect during your baby's first pediatrician visit, from exams to vaccinations, as well as tips for timing and preparation.

There Will Be Paperwork

Be prepared to fill out paperwork when you arrive. Remember to pack the following:

• Your ID and health insurance card
• Information about your newborn's discharge weight
• Any complications during pregnancy or birth
• Your family's medical history

Knowing that your older child has asthma or your parents have diabetes, for example, focuses your pediatrician's attention on likely problems, says Christopher Pohlod, DO , assistant professor of pediatrics at Michigan State University's College of Osteopathic Medicine.

The Nurse Will Do Some Exams

A nurse will probably handle the first part of your baby's exam. They'll do the following:

• Weigh your naked baby on a scale
• Extend their limbs to measure height and width
• Use a tape measure to determine the head circumference

According to the AAP, it's normal for babies to lose weight after birth (up to 10% of their body weight). But they'll generally gain it back within a couple of weeks.

You'll Get to Know the Doctor

The pediatrician will examine your baby, educate you about their health, and answer any questions. One of the biggest components of the first pediatrician visit is developing a relationship with your child's new doctor. They will be a source of information, support, and troubleshooting in the many years to come.

They'll Check Your Baby's Neck and Collarbone

At your baby's first pediatrician visit, a health care provider will feel along your baby's neckline to check for a broken collarbone during the physical exam. That's because some babies fracture their clavicle while squeezing through the birth canal.

If your pediatrician finds a small bump, that could mean a break is starting to heal. It will mend on its own in a few weeks. In the meantime, they may suggest pinning the baby's sleeve across their chest to stabilize the arm so the collarbone doesn't hurt.

They'll Check Your Baby's Head

A pediatrician will also palm your baby's head to check for a still-soft fontanel. They will do this at every well visit for the first one to two years.

Your baby's head should grow about 4 inches in the first year, and the two soft spots on their skull are designed to accommodate that rapid growth. But if the soft spots close up too quickly, it can lead to a condition called craniosynostosis, which is when the tight quarters can curb brain development, and your child may need surgery to fix it.

They'll Check Your Baby's Hips

The doctor will roll your baby's hips to check for signs of developmental hip dysplasia, a congenital malformation of the hip joint that affects 1 in every 1,000 babies. You can expect this exam starting at your baby's first pediatrician visit and every visit until your baby can walk.

"The exam looks completely barbaric," says Vinita Seru, MD , a pediatrician in Seattle. "I tell families what I'm doing so they don't think I'm trying to hurt the baby."

If your pediatrician feels a telltale click from the hips, they'll order an ultrasound. Luckily, when dysplasia is found early, treatment is simple: The baby wears a pelvic harness for a few months.

They'll Check Your Baby's Reflexes

To check for a Moro reflex, a health care provider startles your baby. For the first 3 or 4 months, whenever something startles your infant, they'll fling their arms out as if they're falling. It's an involuntary response that shows your baby is developing normally.

This exam starts at the first pediatrician visit and continues through the first four well-child visits. A health care provider might also check whether your little one grasps a finger or fans their toes after you touch their foot.

They'll Check Your Baby's Pulse

By pressing the skin along the side of the baby's groin, a health care provider checks for your baby's pulse in the femoral artery, which runs up from your baby's thigh. Your pediatrician wants to see if the pulse is weak or hard to detect on one or both sides as that may suggest a heart condition.

You can expect this exam at the first pediatrician visit and all baby well visits. Around 1 in 125 babies are diagnosed with a heart defect every year in the US. This check is a simple way to screen for problems, says Dr. Seru: "When a heart condition is caught early, it can increase the likelihood of a good recovery."

They'll Check Your Baby's Genitalia

Starting at the first pediatrician visit and every well-baby visit after that, a health care provider will check your baby's genitals to ensure everything looks normal.

In about 1 to 3% of babies with testicles, the testicles don't descend into the scrotum before birth. While the problem usually corrects itself by 3 to 4 months of age, your doctor will keep an eye on things to see if your baby needs surgical assistance in the future. They will also check for signs of infection if your baby has been circumcised .

In babies with vulvas, it's not uncommon to find labial adhesions. Although the labia should open up over time, adhesions can shrink the vaginal opening and make your baby more prone to urinary tract infections (UTIs) . "If we know that they're there when your baby has a high fever, we look for a UTI first," says Melissa Kendall, MD , a pediatrician in Orem, Utah.

They'll Ask About Your Baby’s Feeding Patterns

The doctor will want information about your baby's feeding patterns. You don't need to keep super-detailed records, but you should have a general idea of the following:

• How often your baby is eating
• How long they feed (if nursing)
• How much they consume (if bottle-feeding)

This is an excellent time to raise concerns or questions about latching, formula brands, and other feeding issues.

