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Is Time Travel Possible?

We all travel in time! We travel one year in time between birthdays, for example. And we are all traveling in time at approximately the same speed: 1 second per second.

We typically experience time at one second per second. Credit: NASA/JPL-Caltech

NASA's space telescopes also give us a way to look back in time. Telescopes help us see stars and galaxies that are very far away . It takes a long time for the light from faraway galaxies to reach us. So, when we look into the sky with a telescope, we are seeing what those stars and galaxies looked like a very long time ago.

However, when we think of the phrase "time travel," we are usually thinking of traveling faster than 1 second per second. That kind of time travel sounds like something you'd only see in movies or science fiction books. Could it be real? Science says yes!

Image of galaxies, taken by the Hubble Space Telescope.

This image from the Hubble Space Telescope shows galaxies that are very far away as they existed a very long time ago. Credit: NASA, ESA and R. Thompson (Univ. Arizona)

How do we know that time travel is possible?

More than 100 years ago, a famous scientist named Albert Einstein came up with an idea about how time works. He called it relativity. This theory says that time and space are linked together. Einstein also said our universe has a speed limit: nothing can travel faster than the speed of light (186,000 miles per second).

Einstein's theory of relativity says that space and time are linked together. Credit: NASA/JPL-Caltech

What does this mean for time travel? Well, according to this theory, the faster you travel, the slower you experience time. Scientists have done some experiments to show that this is true.

For example, there was an experiment that used two clocks set to the exact same time. One clock stayed on Earth, while the other flew in an airplane (going in the same direction Earth rotates).

After the airplane flew around the world, scientists compared the two clocks. The clock on the fast-moving airplane was slightly behind the clock on the ground. So, the clock on the airplane was traveling slightly slower in time than 1 second per second.

Credit: NASA/JPL-Caltech

Can we use time travel in everyday life?

We can't use a time machine to travel hundreds of years into the past or future. That kind of time travel only happens in books and movies. But the math of time travel does affect the things we use every day.

For example, we use GPS satellites to help us figure out how to get to new places. (Check out our video about how GPS satellites work .) NASA scientists also use a high-accuracy version of GPS to keep track of where satellites are in space. But did you know that GPS relies on time-travel calculations to help you get around town?

GPS satellites orbit around Earth very quickly at about 8,700 miles (14,000 kilometers) per hour. This slows down GPS satellite clocks by a small fraction of a second (similar to the airplane example above).

Illustration of GPS satellites orbiting around Earth

GPS satellites orbit around Earth at about 8,700 miles (14,000 kilometers) per hour. Credit: GPS.gov

However, the satellites are also orbiting Earth about 12,550 miles (20,200 km) above the surface. This actually speeds up GPS satellite clocks by a slighter larger fraction of a second.

Here's how: Einstein's theory also says that gravity curves space and time, causing the passage of time to slow down. High up where the satellites orbit, Earth's gravity is much weaker. This causes the clocks on GPS satellites to run faster than clocks on the ground.

The combined result is that the clocks on GPS satellites experience time at a rate slightly faster than 1 second per second. Luckily, scientists can use math to correct these differences in time.

Illustration of a hand holding a phone with a maps application active.

If scientists didn't correct the GPS clocks, there would be big problems. GPS satellites wouldn't be able to correctly calculate their position or yours. The errors would add up to a few miles each day, which is a big deal. GPS maps might think your home is nowhere near where it actually is!

In Summary:

Yes, time travel is indeed a real thing. But it's not quite what you've probably seen in the movies. Under certain conditions, it is possible to experience time passing at a different rate than 1 second per second. And there are important reasons why we need to understand this real-world form of time travel.

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April 26, 2023

Is Time Travel Possible?

The laws of physics allow time travel. So why haven’t people become chronological hoppers?

By Sarah Scoles

3D illustration tunnel background

yuanyuan yan/Getty Images

In the movies, time travelers typically step inside a machine and—poof—disappear. They then reappear instantaneously among cowboys, knights or dinosaurs. What these films show is basically time teleportation .

Scientists don’t think this conception is likely in the real world, but they also don’t relegate time travel to the crackpot realm. In fact, the laws of physics might allow chronological hopping, but the devil is in the details.

Time traveling to the near future is easy: you’re doing it right now at a rate of one second per second, and physicists say that rate can change. According to Einstein’s special theory of relativity, time’s flow depends on how fast you’re moving. The quicker you travel, the slower seconds pass. And according to Einstein’s general theory of relativity , gravity also affects clocks: the more forceful the gravity nearby, the slower time goes.

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“Near massive bodies—near the surface of neutron stars or even at the surface of the Earth, although it’s a tiny effect—time runs slower than it does far away,” says Dave Goldberg, a cosmologist at Drexel University.

If a person were to hang out near the edge of a black hole , where gravity is prodigious, Goldberg says, only a few hours might pass for them while 1,000 years went by for someone on Earth. If the person who was near the black hole returned to this planet, they would have effectively traveled to the future. “That is a real effect,” he says. “That is completely uncontroversial.”

Going backward in time gets thorny, though (thornier than getting ripped to shreds inside a black hole). Scientists have come up with a few ways it might be possible, and they have been aware of time travel paradoxes in general relativity for decades. Fabio Costa, a physicist at the Nordic Institute for Theoretical Physics, notes that an early solution with time travel began with a scenario written in the 1920s. That idea involved massive long cylinder that spun fast in the manner of straw rolled between your palms and that twisted spacetime along with it. The understanding that this object could act as a time machine allowing one to travel to the past only happened in the 1970s, a few decades after scientists had discovered a phenomenon called “closed timelike curves.”

“A closed timelike curve describes the trajectory of a hypothetical observer that, while always traveling forward in time from their own perspective, at some point finds themselves at the same place and time where they started, creating a loop,” Costa says. “This is possible in a region of spacetime that, warped by gravity, loops into itself.”

“Einstein read [about closed timelike curves] and was very disturbed by this idea,” he adds. The phenomenon nevertheless spurred later research.

Science began to take time travel seriously in the 1980s. In 1990, for instance, Russian physicist Igor Novikov and American physicist Kip Thorne collaborated on a research paper about closed time-like curves. “They started to study not only how one could try to build a time machine but also how it would work,” Costa says.

Just as importantly, though, they investigated the problems with time travel. What if, for instance, you tossed a billiard ball into a time machine, and it traveled to the past and then collided with its past self in a way that meant its present self could never enter the time machine? “That looks like a paradox,” Costa says.

Since the 1990s, he says, there’s been on-and-off interest in the topic yet no big breakthrough. The field isn’t very active today, in part because every proposed model of a time machine has problems. “It has some attractive features, possibly some potential, but then when one starts to sort of unravel the details, there ends up being some kind of a roadblock,” says Gaurav Khanna of the University of Rhode Island.

For instance, most time travel models require negative mass —and hence negative energy because, as Albert Einstein revealed when he discovered E = mc 2 , mass and energy are one and the same. In theory, at least, just as an electric charge can be positive or negative, so can mass—though no one’s ever found an example of negative mass. Why does time travel depend on such exotic matter? In many cases, it is needed to hold open a wormhole—a tunnel in spacetime predicted by general relativity that connects one point in the cosmos to another.

Without negative mass, gravity would cause this tunnel to collapse. “You can think of it as counteracting the positive mass or energy that wants to traverse the wormhole,” Goldberg says.

Khanna and Goldberg concur that it’s unlikely matter with negative mass even exists, although Khanna notes that some quantum phenomena show promise, for instance, for negative energy on very small scales. But that would be “nowhere close to the scale that would be needed” for a realistic time machine, he says.