They'll Check Your Baby’s Digestive System

You should have a general idea of how often you change your baby's diapers each day. If your doctor knows the consistency, frequency, and color of your baby's poop , they can better assess their digestive system and nutrient absorption.

They'll Ask About Your Baby's Sleeping Patterns

A health care provider will also probably inquire about sleeping patterns at your first pediatrician visit. They'll also make sure you're following safe sleep practices to help reduce the risk of sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS).

They'll Review the Childhood Vaccination Schedule

Hospitals usually give babies their first dose of the hepatitis B vaccine shortly after birth, but if your baby was born at home or at a birth center, they might receive it at their first pediatrician visit.

Most vaccinations start when your baby is 2 months old, and a health care provider might review the vaccine schedule with you so you're prepared for the many vaccines your baby will receive in the months ahead.

There Will Be Time for Questions

You will cover a lot of ground during your baby's first pediatrician visit. Ask the doctor to slow down, repeat, or clarify information if needed. It's also wise to come prepared with any questions you have.

Here are some examples:

• Is this behavior normal?
• Is my baby eating enough?
• Should their stool look like that?
• When should I schedule the next appointment?
• What should I expect in the next few days and weeks?

When you have a written list of talking points, you won't worry about your mind going blank if your baby starts to fuss, says Dr. Pohlod.

You'll Schedule Your Next Appointment

The lineup of well-baby checkups during the first year includes at least a half dozen more pediatrician visits.

Recommended Baby Checkup Schedule

Here is a quick-glance list of what ages the AAP recommends that your child be seen for well-child pediatrician visits through their second year:

• 3 to 5 days old
• 1 month old
• 2 months old
• 4 months old
• 6 months old
• 9 months old
• 12 months old
• 15 months old
• 18 months old
• 24 months old

At first glance, the recommended number of checkups may seem like a lot. But trust the process: This schedule was designed to closely monitor your baby's growth and development to ensure their health and well-being.

The checkups, depending on the age of your baby, will include measurements, sensory screening, and developmental health, which include social, behavioral, and mental health. It will also include vaccinations, oral health, and advice for parents and caregivers.

Frequent appointments with your baby's health care provider are also the best way to get personalized expert answers to your questions about your baby. Ultimately, it's important to be comfortable with your doctor, and seeing them frequently in the first year helps you develop a relationship you may have for years to come.

When you schedule your next appointment, ask about the office's hours of operation, billing policies, and how after-hours communication works. Keep the doctor's phone number handy, and be informed of what to do and who to contact in an emergency or when you have a question.

Tips for Your Baby's First Pediatrician Visit

Leaving the house with a newborn isn't easy, and it can be especially stressful when you're on a timetable (like when you're trying to make it to a scheduled appointment). But your baby's first pediatrician visit doesn't have to be super stressful. Here are some tips for smooth sailing:

• Plan your time. Ask for an appointment during the least busy part of the day. You can also see if a health care provider has specific time slots dedicated to seeing newborns. Expect the visit to take about 25 minutes, but plan for waiting and setbacks as well.
• Bring a support person. Consider bringing your partner or another caregiver to your baby's first doctor appointment. Two people can more effectively care for the baby, remember the doctor's advice, and recall questions you plan to ask.
• Dress your baby with the exam in mind. Since the doctor will examine your baby's entire body, dress them in easy-on, easy-off clothing or even just a diaper and comfortable blanket if weather permits.
• Be prepared, but pack light. Definitely bring a change of clothes, extra diapers, wipes, pacifiers, feeding supplies, and other necessities, but try not to overpack. Ultimately, "warmth, cuddling, loving, and reassuring voices are more helpful than a stuffed animal" at a newborn exam, says Brian MacGillivray, MD, a family medicine specialist in San Antonio.
• Wait in the car, if you can. If you attend the appointment with another person, send them inside to fill out paperwork while you wait in the car with the baby. This limits your newborn's exposure to germs. Some offices even have systems in place that allow you to fill out the paperwork online, wait in your car, and receive a call or text when it's time to go in.
• Keep your distance from others. If you must sit in the waiting room, have your baby face the corner. According to  Mary Ellen Renna, MD , a pediatrician from Jericho, New York, the chances of catching sickness are lower if you maintain a 3-foot radius from others.

AAP Schedule of Well-Child Care Visits . American Academy of Pediatrics . 2023.

Weight Loss . The American Academy of Pediatrics . 2020.

Clavicular Fractures in Newborns: What Happens to One of the Commonly Injured Bones at Birth? . Cureus . 2021.

Facts About Craniosynostosis . Centers for Disease Control and Prevention . 2023.

Developmental Dislocation (Dysplasia) Of the Hip (DDH) . American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons . 2022.

Moro Reflex . StatPearls . 2023.

A five (5) chamber heart (Cor Triatriatum) in Infancy: A rare congenital heart defect .  Niger Med J . 2013.

Undescended Testicles: What Parents Need To Know . American Academy of Pediatrics . 2022.

Periodicity Schedule . American Academy of Pediatrics . 2023.

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Prenatal care

Kaiser Permanente cared for more than 116,000 parents giving birth last year. We have high standards, and our policies for providing care are created by our own physicians and nurse-midwives. We let medical professionals make important decisions that affect your health, not executives. So if you’re a Kaiser Permanente member with a baby on the way, you’re in very good hands. 

We care for a lot of parents-to-be, but we also make sure that having a baby with us is unique and special. Whether you need an ultrasound or a flu shot, we’ll always treat you like a person, not a patient. We’ll give you all the care and support you need to have a healthy pregnancy and a healthy baby.

When to schedule your first prenatal visit

Getting started with prenatal care

Call us to schedule an appointment as soon as you know you’re pregnant so we can help you plan for a healthy pregnancy and birth. You can speak to a nurse to ask questions, get important information, and find out when to come in for your first prenatal care appointment.

Members: Get an estimate of how much you’ll pay to have your baby with us *

*Cost calculator may not apply to members with Medi-Cal plan.

Calculating your due date

What to expect during prenatal appointments

If you’re a Kaiser Permanente member, we’ll be seeing a lot of each other over the next few months! You’ll have 8 to 10 prenatal appointments, which go along with important milestones in your baby’s development. Each prenatal visit serves a specific purpose and helps us do everything we can to keep you and your baby healthy. 

Everything that happens at your appointments is captured in your electronic health record, so anyone who cares for you for any reason during your pregnancy can access important information about you and your baby’s health. If you’re a Kaiser Permanente member and you’re registered at kp.org, you can keep track of your appointments, see information from past visits, email your care team , and more — online, anytime.

Vaccinations during pregnancy

Your first prenatal care appointment will most likely be between weeks 7 and 12. After that, as long as your pregnancy is going normally, you’ll have prenatal visits — either in person, online, or by phone — at about:

• 16 to 20 weeks
• 21 to 27 weeks
• 28 to 31 weeks

If any problems come up along the way, we’ll see you a little more often.

We encourage you to have your support person actively involved in as much of your care as you want and is possible, and can help connect you both to the right care for your needs. We like to care for the whole family whenever we can.

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Your first trimester appointment Second trimester appointments Third trimester appointments

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The children's health insurance program (chip), see if your children qualify and apply for chip, 2 ways to apply for chip:.

• Call 1-800-318-2596 (TTY: 1-855-889-4325).
• Fill out an application through the Health Insurance Marketplace ® . If it looks like anyone in your household qualifies for Medicaid or CHIP, we’ll send your information to your state agency. They’ll contact you about enrollment. When you submit your Marketplace application, you’ll also find out if you qualify for an individual insurance plan with savings based on your income instead.  Create an account  or  log in  to an existing account to get started.

What CHIP covers

• Routine check-ups
• Immunizations
• Doctor visits
• Prescriptions
• Dental and vision care
• Inpatient and outpatient hospital care
• Laboratory and X-ray services
• Emergency services

What CHIP costs

A fixed amount ($20, for example) you pay for a covered health care service after you've paid your deductible.

Refer to glossary for more details.

The amount you pay for your health insurance every month. In addition to your premium, you usually have to pay other costs for your health care, including a deductible, copayments, and coinsurance. If you have a Marketplace health plan, you may be able to lower your costs with a premium tax credit.

What if my children are eligible for CHIP, but I would rather buy a Marketplace insurance plan?

If my children can get chip but i don't qualify for medicaid, how can i get insured.

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Copays, Deductibles, and Coinsurance

How do out-of-pocket costs work.

Copays, deductibles, and coinsurance let you know when and how much you may need to pay for your health care. Cigna Healthcare SM * is here to help you understand the meaning of these important health care terms.

Video: What’s Coinsurance and How Does It Work?

Watch this short video to learn how coinsurance, copays, and deductibles work in an individual health care plan. (Length: 1:46)

Watch Video

What’s Coinsurance and How Does It Work?

Copays, deductibles, and coinsurance definitions.

Let's take an in-depth look at what these terms mean, how they work together, and how they are different.

What is a copay?

A copay (or copayment)   is a flat fee that you pay on the spot each time you go to your doctor or fill a prescription. For example, if you hurt your back and go see your doctor, or you need a refill of your child's asthma medicine, the amount you pay for that visit or medicine is your copay.

Your copay amount is printed right on your health plan ID card. Copays cover your portion of the cost of a doctor's visit or medication.

Do I always have a copay? 