These challenges explain why Khanna initially discouraged Caroline Mallary, then his graduate student at the University of Massachusetts Dartmouth, from doing a time travel project. Mallary and Khanna went forward anyway and came up with a theoretical time machine that didn’t require negative mass. In its simplistic form, Mallary’s idea involves two parallel cars, each made of regular matter. If you leave one parked and zoom the other with extreme acceleration, a closed timelike curve will form between them.

Easy, right? But while Mallary’s model gets rid of the need for negative matter, it adds another hurdle: it requires infinite density inside the cars for them to affect spacetime in a way that would be useful for time travel. Infinite density can be found inside a black hole, where gravity is so intense that it squishes matter into a mind-bogglingly small space called a singularity. In the model, each of the cars needs to contain such a singularity. “One of the reasons that there's not a lot of active research on this sort of thing is because of these constraints,” Mallary says.

Other researchers have created models of time travel that involve a wormhole, or a tunnel in spacetime from one point in the cosmos to another. “It's sort of a shortcut through the universe,” Goldberg says. Imagine accelerating one end of the wormhole to near the speed of light and then sending it back to where it came from. “Those two sides are no longer synced,” he says. “One is in the past; one is in the future.” Walk between them, and you’re time traveling.

You could accomplish something similar by moving one end of the wormhole near a big gravitational field—such as a black hole—while keeping the other end near a smaller gravitational force. In that way, time would slow down on the big gravity side, essentially allowing a particle or some other chunk of mass to reside in the past relative to the other side of the wormhole.

Making a wormhole requires pesky negative mass and energy, however. A wormhole created from normal mass would collapse because of gravity. “Most designs tend to have some similar sorts of issues,” Goldberg says. They’re theoretically possible, but there’s currently no feasible way to make them, kind of like a good-tasting pizza with no calories.

And maybe the problem is not just that we don’t know how to make time travel machines but also that it’s not possible to do so except on microscopic scales—a belief held by the late physicist Stephen Hawking. He proposed the chronology protection conjecture: The universe doesn’t allow time travel because it doesn’t allow alterations to the past. “It seems there is a chronology protection agency, which prevents the appearance of closed timelike curves and so makes the universe safe for historians,” Hawking wrote in a 1992 paper in Physical Review D .

Part of his reasoning involved the paradoxes time travel would create such as the aforementioned situation with a billiard ball and its more famous counterpart, the grandfather paradox : If you go back in time and kill your grandfather before he has children, you can’t be born, and therefore you can’t time travel, and therefore you couldn’t have killed your grandfather. And yet there you are.

Those complications are what interests Massachusetts Institute of Technology philosopher Agustin Rayo, however, because the paradoxes don’t just call causality and chronology into question. They also make free will seem suspect. If physics says you can go back in time, then why can’t you kill your grandfather? “What stops you?” he says. Are you not free?

Rayo suspects that time travel is consistent with free will, though. “What’s past is past,” he says. “So if, in fact, my grandfather survived long enough to have children, traveling back in time isn’t going to change that. Why will I fail if I try? I don’t know because I don’t have enough information about the past. What I do know is that I’ll fail somehow.”

If you went to kill your grandfather, in other words, you’d perhaps slip on a banana en route or miss the bus. “It's not like you would find some special force compelling you not to do it,” Costa says. “You would fail to do it for perfectly mundane reasons.”

In 2020 Costa worked with Germain Tobar, then his undergraduate student at the University of Queensland in Australia, on the math that would underlie a similar idea: that time travel is possible without paradoxes and with freedom of choice.

Goldberg agrees with them in a way. “I definitely fall into the category of [thinking that] if there is time travel, it will be constructed in such a way that it produces one self-consistent view of history,” he says. “Because that seems to be the way that all the rest of our physical laws are constructed.”

No one knows what the future of time travel to the past will hold. And so far, no time travelers have come to tell us about it.

Is time travel possible? Why one scientist says we 'cannot ignore the possibility.'

would time travel ever be possible

A common theme in science-fiction media , time travel is captivating. It’s defined by the late philosopher David Lewis in his essay “The Paradoxes of Time Travel” as “[involving] a discrepancy between time and space time. Any traveler departs and then arrives at his destination; the time elapsed from departure to arrival … is the duration of the journey.”

Time travel is usually understood by most as going back to a bygone era or jumping forward to a point far in the future . But how much of the idea is based in reality? Is it possible to travel through time? 

Is time travel possible?

According to NASA, time travel is possible , just not in the way you might expect. Albert Einstein’s theory of relativity says time and motion are relative to each other, and nothing can go faster than the speed of light , which is 186,000 miles per second. Time travel happens through what’s called “time dilation.”

Time dilation , according to Live Science, is how one’s perception of time is different to another's, depending on their motion or where they are. Hence, time being relative. 

Learn more: Best travel insurance

Dr. Ana Alonso-Serrano, a postdoctoral researcher at the Max Planck Institute for Gravitational Physics in Germany, explained the possibility of time travel and how researchers test theories. 

Space and time are not absolute values, Alonso-Serrano said. And what makes this all more complex is that you are able to carve space-time .

“In the moment that you carve the space-time, you can play with that curvature to make the time come in a circle and make a time machine,” Alonso-Serrano told USA TODAY. 

She explained how, theoretically, time travel is possible. The mathematics behind creating curvature of space-time are solid, but trying to re-create the strict physical conditions needed to prove these theories can be challenging. 

“The tricky point of that is if you can find a physical, realistic, way to do it,” she said. 

Alonso-Serrano said wormholes and warp drives are tools that are used to create this curvature. The matter needed to achieve curving space-time via a wormhole is exotic matter , which hasn’t been done successfully. Researchers don’t even know if this type of matter exists, she said.

“It's something that we work on because it's theoretically possible, and because it's a very nice way to test our theory, to look for possible paradoxes,” Alonso-Serrano added.

“I could not say that nothing is possible, but I cannot ignore the possibility,” she said. 

She also mentioned the anecdote of  Stephen Hawking’s Champagne party for time travelers . Hawking had a GPS-specific location for the party. He didn’t send out invites until the party had already happened, so only people who could travel to the past would be able to attend. No one showed up, and Hawking referred to this event as "experimental evidence" that time travel wasn't possible.

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Time travel is theoretically possible, calculations show. But that doesn't mean you could change the past.

  • Time travel is possible based on the laws of physics, according to researchers.
  • But time-travelers wouldn't be able to alter the past in a measurable way, they say. 
  • And the future would essentially stay the same, according to the reseachers. 

Insider Today

Imagine you could hop into a time machine, press a button, and journey back to 2019, before the novel coronavirus made the leap from animals to humans.  

What if you could find and isolate patient zero? Theoretically, the COVID-19 pandemic wouldn't happen, right? 

Not quite, because then future-you wouldn't have decided to time travel in the first place.

For decades, physicists have been studying and debating versions of this paradox: If we could travel back in time and change the past, what would happen to the future?

A 2020 study offered a potential answer: Nothing.

"Events readjust around anything that could cause a paradox, so the paradox does not happen," Germain Tobar, the study's author previously told IFLScience .

Tobar's work, published in the peer-reviewed journal Classical and Quantum Gravity in September 2020, suggests that according to the rules of theoretical physics, anything you tried to change in the past would be corrected by subsequent events.

Put simply: It's theoretically possible to go back in time, but you couldn't change history.

The grandfather paradox

Physicists have considered time travel to be theoretically possible since Albert Einstein came up with his theory of relativity. Einstein's calculations suggest it's possible for an object in our universe to travel through space and time in a circular direction, eventually ending up at a point on its journey where it's been before – a path called a closed time-like curve.

Still, physicists continue to struggle with scenarios like the coronavirus example above, in which time-travelers alter events that already happened. The most famous example is known as the grandfather paradox: Say a time-traveler goes back to the past and kills a younger version of his or her grandfather. The grandfather then wouldn't have any children, erasing the time-traveler's parents and, of course, the time-traveler, too. But then who would kill Grandpa?

A take on this paradox appears in the movie "Back to the Future," when Marty McFly almost stops his parents from meeting in the past – potentially causing himself to disappear. 

To address the paradox, Tobar and his supervisor, Dr. Fabio Costa, used the "billiard-ball model," which imagines cause and effect as a series of colliding billiard balls, and a circular pool table as a closed time-like curve.

Imagine a bunch of billiard balls laid out across that circular table. If you push one ball from position X, it bangs around the table, hitting others in a particular pattern. 

The researchers calculated that even if you mess with the ball's pattern at some point in its journey, future interactions with other balls can correct its path, leading it to come back to the same position and speed that it would have had you not interfered.

"Regardless of the choice, the ball will fall into the same place," Dr Yasunori Nomura, a theoretical physicist at UC Berkeley, previously told Insider.

Tobar's model, in other words, says you could travel back in time, but you couldn't change how events unfolded significantly enough to alter the future, Nomura said. Applied to the grandfather paradox, then, this would mean that something would always get in the way of your attempt to kill your grandfather. Or at least by the time he did die, your grandmother would already be pregnant with your mother. 

Back to the coronavirus example. Let's say you were to travel back to 2019 and intervene in patient zero's life. According to Tobar's line of thinking, the pandemic would still happen somehow.

"You might try and stop patient zero from becoming infected, but in doing so you would catch the virus and become patient zero, or someone else would," Tobar said, according to Australia's University of Queensland , where Tobar graduated from. 

Nomura said that although the model is too simple to represent the full range of cause and effect in our universe, it's a good starting point for future physicists.  

would time travel ever be possible

Watch: There are 2 types of time travel and physicists agree that one of them is possible

would time travel ever be possible

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Is time travel possible? An astrophysicist explains

Time travel is one of the most intriguing topics in science.

Will it ever be possible for time travel to occur? – Alana C., age 12, Queens, New York

Have you ever dreamed of traveling through time, like characters do in science fiction movies? For centuries, the concept of time travel has captivated people’s imaginations. Time travel is the concept of moving between different points in time, just like you move between different places. In movies, you might have seen characters using special machines, magical devices or even hopping into a futuristic car to travel backward or forward in time.

But is this just a fun idea for movies, or could it really happen?

The question of whether time is reversible remains one of the biggest unresolved questions in science. If the universe follows the  laws of thermodynamics , it may not be possible. The second law of thermodynamics states that things in the universe can either remain the same or become more disordered over time.

It’s a bit like saying you can’t unscramble eggs once they’ve been cooked. According to this law, the universe can never go back exactly to how it was before. Time can only go forward, like a one-way street.

Time is relative

However, physicist Albert Einstein’s  theory of special relativity  suggests that time passes at different rates for different people. Someone speeding along on a spaceship moving close to the  speed of light  – 671 million miles per hour! – will experience time slower than a person on Earth.

Related: The speed of light, explained

People have yet to build spaceships that can move at speeds anywhere near as fast as light, but astronauts who visit the International Space Station orbit around the Earth at speeds close to 17,500 mph. Astronaut Scott Kelly has spent 520 days at the International Space Station, and as a result has aged a little more slowly than his twin brother – and fellow astronaut – Mark Kelly. Scott used to be 6 minutes younger than his twin brother. Now, because Scott was traveling so much faster than Mark and for so many days, he is  6 minutes and 5 milliseconds younger .

Some scientists are exploring other ideas that could theoretically allow time travel. One concept involves  wormholes , or hypothetical tunnels in space that could create shortcuts for journeys across the universe. If someone could build a wormhole and then figure out a way to move one end at close to the speed of light – like the hypothetical spaceship mentioned above – the moving end would age more slowly than the stationary end. Someone who entered the moving end and exited the wormhole through the stationary end would come out in their past.

However, wormholes remain theoretical : Scientists have yet to spot one. It also looks like it would be  incredibly challenging  to send humans through a wormhole space tunnel.

Time travel paradoxes and failed dinner parties

There are also paradoxes associated with time travel. The famous “ grandfather paradox ” is a hypothetical problem that could arise if someone traveled back in time and accidentally prevented their grandparents from meeting. This would create a paradox where you were never born, which raises the question: How could you have traveled back in time in the first place? It’s a mind-boggling puzzle that adds to the mystery of time travel.

Famously, physicist Stephen Hawking tested the possibility of time travel by  throwing a dinner party  where invitations noting the date, time and coordinates were not sent out until after it had happened. His hope was that his invitation would be read by someone living in the future, who had capabilities to travel back in time. But no one showed up.

As he  pointed out : “The best evidence we have that time travel is not possible, and never will be, is that we have not been invaded by hordes of tourists from the future.”

Telescopes are time machines

Interestingly, astrophysicists armed with powerful telescopes possess a unique form of time travel. As they peer into the vast expanse of the cosmos, they gaze into the past universe. Light from all galaxies and stars takes time to travel, and these beams of light carry information from the distant past. When astrophysicists observe a star or a galaxy through a telescope, they are not seeing it as it is in the present, but as it existed when the light began its journey to Earth millions to billions of years ago.

NASA’s newest space telescope, the  James Webb Space Telescope , is peering at galaxies that were formed at the very beginning of the Big Bang, about 13.7 billion years ago.

While we aren’t likely to have time machines like the ones in movies anytime soon, scientists are actively researching and exploring new ideas. But for now, we’ll have to enjoy the idea of time travel in our favorite books, movies and dreams.

This article first appeared on the Conversation. You can read the original here .

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Time travel is possible, but it’s a one-way ticket

Chenoa van den Boogaard , Physics and Astronomy editor

The ability to travel through time, whether it is to fix a mistake in the past or gain insight into the future, has long been embraced by science fiction and debated by theoretical physicists. While the debate continues over whether travelling into the past is possible, physicists have determined that travelling to the future most certainly is. And you don’t need a wormhole or a DeLorean to do it.

Real-life time travel occurs through time dilation, a property of Einstein’s special relativity . Einstein was the first to realize that time is not constant, as previously believed, but instead slows down as you move faster through space.

As part of his theory, Einstein re-envisioned space itself. He coined the phrase “spacetime,” fusing the three dimensions of space and one dimension of time into a single term. Instead of treating space as a flat and rigid place that holds all the objects in the universe, Einstein thought of it as curved and malleable, able to form gravitational dips around masses that pull other objects in, just as a bowling ball placed in the centre of a trampoline would cause any smaller object placed on the trampoline to slide towards the centre.

Courtesy and © of NASA

A computer-generated representation of Einstein’s curved spacetime. The Earth creates a gravitational dip in the fabric of spacetime which is deepest at its core. Courtesy and © of NASA

The closer an object gets to the centre of the dip, the faster it accelerates. The centre of the Earth’s gravitational dip is located at the Earth’s core, where gravitational acceleration is strongest. According to Einstein’s theory, because time moves more slowly as you move faster through space, the closer an object is to the centre of the Earth, the slower time moves for that object.