Not necessarily. Not all plans use copays to share in the cost of covered expenses. Or, some plans may use both copays and a deductible/coinsurance, depending on the type of covered service. Also, some services may be covered at no out-of-pocket cost to you, such as annual checkups and certain other eligible preventive care services. 1

When do I pay a copay? 

A copay is paid at the time of your service.

How do I calculate my copay costs? 

You do not need to calculate your copay costs as this amount is a predetermined rate based on your health insurance plan. You can view this amount on your ID card.

• Deductibles

What is a deductible, and how does it work?

A   deductible   is the amount you pay each year for most eligible medical services or medications before your health plan begins to share in the cost of covered services. For example, if you have a $2,000 yearly deductible, you'll need to pay the first $2,000 of your total eligible medical costs before your plan helps to pay.

A deductible is separate from the monthly premium you pay. After a deductible is paid, you continue to pay your monthly premium, but the medical costs are covered (aside from any copay or coinsurance charges).

What costs count toward a deductible?

Deductibles for family coverage and individual coverage are different. Even if your plan includes out-of-network benefits, your deductible amount will typically be much lower if you use in-network doctors and hospitals.

How do I decide what health care deductible amount to choose?

If you're mostly healthy and don't expect to need costly medical services during the year, a plan that has a   higher deductible   and   lower premium   may be a good choice for you.

On the other hand, let's say you know you have a medical condition that will need care. Or you have an active family with children who play sports. A plan with a   lower deductible   and   higher premium   that pays for a greater percent of your medical costs may be better for you.

What is the difference between a deductible and a copay?

Depending on your health plan, you may have a deductible and copays.

A deductible is the amount you pay for most eligible medical services or medications before your health plan begins to share in the cost of covered services. If your plan includes copays, you pay the copay flat fee at the time of service (at the pharmacy or doctor's office, for example).

For high-deductible plans with health-savings accounts (HSAs) , IRS rules require the plan deductible to be satisfied before any copay or coinsurance is applied.

• Coinsurance

What is coinsurance?

Coinsurance   is a portion of the medical cost you pay after your deductible has been met. Coinsurance is a way of saying that you and your insurance carrier each pay a share of eligible costs that add up to 100 percent. The higher your coinsurance percentage, the higher your share of the cost is.

How do I calculate my coinsurance costs?

The amount you need to pay for your coinsurance will depend on the allowed amount that a provider can bill for their service.

For example, some health plans have an 80/20 coinsurance. This means your coinsurance is 20 percent and you pay 20 percent of the cost of your covered medical bills. Your health insurance plan will pay the other 80 percent.

If you meet your annual deductible in June, and need an MRI in July, it is covered by coinsurance. If the covered charges for an MRI are $2,000 and your coinsurance is 20 percent, you need to pay $400 ($2,000 x 20%). Your insurance company or health plan pays the other $1,600.

What is not included in a coinsurance?

You are also responsible for any charges that are not covered by the health plan, such as charges that exceed the plan’s Maximum Reimbursable Charge.

When do I pay a coinsurance

You pay for a coinsurance after you meet your deductible.

What is an out-of-pocket maximum?

Out-of-pocket maximum is the most you could pay for covered medical expenses in a year. This amount includes money you spend on deductibles, copays, and coinsurance. Once you reach your annual out-of-pocket maximum, your health plan will pay your covered medical and prescription costs for the rest of the year.

Here’s an example. 2 You have a plan with a $3,000 annual deductible and 20% coinsurance with a $6,350 out-of-pocket maximum. You haven’t had any medical expenses all year, but then you need surgery and a few days in the hospital. That hospital bill might be $150,000.

You will pay the first $3,000 of your hospital bill as your deductible. Then, your coinsurance kicks in. The health plan pays 80% of your covered medical expenses. You'll be responsible for payment of 20% of those expenses until the remaining $3,350 of your annual $6,350 out-of-pocket maximum is met. Then, the plan covers 100% of your remaining eligible medical expenses for that calendar year.

Depending on your plan, the numbers will vary—but you get the idea. In this scenario, your $6,350 out-of-pocket maximum is much less than a $150,000 hospital bill!

What's the difference between copays and coinsurance?

Use this chart to compare copays and coinsurance to better understand the differences.

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1 Plans may vary. Includes eligible in-network preventive care services. Some preventive care services may not be covered, including most immunizations for travel. Reference plan documents for a list of covered and non-covered preventive care services.

2 Plans may vary. Refer to your plan documents for costs and details of coverage under your specific health plan.

Product availability may vary by location and plan type and is subject to change. All health insurance policies and health benefit plans contain exclusions and limitations. For costs and details of coverage, review your plan documents or contact a Cigna Healthcare representative.