This effect can be seen in GPS satellites, which orbit 20,200 kilometres above the Earth’s surface. These satellites have highly precise clocks onboard that gain an average of 38 microseconds per day due to time dilation. While this time gain seems insignificant, GPS satellites rely on their onboard clocks to maintain precise global positioning. Running 38 microseconds fast would result in a positioning error of nearly 10 kilometres, an error that would increase daily if the time difference were not constantly corrected.

A more dramatic example of time dilation can be seen in the movie Interstellar when Matthew McConaughey and his crew land on a planet with an extreme gravitational field caused by a nearby black hole. Because of the black hole’s intense gravitational influence, time slows dramatically for the crew on the planet, making one hour on the surface equal to seven years on Earth. This is why, when the crew returns to Earth, Matthew McConaughey’s daughter is an old woman while he appears to be the same age as when he left.

So why hasn’t humanity succeeded in making such drastic leaps forward in time? The answer to this question comes down to velocity. In order for humanity to send a traveller years into the future, we would either have to take advantage of the intense gravitational acceleration caused by black holes or send the traveller rocketing into space at close to the speed of light (about 1 billion km/h). With our current technology , jumping a few microseconds into the future is all humans can manage.

But if technology one day allows us to send a human into the future by travelling close to the speed of light, would there be any way for the traveller to use time dilation to return to the past and report her findings? “Interstellar travel reaching close to the speed of light might be possible,” says Dr. Jaymie Matthews , professor of astrophysics at the University of British Columbia, “[but] this voyage is one way into the future, not back to the past.”

If we can’t use time dilation to return to the past, does this mean that the past is forever inaccessible? Perhaps not. Einstein proposed that time travel into the past could be achieved through an Einstein-Rosen bridge, a type of wormhole. Wormholes are theoretical areas of spacetime that are warped in a way that connects two distant points in space.

Image by Panzi, CC-BY 3.0

A visualization of a wormhole: The fabric of spacetime curves back upon itself, forming a bridge between two distant locations. Image by Panzi , CC-BY 3.0

Einstein’s equations suggested that this bridge in space could hypothetically connect two points in time instead if it were stable enough. “At the moment, even an Einstein-Rosen bridge cannot [be used to] go back in the past because it doesn’t live long enough – it is not stable,” Matthews explains.

“Even if it was stable, it [requires] other physics, which we don’t have. Hypothetical particles and states of matter that have “exotic” physical properties that would violate known laws of physics, such as a particle having a negative mass. That is why “wormholes” are only science fiction.”

While it would be fascinating to travel back in time to see the dinosaurs or to meet Albert Einstein and show him the reality of time travel, perhaps it is best if the past remains untouched. Travelling to the past invites the possibility of making an alteration that could destroy the future. For example, in Back to the Future , Marty McFly travels to the past and inadvertently prevents his parents from meeting each other, nearly preventing his own existence. But if he had undone his own existence, how could he have travelled back in time in the first place?

Marty’s adventures are a variation of the grandfather paradox: what happens if you go back in time and kill your grandfather before your father is conceived? If you are successful, how is it possible that you’re alive to kill your grandfather in the first place?

A recent study at the University of Queensland may have the answer to this baffling paradox. In this study, the researchers prove mathematically that paradox-free time travel is possible, showing that the universe will self-correct to avoid inconsistencies. If this is true, then even if we could travel back in time, we would never be able to alter events to create a different future.

While these new findings are enlightening, there appears to be more evidence that, although time dilation can allow us to glimpse the future, we will never be able to visit the past. As the late Stephen Hawking said in his book Black Holes and Baby Universes , “The best evidence we have that time travel [into the past] is not possible, and never will be, is that we have not been invaded by hordes of tourists from the future.”

Banner image by Alex Lehner, CC BY 2.0

240 thoughts on “ Time travel is possible, but it’s a one-way ticket ”

How do I go about time travel? what do I need how do I get those required things?

Very large ring magnets and some mathematics and will to see it in reality.

How about a sphere magnet ship…

hoe about 3d time and hemi synch or portals augmented reality,power of suggestion..drugs pcp binural tones frequency amplitude .virtual computing ie.

I’m a time traveling tourist, Stephen Hawking was wrong.

Time is simply a measurement of space under the amount given its mass and the amount of light and dark in which governs its mass in a 4dimensional reality step outside of the force in which permenates its flow one would reside there would be no past present or future there be a fixed permance of a constant here and now and so ok then what is to come.

Very well explained article !!

But I think if physics says time travel can be possible then it’s definitely possible. Considering not to go back to your childhood and fix things but rather can go to the past but as invisible person to them. So that,

No actions by you would impact your future.

Regards, Kirankumar DR

Tell me more

Yes.. I wish I can do this too 🙂

We will understand it better, by and by…

I have a theory for warp speed, but nasa would have to put it to the test…check my Facebook

I am reading for this drive , i am ready , without think my life safe or not

@Ravi chandila English translation please?

Please someone help me I just want to send a message to myself in my past.,to get the love of my life, he never revealed to me his feelings now my life is ruined by the decision of my elders Please help me, it’s question of my life and death. Nazneen

Is time travel machine is their, if the time travel machine is true can it move to the past . To bring back my lost life

That’s the problem you know.. it is not there that’s why we aren’t able to travel time..and yes it it will be built then you will be able to do so…..

damn my life is also lost and broken but still no one can give a time machine for free

DO NOT change the future. That’s why people like you couldn’t go. One wrong person to ruin it for the rest of us

On the point of time reversal, it is evidently impossible. The Uncertainty Principle prohibits spacetime reversal. The Universe is unable to remember its past (as a consequence of the Uncertainty Principle), therefore the Universe cannot reorganise itself.

Can I have to go on my past with another time travel it is a possible when just tell me about one thing that can I have to go in my past one year

we dont need magnets.we need a strong gravitational force to warp spacetime allowing us to travel through with speed of sound or speed of light or faster.we need to learn how to control such force carefully or it could be lethal.gravity slows down time.but it can theoratically work both ways.if we can reverse the gravity’s natural reaction we could speed up a spacecraft faster than light(its all relative(and theoratical))

I WAS ACTUALLY JUST THINKING THE SAME THINFG BEFORE READING YOUR PIECE. VERY WELL EXPLAINED, AND IT DOES MAKE ALOT OF SENSE. WELL DONE.

oh and I forgot to add it can be the key to look into the universe and also travelling time(theoratical).speed and gravity are the key to the universe(theory not proved)

All you really need is a crystal diode with 16 sides, a large pain of glass, and a frequency transmitter near a bathtub full of ice cold water….if you reach the right frequency you can travel through time forward and reverse…

Magnetized metal(VCR Reading Head), to read time out of the Magnetosphere all around earth. The Magnetosphere kills 2 birds with one stone- it protects earth and it records human time:

Mystery solved and I will explain, I was in a coma 3 months and I experienced things, I traveled time forward and backward, it is not a one way ticket. Movies and songs are recorded on magnetic tape in a VCR tape Cartridge or Cassette tape,   Magnetic tape recording works by converting electrical signals into magnetic energy, which imprints a record of the signal onto a moving tape covered in magnetic particles.   3D life on earth(a movie), and the Magnetosphere all around earth coming from the core of earth(MAGNETIC ACTIVITY) without Atom Made Tape, is like a movie on magnetic Atom made tape in a VCR tape cartridge. Revolution and Rotation is the motor(VCR).

This is why people have those freaky Deji’vu feelings like they have lived this before, BECAUSE YOU HAVE, and how people can be psychic, and how there is Prophecy in the Bible. When a person dies, their Spirit- MIND(Thoughts, Feelings, Urges(Physical and mental personality)) breaks out of human body- a stopped heart is what releases the spirit from the human body. Then the Soul(Life) with the memory of your existence in it breaks out of spirit and goes back to your birthday with a erased memory, meanwhile your spirit goes back in time to when you were a teenager starting the mental puberty, maturity from that adult spirit you died with in last life.In that old movie Star Wars or maybe it was the Empire Strikes Back, there is a scene where Princess Laya plays like a 3D movie, that is EXACTLY how its of life on earth.

Mr Snow, I believe you as I have seen it too. As humans we have deep knowledge of things we cannot rationally explain but you have done a great job here.

I thought that Analogy would be a better and easier way to explain, or in a picture of the earth from far out in space with the atmosphere around it looks like a DVD disk and the earth being the center sticker but is in 3D.

Actually you are on to several things here. I have also had the infusion of knowledge that also had to do with comparing life to recorded movies and music. I know you were using it to explain your theory, but I do think there is something there, I always have. When you watch a movie you are seeing the past. Why can’t you somehow use a recording as a base to go back into? I agree with everything you said here, and it’s worth looking into.

Jeffrey, very interesting idea!! Could be something to that. As far as your coma experiences, I think there are things we just do not understand and are nearly impossible to explain. Perhaps time IS like a video tape, or a DVD? Magnetism is one of the forces of nature. I too have had some odd experiences that suggest that we are able to perceive things beyond our five known senses.

I think if you have had a near death experience, such as being in a coma, then you have experienced the powerful hallucinations provided by the chemical substance DMT which your body creates naturally in times of extreme trauma, but also found in most plants and used recreationally by some who are brave enough and into that kind of thing. Your theory is interesting, but completely unproven and as far as I know untested. If things were so simple, I’m sure many scientists would have already thought of such an idea and tested it.

How do I travel through time

Be alive and live life to the fullest is the best way to travel through time ! OR Befriend grey aliens../ They may hold the key to the sum of all knowledge in the universe..

Sounds good will it work

Really log vaps mil sakte hau h kya

Can you plz explain I didn’t get it

You dont first all you are not experienced in the field of the space time continum and you could you upset the already fragile and multitude of alternate realitys that have looping due irresponsible ones who somehow gotten the technology causing another altered time frame there are a disarray multiple reality which are looping in earths 4dimensonal time frame time traveling is not for a vacation or just to get a joy ride its a serious and complex reality not be joked about it is a real thing and certain individual have are upset the balance of earths original time zone note now the gaurdians of this region of milky way the galatic order of the light keepers Angelic gaurdians of the (names with held)are working over time ooh nice pun (over TIME) ha wow to restore Earth back to a original time continum

Who said I want a joy ride, my life is devastated even my kids are suffering, I want to commit suicide but can’t leave my kids back, Being captive for most of my life, if my life is changed nothing will be disturbed, only thing happens is 3 life’s will be saved. And more so over I don’t want to travel I just want to send a message to myself in my past plz on the date of 30th May 1996. My life is ruined plz help me, it was my dad,brother, sister who pushed me into the dungeon and my husband and his family took over the charge of torturing me. Nazneen

I want to go back in time and tell my 5 year old self to burn the creepy dolls that my mom bought cause there is demons in it at the same time I will kidnap and torture my dad right now go back in time and show the younger version of my dad show him what will happen to his future self if he don’t get rid of those possessed objects and keeps letting my mom buy those antiques I’m 18 now I’m single no girlfriend no friend alone nothing very depressed too and I try to remember the positive things that happened in my life which there aren’t many tho but the demons keep squeezing my memory brain and my mom keeps on making so much loud noise including her damn mouth I have attempted to burn the demonic dolls but I only burned them for a minute or two with gas cause I was worried I might accidentally set my whole neighborhood on fire but then my mom threw it all in the recycle instead of the trash so the demons just keep bothering me its driving me nuts he he.

Access to a Quantum Computer Network on the web would be a good start. A series of ChatBots and webhook sites strategically placed in not only space, but in time. A series of algorithms and I think information can be transferred backwards to ones self…

How do we know that there are no horde of tourists among ourselves?

How do we know we’re all not tourists?

We’re all time travelers. We all travel into the future daily. 1 second at a time. Lol…

Agreed! I had the same thought!

Excellent question

If is possible, I would like to go back to: January the 1st 1975 & relive the 70’s as I prefer that decade to the awful one I am facing now, Back then We had more police our streets & left our front doors open, Those days were far much more better .

https://3netra.co.in/61-2/

Please do comment on my blog post regarding time travel

how about you ask the flash to help you

I need the time travel so I’m fails so many times i love time travel i have to go fast and future so i have no idea im travel is a my dream so my dream solution plz say me i have time travel so please help me someone please…..

I think you are over reacting

When we look at the stars now it is what they looked like years ago so what if we go to the stars and look down?

You cant go to the stars. It will just take billions and billions of years to go even to the next nearest star than our Sun- proxima centuri. Sorry to say, but do you think that you will be alive all those years??

You can do that without going to the stars… our planet reflects light as well thus making it visible from other parts of the universe…. has the word “reflection” crossed your mind ? 😉

Contact me on my hangout I will help you [email protected]

bro just time travel its not that hard

Please help me to time travel, can I see myself when I go back in time like Harmaini sees herself in Harry potter?? Or can I send messages to myself I know the particular date when to send. It’s not the mistake I had done in my past but it was done by my father and brother who are safe, happy enjoying their lives,my life is totally ruined Please help me. Nazneen

I want to go back in time to save my wife .it was a bad mastake she died .that could be changed i need to go back and save her. Please help me.yours gordon sutcliffe

Would love to hear more how it’s possible, as I am really so desperate to go back in time. I lost my wife 6mons back because of COVID and I will do the impossible things to make it happen.

DMT Experience

what is that?

Dmt experience. Time travel, out of body and sometimes superhuman capabilities.

Jump into a black hole

We have to lose something(the past) to gain something(the future) in time travel.Time cannot be played with.Am I correct.

you need to have d e t e r m i n a t i o n

Time machine is possible

speeder than light LOL

speeder than light cuz if the light break it limits it will move backward in time

Don’t Just don’t disturb the past

I want to go back in time and see my dad. I miss him.

mee too raina I lost my father the day before you posted the comment 18th may, crap it hurts me so much. I would rather die to bring those moments back….

Everything is connected . Time isn’t real .

It is universe we travel to and not a time line in one universe

Ask trump….Mandela effect…. dmt 5th dimension

u need an X-WING starfighter and a lightsaber to fight the knights at past and a R2-B2 to track

The fact that no one has time travelled to the past is the proof that time travelling will NEVER exist.

Others have. Portals open most of the time. Example: Miami Fl. Magnetic Material gets bombarded by the sun. Which fractures and formed portals within that area. Ley lines can lead to the portals of travel within miami for just to start. One can laugh or wonder if. In my experience jumping for the better the word of it (Movie Jumper) can be done. You can either Teleport or Time Travel. Our sun open these portals everyday. The best time when Sun spots start to emerge. All that electrons traveling at light speed is enough to rupture our magnetic fields on Earth. You will return of course. Like water on a lake or an ocean time will corrects itself. Your inner clock is your ticket back home. With a little math,fourth dimensional thinking,a magnetic meter, the right location,history research and luck. You may get to expirence it. First clue….cold spots…it may not be a ghost.

Plz can you help me please help me you can save my life

I wish I could help you, I can sense your sufferings.

You need a bag of hyperlink modules to start, then nuclear beepbeep gatangas, when you have that come back here and I will tell you what you need next.