Cigna Healthcare products and services are provided exclusively by or through operating subsidiaries of The Cigna Group, including Cigna Health and Life Insurance Company, Cigna HealthCare of Arizona, Inc., Cigna HealthCare of Georgia, Inc., Cigna HealthCare of Illinois, Inc., Cigna HealthCare of North Carolina, Inc., Cigna HealthCare of South Carolina, Inc., and Cigna HealthCare of Texas, Inc., and Cigna Dental Health, Inc. In Texas, the Dental plan is known as Cigna Dental Choice, and this plan uses the national Cigna DPPO Advantage network. In Utah, all products and services are provided by Cigna Health and Life Insurance Company (Bloomfield, CT).

This page is not intended for use in AZ.

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Individual and family medical and dental insurance plans are insured by Cigna Health and Life Insurance Company (CHLIC), Cigna HealthCare of Arizona, Inc., Cigna HealthCare of Illinois, Inc., Cigna HealthCare of Georgia, Inc., Cigna HealthCare of North Carolina, Inc., Cigna HealthCare of South Carolina, Inc., and Cigna HealthCare of Texas, Inc. Group health insurance and health benefit plans are insured or administered by CHLIC, Connecticut General Life Insurance Company (CGLIC), or their affiliates (see a listing of the legal entities that insure or administer group HMO, dental HMO, and other products or services in your state). Accidental Injury, Critical Illness, and Hospital Care plans or insurance policies are distributed exclusively by or through operating subsidiaries of The Cigna Group Corporation, are administered by Cigna Health and Life Insurance Company, and are insured by either (i) Cigna Health and Life Insurance Company (Bloomfield, CT). The Cigna Healthcare name, logo, and other Cigna Healthcare marks are owned by The Cigna Group Intellectual Property, Inc.

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La aseguradora publica el formulario traducido para fines informativos y la versión en inglés prevalece para fines de solicitud e interpretación.

The insurer is issuing the translated form on an informational basis and the English version is controlling for the purposes of application and interpretation.

Fentanyl misuse during pregnancy can cause severe birth defects

The number of babies born with severe birth defects affecting their growth and development is rising, as researchers now have strong evidence that illicit fentanyl is causing the problems.

Hospitals have identified at least 30 newborns with what has been identified as “fetal fentanyl syndrome,” NBC News has learned. The babies were born to mothers who said they’d used street drugs, particularly fentanyl, while pregnant.

“I have identified 20 patients,” said Dr. Miguel Del Campo, a medical geneticist at Rady Children’s Hospital in San Diego who specializes in children exposed to drugs and alcohol in utero. “I fear that this is not rare, and I fear kids are going unrecognized.”

The syndrome was first identified in 10 babies last fall by geneticists at Nemours Children’s Health in Wilmington, Delaware. The infants had specific physical birth defects: cleft palate, unusually small heads, drooping eyelids, webbed toes and joints that weren’t fully developed. Some had trouble feeding.

Published research about the babies caught Del Campo’s attention. He’d previously diagnosed some children with similar abnormalities with fetal alcohol syndrome, even though their mothers denied drinking while pregnant.

“After reading the paper and thinking about things,” he said, “I have recognized the potential for exposure to fentanyl.”

Dr. Karen Gripp, a geneticist at Nemours, and her team were the first to identify the 10 babies with fetal fentanyl syndrome last fall. “This is another huge piece of the puzzle” explaining the defects, she said.

The birth defects in the babies closely resemble a rare genetic condition called Smith-Lemli-Opitz . It’s a condition that affects how fetuses make cholesterol, which is critical for the brain to develop properly. But none of the babies had Smith-Lemli-Optiz.

The mothers’ reported drug use was a strong clue as to what was causing the defects, but there was no scientific evidence that fentanyl stopped cholesterol production in developing fetuses.

When Gripp and a team of researchers at the University of Nebraska Medical Center exposed human and mouse cells to fentanyl, they discovered that the drug directly disrupted their ability to make cholesterol.

“This is not something that people had known before, that fentanyl interferes so significantly with cholesterol metabolism,” Gripp said. “This is so important because cholesterol needs to be synthesized as the embryo develops.”

Their paper explaining the connection was published in Molecular Psychiatry in June.

Who is at risk

Illicit fentanyl use during pregnancy is a known risk factor for preterm birth and stillbirth. Babies born after significant fentanyl exposure in utero may have seizures, vomiting, diarrhea and be irritable, fatigued and have trouble feeding.

But despite a rise in fentanyl misuse, even during pregnancy , there is no indication of a concurrent rise in birth defects. And most babies exposed to fentanyl in utero aren’t born with the defects that are hallmarks of the fetal fentanyl syndrome.

The new research helps to explain that.

While two copies of the gene that causes Smith-Lemli-Optiz result in the syndrome, cells with just one copy of that gene were more likely to be affected by fentanyl exposure.

That is, a single copy of the gene may make some babies more vulnerable.