You need high voltage beepbeep gatangas and a large broonasic magnet of about 450 Gauss, come back here when you have these and I will tell you the rest.

you need an old fashioned police box

If you rotate the center of the earth in the opposite direction, then the whole earth can be moved back in time, on the other hand, if you move the center of the earth and change its position by separating it from the part of the earth, then you will be able to time correctly. Let’s reach the other side.

How I could time travel any time travel machines inverted

give audition in the flash series..

I think that to go back in time you’d to travel faster than the speed of light since time stops at the speed of light but if you wanted to go back to say mlk’s assassination you would need to go at least 10 times the speed of light

You don’t want to, the moment you wrote that message is a historical point in time.

When time travel is possible, you should d̵͔̮͉̣̯̳͌i̩͒̍̆͟ͅs͎̲̖͙̺ͬ̽̊͆͢r̖̹͆͂̚͘ê̛̫̪̱͇̘̩ͬg̖͉̤͚ͭͣ̊̌͜a̯̗͚̬͍̱̦͑͂͒͡ṟ̝ͦ͗͘d͋҉̪̖̥͔̟̟͚̻ ͎̬ͧ̔́i̧͚̫̻̇ͮͫ̆t̩̻͉̩̘̰̠̫̓̂̕ ̦̻̳̦̉͆̊̇̀i̴̗͍̞͙͇ͣ̈́mͦ̑ͦ̚͏͚̜̬̹̘̟̭m̱͕̻͇̮̠̰̼ͫ̌͆͡e̢͈̜̱ͩd̵̦͙͔̭̹̃̿̈̚ͅi̛̖̬͓͚̩̝̗ͯa̦͎̭̣̭̘͔͙̅̏́ṯ̴̟ͥ̀͗e̵͎̭͓̟͗ͨ̂͒l̼͕͕ͦͦ͜y̸͙̯̺̘͉ͣ,͈̻͙̭̺̘̞̑ͫ͜ ͔̗̣͒͜d̶͇͚͉̦̞̗͛̍o̞̮̻̲̜̠̒ͩ̈́̀ͅ ̲̙̦̮̺̉́͂̏̀ṋ̞͖̌͠o̬͕̯̩͓̮̫̝͛ͩ̐͛͜t̼̙̿͊͆̕ ̲͚̲̬̦̗̐̀m̢̹̜̭̠̬͗̆ͣą̲̺̻͈̹͎̈́̇̉͛ǩ̜̪̱̀e̜̳͔͉̣͓̓͗͘ ̉҉̲̞̘͈ͅc̴̦̣̝͇͈̙̋ͥ́o̫͇͇̘̻̠̹͎ͯ̀n̺̹̣̦̔̇̾͢t͚̹͚̙̞̪̗̺̄͂͜a̞̗̖̻̩͉̋͛̆͘c͙̙̎͘t̻̠̣͉̹̠̣̲̐ͧͩ̈́̕ ̶͕̗̬̿w͓̞͍̹̰͖͉ͦ͐͡i͎̞̾ͦ̃̈́̕t̜̺̖̭̍ͦ͞h͙̰̬̖͎̰͛̇ͮͫ͡ ͣͯ͏͕̻͚̹̺ā̱̙̝̦̤̼̥͡n̶͔̜ͥ͆̌̋y̷͓̻̺̺͉͇̻ͨọ̱͙̜̈́̉ͣ̔͟ņ̦̟͔̜̫̗̒ͬe̡͕̮̓͂̚ ̡͓̘͚̭̹͔̉͐͋̽t̖͍͚̝̬͈̝͌͋͘ͅẖ̗̖͚̼͔͕͆̓̾͜a͈̣͍͕͍̋ͦͩͭ͢t̖̪̤̳͎̱̏͡ ̛̻̠̼̬̓ͫl̶̞̤̣͔̗͔̂ͅö̹̞̦̖͚̫̜̱́ͯ͠o̧̯̱̪̓ͮ̋k͉͎̝̻̓ͧ̕s̤͈̪̍͟ ̤̞̳͔̝̪̟̹̔̂ͨ͜h̛̝̲̰̻͗̅̏̃u̜̙͐̇̈͝m̧̞̮̟̦̳̟̊a̸͓̺̲̼̜͊͛̐n̶̳̮̒.͇̻͚͓̳̺̜̱͋ͬ͗ͩ͢

It’s Close I can feel it

Yes it becomes a history but my life also in the past changes and the present also with it. The way I’m suffering from the pain and want to end my life I’m 100% sure at least sure no one around me is or was as hopeless and horrible as my hubby I’m devastated I really want to send a message to my past it may not start but it will definitely change. I was forced, not given any option, my father and brother gave me wrong information and had no concerns for me. It was just survival for me. I repent for not killing myself when I had time, but now if I have a chance why not. Now when I’m out of my marriage I come to know a guy then had feelings for me, was madly in love and wanted to ask for my hand, now I want to inform my self and change everything plz help me.

I too would like to go back in time. I just wish he lived a happy eternal life. I would just like to repeat to come back in 2020.

I heard from a guy in Idaho that time travel is possible. You’ll need to go online and purchase a pogo stick looking device and make sure not to forget the crystals.

I think u need a black-hole-proof spaceship, go to the centre, escape the black hole and viola! You are now in the past. If you can’t escape, then you’d travel to a time where that black hole didn’t exist.

Believe me you time travel! If not physically then you do mentally,like you through dreams.

Though they sale it online, it would not take the chance. It is as simple as beating the speed of light and having some system to send you to the time you want. Time however is not real, and were just traving universes. It will all be in the open in 2028 according to other travelers.

All you need base on how to travel to time is very simple but had to find firstly find a way to get to space through a space rocket secondly find a very perfect consifigration for traveling to tiTme then find a very fast rocket that could create a form of force reaction in space in order yo enable fast speed in space for the break through of non gravity in space and make sure that while doing all you activities is not far away from planet and not also to close to planet earth and make sure that you are with wristwatchs whose time is set disame then you can to the future

Man you can get all you need for too build a time machine in your local store man, man I sure wished I’d kept mine but it frightened the heck off me man, sometimes when I fart I find a grape in my pants

time travel is a fake, baseless and delusional idea. If you believe in that crap then tell us if we are living in the future or in the past. To travel backward the entire system has to return all along with nature and events, it won’t be for you alone except time travel only happens in the mind.

you would need to get about 1,000,000 pounds of silicon and then somehow conduct enough energy to make 500 cars run without an engine and then go to a nuqular power plant and somehow make a portal. but the whole world could go out of orbit if you do that so I wouldent sugest it.

Time machine is good and bad because,with the time machine you will know about your future which is not good.

Is time travel actually a real thing because if it is then I need it because I am trying to go back in time to fix all of my mistakes

So what if time travel is the reason that we now believe there are other realities in our own world.this could be that a Time traveler we could only go back and couldn’t come back, and on doing so if you do something to change the past in stead make a new reality.making other things are deferent and ours realty stays the same . sometimes reality gets mixed up make the mandela effect that we see today

Time in the future it is faster then now. The past is slower so you can travel . It is up to you. One way is to meditate. You can travel and see any body you want right now. You can fly faster then light. That is one way. You go to the future. To go to the past you sleep for a long time. Some time you go to the future or the past. Your heart well stop and your body gets cold. Sometimes you can control it sometimes you can’t.

but how do we know that is really true ? i mean i want to figure this out, i want to time travel, but how is it that simple ? so many people have been trying to figure this out for many years and its that simple ?

Yeah what if you get stuck in there what do you do than

You cant go there in the first place. Dont worry. With current technology, we will only end up messing some few microseconds. Highly doubtful, if we can end up getting the news of travelling hundreds of years in our lifetime.

wait what would happen if someone saw you while you where in past/future i’m curious

Time is an illusion based on perceived reality and is only relative to our limitations. Time isn’t what it seems and all things can’t be figured out

Im on a school computer looking this up and i found this article and scrolling trough it and ive not heard one statement here as good as yours bro

This is blowing my mind people, then I see the school boy on the post. Great stuff, whoever reads this is already capable of travelling through time. Think about all people who have posted on this thread, now think about who will read mine. Now think of those €opposite trolls $ who never ever bother posting on you tube thread etc. But ONE comment from one of the time travellers who wrote on this thread. So that opposite troll is me,I don’t normally post.however because of previous comments I’m posting here. And I love the DMT shit I loved that and lived that one out in real life,,,,another day.

So my point is ifOne or two threads have made me write this….then what will my post make others write , think…..then I could travel back and not write this…. then what. Love the conception of time how can u travel something that doesn’t YOU perceive to be time, like a train can only run on its train tracks, a car can only drive on a road etc It’s posibble I know it is. Sometimes when u have fun times moves swift but locked in jail it goes snail pace. U c me. I write letters to myself from past from future. Remember everything that happens in present becomes part the past. But the future is what you hold in your hands. Question is, now you know….what the f are u gonna do about it?.. 01/04 ==== 21

Hahahah only realised school boy is named BIG dick pissing myself laughing I gotta go pee. Respect certified

so not halal mode

True so were not traveling in time. It is just different universe (on what we call) different time, day, tears, etc.

You would be scared for life

you will desepear

Maybe it has happened before and we just don’t know that they’re from the future. If people in the future time traveled, the would know that it’s dangerous to mess with the past and would pretend to be part of the past.

I believe time travel is already possible, however we cannot fix past mistakes without altering future predicaments. Say we stop JFK’s assasination, that would completely change the future from that point forward to one none of us can know/guess or conclude the effects? Other time travel purposes go to the future I think that from now our world will die off before 2096 basdd on overpopulation, global warming & polution as such creating islands of plastic waste in our oceans. The best thing my opinion go back to the garden of Eden, kill that Serpent Satan before he tricks Eve into the forbidden fruit. Then let God raise, enlighten & teach us how to be humanly sustainable on his planet & I guarantee technology & smart phones? Ain’t no part of it!!

Time travel possible but one n only theory of Stephen hawking

How it is possible to jump in time …??

Many ways. The most used is creating a black hole which can be done in a few ways. 1) traveling forwards or backwords faster than the speed of light 2) been known during heavy lightning strikes. Each way is a fast movement that opens the black hole. It has been done by the Government since the 1980s though they claimed they never beet the speed of light until 2002. However, Time is a illusion and their for we are actually traveling different universe that are differnt than ours even if the difference is by 1 thing. Each universe may have (what we call) different time, days and years. And each time we change that time line we created a new one. It is belief as CERN has said they destroy 5 universe, that they can travel to them. Since 2012 it has seem we been shifting and is now belief they have possibly came together. The event is known as The Mandela Effect.

No one has the right theory in my thinking. Only a few things are wrong. It is universes with (what we call) different time, days and years we are traveling to and not time itself as it is a illusion. Their is no stop to how much we can do, or where we can go. No limit as such say.

There is no God. No magical serpent or Garden of Eden ever existed. Basing a scientific theory on archaic stories does no one any good.

You choose a hopeless eternity. I choose hope through the promise of salvation through Christ for those who believe. You see, I have child in heaven. Thankfully, have a hopeful reality that I can embrace. There is a God. Our known universe is only 14 or so billion years old… is it mathematically possible that random molecules out of the Big Bang mixed in just the right way from to form a complex cellular organism… with DNA… and result in humans and such diversity of life forms? It’s naive to accept this as a result of chance. Think about it. How is that remotely possible without a creator?

Hahaha. You make it seem as tho the big bang happened, and we just popped into existence? Naw it’s called evolution baby, we started out as microscopic organisms, seriously, when did you drop out of school? But that’s like saying a some guy writes a book to explain away natural phenomenons that they were to stupid (un-evolved) to grasp and the concept good and bad and the eternal damnation, And thus, the Bible, and boom, everyone now was made by God, hahaha. When you can prove he/she exists, and that the Bible was a autobiography, and not just some twisted piece of Fiction, that has no real basis in reality, and cannot be proved to be more that a work of Fiction. Rather than being used as the16th Century control tact, ‘be good or you’ll go to hell’. But I guess that’s what they mean when they say ignorance is bliss, (maybe if I was as ignorant as y’all believers I’d believe to). But I can’t see how a ‘GOD’ would ever ask one of its creations to kill another.. Genocide, Crusades, all the ethnic cleansing.. All In the name of God Almighty! Hahahahahhaaa. Aliens are more believable than this shit, and theirs no proof they exist either. Hahahahaha. Fug’n Bible thumpers. ‘Step out side your faith and see the world for what it really is, a complex organism, mad of gravity and dust, quite a unique specimen! And we, yes Bible bangers, this includes you, are destroying it like the bubonic plague.’. ‘The end is coming and it’s our fault’

Have you taken the time to read The Old Testament and the prophecies therein that came to be ?.

How do you explain that ?.

My last post should read GS not G

You have not had an encounter yet with God. Don’t be so certain on yuour theory of evolution. He came and shook my reality to it’s core. Made thing possibly that no one could ever explain.

What are you talking about? Ur so wrong and funny in every way.

BlissfullyInformed just told me his comment was all an April fools prank. He believes in Jesus and was just fooling.

Time travel is very much possible just as you decided to come existence in this century meaning one can decide to be in another time zone . life is all about numbers, you just have to work on numbers

I’m pretty sure ppl don’t decide to come into existence. If that were true I wouldn’t be replying to your comment.

Un like your other reply, I understand what you mean. Each timeline (or universe as some see it) can easily be traveled to at will. No different than traveling threw your time you want to visit.

Science has proven a few things from the Bible is true. God does exist. Christians are confused with time and what it says. For a example. God created the world, as science even belives it was God who created the big bang, yet the bang has happen itself creating the moon, planets and stars. Christians also fail to understand chapter 1 and 2 of gen. spoke of two different creations which can be why we see dinosaurs before humans as chapter 1 spoke of animals first and humans 2nd. Their also was different time than, as without the moon a full day is 6 hours. It would take 4 days back than to equal are 1 day. Time is lost and Christians are just confuse on that time. That does not proof their is no God. As they have already found the robes of Jesus and remains of Noah’s ark, it proves much did happen. The bible only has less than 50% of what was written.

Changing the past is impossible, because if we went back into the past, that means we were already there during the time you experienced it.

We all know how to get into time travel but how do we get out……..

You don’t need time travel – all you need is life. And what is life? Life is the evolution of the impossible into the inevitable over an infinite amount of time.

if it is shown that if something, such as a solution to a particular class of equations, were possible, then two mutually contradictory things would be true, such as a number being both even and odd. The contradiction implies that the original premise is impossible.

This is called proof by impossibility. Thus if some traveled back in time far enough to kill his grandfather, we have the contradiction and therefore it is impossible.

You could argue that he would be able to time travel, but not kill his grandfather. However almost anything a person does going back in time would cause the same contradiction, thererfore it is the traveling back in time that is impossible.

Actually, it probably is possible to travel back in time, however to do so, you would also have to travel so far in space that you cannot see anything that happened before your current time due to the speed of light, because this to could affect the future.