“Not everyone is equally susceptible,” Dr. Karoly Mirnics, one of the study authors and director of the University of Nebraska Medical Center's Munroe-Meyer Institute, said in a press release announcing the results. “The potentially adverse effects of any medication or chemical compound might depend on your genes, lifestyle and environmental factors. One drug might not cause problems for me and might be catastrophic for you.”

Gripp expects the number of documented fetal fentanyl cases will rise with awareness and continued research.

“The group is growing,” she said. “We anticipate that there will be many more patients.” 

Del Campo, also an associate professor at the University of California San Diego, said it’s critical to diagnose babies appropriately with fetal fentanyl syndrome so doctors can follow them long term.

“We need to know how these kids are doing. I have some 2 year-olds that are very concerning,” he said. “They’re just not growing or developing.”

Erika Edwards is a health and medical news writer and reporter for NBC News and "TODAY."

Nasir Islam Bhatti , MD

Otolaryngology.

• Johns Hopkins School of Medicine Faculty

3.7 of 5 stars

14 insurances accepted, professional titles.

• Director Johns Hopkins Percutaneous Trach Service

Primary Academic Title

Associate Professor of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery

Dr. Nasir Bhatti graduated from King Edward Medical University 1986.

Dr. Bhatti currently serves as the director of Johns Hopkins Adult Tracheostomy Airway Services. His clinical specialties include: Airway disorders, sinus diseases, nasal problems, swallowing problems, and sleep apnea.

Centers and Institutes

• General Ear, Nose & Throat
• Sinus Center

Additional Academic Titles

Joint Appointment in Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine

Research Interests

Residency Training Proficiency

Selected Publications

• BOOK CHAPTERS: Bhatti NI. Surgical management of the difficult adult airway. In: Cummings CW, ed. Cummings Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery. 5th ed. Philadelphia: Mosby Elsevier; 2010.121-129 Bhatti NI, Goldenberg D. The difficult airway management in conventional head and neck surgery. In: Hagberg C, ed. Benumofs Airway Management., 2nd ed. Philadelphia : Mosby Elsevier; 2007.889-899 Goldenberg D, Bhatti NI. Management of the impaired airway in the adult. In: Cummings CW, ed. Cummings Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery. 4th ed. Philadelphia: Elsevier Mosby; 2005.2441-2453. Couch ME, Bhatti N. The Current Status of Percutaneous Tracheotomy in the Advances in Surgery (John L. Cameron M.D. Editor) Vol 36 PUBLICATIONS: Laeeq K, R Waseem, Weatherly R, Reh DD, Lin SY, Lane AP, Ishii M, Cummings CW, Bhatti NI. In-training assessment and predictors of competency in endoscopic sinus surgery. Laryngoscope.2010 Dec; 120(12):2540-5 Stewart CM, Masood H, Pandian V, Laeeq K, Akst L, Francis H, Bhatti NI. Development and Pilot Testing of an objective structured clinical examination (OSCE) on hoarseness. Laryngoscope. 2010 Nov; 120(11): 2177-2188 Laeeq K, Pandian V, Skinner M, Masood H, Stewart CM, Weatherly R, Cummings CW, Bhatti NI. Learning curve for competency in flexible laryngoscope Laryngoscope. 2010 Oct; 120(10):1950-3 Pandian V, Vaswani RS, Mirski MA, Haut E, Gupta S, Bhatti NI. Safety of percutaneous dilational tracheostomy in coagulopathic patients. Ear Nose Throat J. 2010 Aug; 89(8):387-95 Francis HW, Masood H, Laeeq K, Bhatti NI. Defining milestones toward competency in mastoidectomy using a skills assessment paradigm. Laryngoscope. 2010 Jul; 120(7):1417-21 Bhatti NI, Mohyuddin A, Raveen N, Funk SE, Laeeq K, Pandian V, Mirski M, Feller-Kopman D. Cost analysis of intubation-related tracheal injury using a national database. Otolaryngol Head and Neck Surg. 2010 Jul; 143(1):31-6 Francis HW, Masood H, Chaudhry KN, Laeeq K, Carey JP, Della Santina CC, Limb CJ, Niparko JK, Bhatti NI. Objective assessment of mastoidectomy skills in the operating room. Otol Neurotol. 2010 Jul; 31(5)759-65. Laeeq K, Weatherly RA, Masood H, Thomson RE, Brown DJ, Cummings CW, Bhatti NI. Barriers to the implementation of competency-based education and assessment: a survey of otolaryngology residency program directors. Laryngoscope. 2010 Jun; 120(6):1152-8 Chu E, Westra W, Aygun N, Bhatti NI. Combined endoscopic and trans-oral resection of a primary nasopharyngeal paraganglioma. Ear Nose Throat J 2010 May; 89(5) E1-3. Laeeq K, Infusino S, Lin SY, Reh DD, Ishii M, Kim J, lane AP, Bhatti NI. Video-based assessment of operative competency in endoscopic sinus surgery. Am J Rhino Allergy. 2010 May; 24(3); 234-7 Laeeq K, Weatherly RA, Carrott A, Pandian V, Cummings CW, Bhatti NI. Learning styles in two otolaryngology residency program. Laryngoscope. 2009 Dec; 119(12):2360-5. Berkow LG, Greenberg RS, Kan KH, Colantouni E, Mar LJ, Flint PW, Corridore M, Bhatti N, Heitmiller ES. Need for emergency surgical airway reduced by a comprehensive difficult airway program. Anest Analg. 2009 Dec; 109(6):1860-9 Laeeq K, Bhatti NI, Carey JP, Della Santina CC, Limb CJ, Niparko JK, Minor LB, Francis HW. Pilot testing of an assessment tool for competency in mastoidectomy. Laryngoscope. 2009 Dec; 119 (12):2402-10 Starmer HM, Ishman SL, Flint PW, Bhatti NI, Richmon J, Koch W, Webster K, Tufano R, Gourin GG. Complications that affect post laryngectomy voice restoration: primary surgery vs. salvage surgery. Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2009 Nov; 135 (11):1165-9 Lin S, Laeeq K, Ishii M, Kim J, Lane A, Reh D, Bhatti NI. Development and pilot testing of a feasible, reliable, and valid operative competency assessment tool for the endoscopic sinus surgery Am J Rhino. Allergy. 2009 May-Jun; 23(3):354-9. Brown DJ, Thompson RE, Bhatti NI. Assessment of operative competency in otolaryngology residency: Survey of US Program Directors Laryngoscope. 2008 Oct; 118(10):1761-4 Bhatti NI, Tufano RP. Preface: dynamic aspects of laryngeal cancer management. Otolaryngol Clin North Am. 2008 Aug; 41(4): xixii Pandian V, Nguyen TT, Mirski M, Bhatti NI. Percutaneous Tracheostomy: A Multidisciplinary Approach Perspective on Voice and Voice Disorders 2008 18: 87-98. Bhatti NI, Cummings CW. Competency in Surgical Residency Training: Defining and Raising the Bar. Acad Med. 2007 Jun; 82(6):569-73. Bhatti N, Mirski M, Tatlipinar A, Koch W, Goldenberg D. Reduction of complication rate in percutaneous dilation tracheotomies. Laryngoscope. 2007 Jan; 117(1):172-5 Bhatti N, Tatlipinar A, Mirski M , Koch W, Goldenberg D. Percutaneous dilation tracheotomy in ICU patients: our experience with 274 patients - Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2007;136:938-941 Bhatti NI. Competency Based Surgical Residency: Making Osler Proud. Journal of AMMA 2005; 3(3): 3-6 online accessed on September 25, 2006 at http://ammausa.org/data/JAMMA%202005%20October.pdf . Bhatti NI, Herpel LB. Window of Opportunity. Invited Editorial for ADVANCE for Managers of Respiratory Care 2006; 15(8) Nuyens MR, Bhatti NI, Flint P. Multiple synchronous fibrovascular polyps of the hypopharynx ORL J Otorhinolaryngol Relate Spec. 2004; 66(6): 341-4 Couch ME, Bhatti N. The Current Status of Percutaneous Tracheotomy Adv. Surg. 2002; 36:275-96 Koch WM, Bhatti N, Williams MF, Eisele DE: Oncologic rationale for bilateral tonsillectomy in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma of unknown primary source. Otolaryng-Head and Neck Surgery. 2001 Mar; 124(3): 331-33 Czader M, Eberhart CG, Bhatti N, Cummings C, Westra WH: Metastasizing mixed tumor of the parotid: initial presentation as a solitary kidney tumor and ultimate carcinomatous transformation at the primary site. Am J Surg Pathol. 2000 Aug; 24(8):1159-64 Califano J, Bhatti NI, Niparko JK. Jugular bulb dehiscence Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 124:1047-50, 1998. Bhatti NI, Niparko JK. Vestibular dysgenesis with semicircular canal aplasia. Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 1997 Sep; 123(9):1011, 1013-14. Pollice PA, Bhatti NI, Niparko JK. Posterior fossa arachnoid cyst. Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 1997 Jul; 123(7): 762,764-5. Holliday MJ, Long DL, Brem H, Bhatti NI, Backous DD. Acute Cerebrospinal fluid pressure changes: Dynamics and effects. Skull Base Surg 1997; 7(suppl 1): 23
• 601 North Caroline Street, Floor 6 , Baltimore , MD 21287
• phone: 443-997-6467
• 10803 Falls Road, Pavilion III STE 2300 , Lutherville , MD 21093
• fax: 410-367-2297
• 4924 Campbell Boulevard, Suite 210 , Nottingham , MD 21236
• fax: 410-550-2870

Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine

Victoria university hospital ltd, waterford regional hospital, meath hospital, mayo hospital lahore, king edward medical university, board certifications.

• First Health
• Geisinger Health Plan
• HealthSmart/Accel
• Johns Hopkins Health Plans
• Pennsylvania's Preferred Health Networks (PPHN)
• Point Comfort Underwriters
• Private Healthcare Systems (PHCS)
• UnitedHealthcare
• Veteran Affairs Community Care Network (Optum-VACCN)

The Patient Rating score is an average of all responses to physician related questions on the national CG-CAHPS Medical Practice patient experience survey through Press Ganey. Responses are measured on a scale of 1 to 5, with 5 being the best score. Comments are also gathered from our CG-CAHPS Medical Practice Survey through Press Ganey and displayed in their entirety. Patients are de-identified for confidentiality and patient privacy.

Seemed well informed and concerned about my issues

He was very personable and knowledgeable.

Very thorough, nice, explained as he performed procedure.

I did not have to wait long and everyone was respectful.

Polite and direct

Doctor was not very explanatory. Doctor was efficient but somewhat more curt in responsive communication.

Explained things, ordered tests, very knowledgeable and pleasant

Respectful and to the point.

Great provider and very caring resident.

Very confident in his ability to care for my concern.

Very quick and loved speaking with my medical assistant and provider.

Very personable, great communication skills

Good I been seeing him for 16 years

Very well taken care of and my appointment on time.

My appointments with him have always been short because he does not spend much time talking to me and/or my family, but he is professional and effective. He answers questions when we have them.

Dr. Bhatti clearly has great knowledge. I think there's some room for improvement in the time spent with patient and trying to understand their POV by talking more than 2 minutes.

Very helpful

He did his job

The provider was quick with the procedure

I had seen aNn ENT in another practice who was the very definition of rude and dismissive. Dr. Bhatti was a refreshing breath of respectful, engaging, competent air! I'm so glad this referral was made.

Seems OK so far.

The provider is inpatient and arrogant, did not explain what he observed from my nasal exam well, just told us to do CT scan and use medicine.

Good experience

Provider was professional and friendly but didn't take much time to explain to me what the test findings meant. He kind of recommended "lifestyle changes" but also didn't explain what they were and said they probably wouldn't make any difference. Then he shrugged. But he also made it clear this wasn't something I needed to worry about.

This was a first. I am satisfied with the handling of my problem and manner if followup and treatment.

He came in didn't ask me any questions at all and said he's going to look up into my sinuses with a scope. He said "I don't see anything really going on let's have a CT done" then walked out. I saw him for about 2 minutes.

Spent less than 5 minutes with the provider. When I tried to ask about a concern of mine it was dismissed.

My first time seeing him

The surgery went very smoothly but he is not the most friendly/best bedside manner. During initial consultation he was dismissive of some of my concerns, and at the post op (most recent visit) he spent about 2-3 minutes with me and just took a quick glance to make sure everything was healed.

He seems knowledgeable and answered my questions, but the visit was still very short. I felt like I was holding him up by asking questions and that I did not have much time to do so, but I was able to ask everything I wanted to ask at the time.

Sumit Madan , MD

Hematology oncology, hematologic malignancy, 4.8 of 5 stars, about sumit madan and banner safety practices, care philosophy.

I deliver comprehensive, evidence-based, expert care in collaboration with each of my patients.

Specializing In

Multiple Myeloma and Amyloidosis

Hospital Affiliations

Banner Gateway Medical Center

Preferred Phone Number

480-256-6444

• 2946 East Banner Gateway Drive , Gilbert , AZ 85234
• Get Directions

University of Texas Health Science Center - San Antonio

Mayo clinic, rush university - armour academic center, overlook medical center, rajah muthiah medical college, board certifications, medical oncology, palliative medicine.

• Aetna Health Care
• Arizona Complete Health
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• AZ Foundation for Medical Care
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• Banner Medicare Advantage DSNP
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• BCBS Blue Alliance (BHN Acclaim)
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Testimonials

4.8 out of 5.0.

All patient experience ratings and testimonials are submitted by actual patients and verified by a leading independent customer experience company. Patient identities are withheld to ensure confidentiality and privacy.

We though he addressed our concerns and we like him

Dr. Madan explained my condition and set up some further steps to evaluate me. Feel confident in his ability to handle my care.

He is a good doctor.

He speaks to you, is down to earth, good personality.

Explained things clearly. Listened to my questions patiently. Did not rush.

Knowledgeable, informative, timeliness, medical expertise and experience.

Great, caring doctor

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