The reason I am here is that, i really want to go back the day when our matriculation exam was just finished. Everything around me is peaceful and happy. Currently, I am living in dire situation. People are dying outside on the streets. Smokes everywhere. Everything is in doom. Ah, yeah. I really miss my past. If you are reading this, you can judge me in anyways. I just want to live peacefully and happily.

You must live in Portland

I entirely know what you say and how you feel, Robin. I am totally convinced that future is no promise to offer a better place to live. World is becoming unnecessarily more complex and more horrible and more insecure. Therefore, travelling back in time to a point where things were still far away from such ordeals is what I aspire. But I think if it is possible to travel back in time without the possibility of carrying our lived experiences with us, it will be useless as we will be repeating the same mistakes over and over again. Now, this begs the questions “in what type of physique could we imagine ourselves back there if such time travel becomes possible? That is, becoming younger again in a physical regression (as I said this would be a torture without having learned from all these later years)? Or appearing at our desired times in our present physique and age? I believe the most ideal one would be if we appeared at our desired point in time at the same age that we were at that point of time with a good feeling of our later lived experiences.

Mam all u need to do is just run faster as much as u can or visit the black hole because in both condition time just slow it down ….

Time travel is simple. If you do happen to travel to the past you create a new time line not affecting the time line you left. In essence you going to the past is now your future. Even if you were able to return you may never know if you remained in your time-line or created a new one. So even if you changed something in your travels it would happen in the future not the past.

Sorry time traveling is not possible, there is no way you can go into the past or the future ‍♂️. You can only be in the time you are already in.

Incorrect. General relativity allows time travel into the future. You need a space ship that can travel extremely fast though, approaching the speed of light, or you need to get close to a supermassive black hole.

It is travel into the past that there is no known practical way to do, and is probably impossible.

So what happens when we Die? Where do we go? I want to go back in time so I can meet my childhood friends…

Simple question from a simple mind:

At what point, when a person says they are from the future, do we stop throwing them in the funny farm and actually start listening??

When they show actual proof. Not just some random prediction of the future.

I don’t believe that “glimpses into the future” could be possible. If it were so, we could glimpse blueprints of the future that we could bring back to the present and build before they were invented. My personal.beleif is in any time frame there is only one active time which is the present. The past no longer exists and the future hasn’t occurred yet, so there is no such thing as ‘time travel’ except for the frame we are in now.

First off time is not real we make time if you travel anywhere all you are doing is beating the Earth speed try this for a mathematical equation the Earth travels a thousand miles per hour you’re not beating human time that is your own equation the Earth travels a thousand miles per hour a space shuttle travel 17,000 mph you can beat time that you made so time is not real you are only beating the Earth speed if you go in a space shuttle and go around the earth 17,000 miles per hour the Earth only travels a thousand miles per hour plus it has all types of gravitational pull from the Moon Earth’s access on the til t you figure out the mathematical equation I cannot time travel is real if you can beat the Earth speed and we can it has nothing to do with its 12:00 it’s 1:00 that’s not real time is made up as a mathematical equation you can beat the Earth speed you can go back into the Earth’s time in a space shuttle but you’re not beating anything except the Earth’s speed think about that one time is not real at all all it is is a mathematical equation think about that one real long

What I’m trying to say is this a space shuttle travel 17,000 mph the Earth travels a thousand you beat it 16 times faster that’s all you did you’re not beating any time you’re not beating 1:00 you’re not beating 3:00 all you’re doing is beating the Earth’s time you can go in reverse around the Earth 17,000 mph okay you can go forward with the Earth’s centrifugal force 17,000 miles per hour you’re not beating anything you’re beating a mathematically equation that we we created astronauts been traveling time for instance for years and haven’t told us because of the space shuttle that does travel 17,000 mph it beats the Earth speed 16 times a boggles my mind you have the Earth access the moon gravitational pull but you can get in a space shuttle and travel 17,000 miles per hour and beat the Earth’s speed 17 times think about it

If any scientist or anybody can actually answer this question how do you set up this equation with the Earth spinning a thousand miles per hour you have the moon pulling gravity the Earth’s access on until I want to know tell me then wondering for a while this equation popped into my head about 2 years ago I’m not a math whiz or anything I just thought about it weird how the mind works I’m not into space or any space stuff at all I’m Samanthas boy friend John antos wrote this

I liked your post and the knowledge you given. I also written a post on Time Travel.

how would any of that stuff be true because e’*34+Em would stop all the forss of vissecs and how would we do it if you now what i mean??? also thanks for the scuff for my project

I would love it if I had a real life time machine here with me now which could take me to anytime I want, the past, present or future. If I had a time machine here with me now, I would go to the past in September 2004 when I was born and give myself to another family that is actually rich and not this horrible family that I have now.

that not nice

Close but not quite right scientists of the idiotic variety, yes, you don’t want people to travel back in time to mess with their own pasts, of course, but you say it’s impossible, but it’s not, and I’m always ignored with my crazed crackpot theories, so what’s the harm in telling the truth as I see it, while it could be possible to travel to the past, here in lies the problem with rewriting the future, while some believe it’s possible to travel back in time, but it’s very expensive and definitely a one-way trip to the future or to the past. Basically Doc Brown got the mechanism for time travel almost right but the energy out put needs to be quadrupled instead, allowing for the ‘physical item, being or vehicle’ to transport through time without killing the time traveler in question. Wormholes are unpredictable, until warp speed for spaceships are a thing, it is not possible for the space ships to achieve time travel, unless they want to enter a black hole, which I would not recommend. as you need warp speed to survive the emptiness of the black hole, without being ripped to shreds. Say for example, Back to the future 1, the timeline doesn’t erase it continues on without the ‘said time traveler’ in existence basically the Marty from Wimpy George’s timeline did time travel to the past and messed with his parent’s meeting so to speak, but never return to the same timeline therefore Marty A went known as a Missing Child in timeline A, while it continues on without him, however Marty A became Marty B/C, in the Successful George Timeline. So that is what I’m talking about. the timeline changes only for the time traveler themselves the ones who are left behind don’t experience a thing of timeline rewritten-ism, as it would never happen in the first place. The other thing is if you want to mess with your own childhood, to make a better life for the past self, the key thing to remember it’s not really you. It’s an alternative version of you, that you interfered with. creating a parallel timeline to it’s original, yet slightly different. Yes it would be awkward to raise yourself. but as long as you are staying in the past, nothing should happen until the age you traveled back in time, unless of course you touched your past self and suddenly de-aged and merged with your past self, is an option 1, option 2 the future self explodes spreading guts all over the place and therefore the past self, of you became a murderer of your future self, I am more inclined to believe option 1 as option 2 seems a little too out there. Basically you would have two memories one of the former timeline and one of the current different timeline. Still traveling through time is truly a one way trip and if you want to travel through time, you would need some time travel mechanism, the way you scientist talk is basically a dream version, or an OBE version (OUT-OF-BODY-EXPERIENCE) which is basically a vivid/lucid dream which is not true time travel, the true time travel is based on the BTTF Trilogy not the idiotic versions you preach about. I believe I’ve said enough.

Mystery solved and I will explain, I was in a coma 3 months and I experienced things, I traveled time forward and backward, it is not a one way ticket. Movies and songs are recorded on magnetic tape in a VCR tape Cartridge or Cassette tape, Magnetic tape recording works by converting electrical signals into magnetic energy, which imprints a record of the signal onto a moving tape covered in magnetic particles. 3D life on earth(a movie), and the Magnetosphere all around earth coming from the core of earth(MAGNETIC ACTIVITY) without Atom Made Tape, is like a movie on magnetic Atom made tape in a VCR tape cartridge. Revolution and Rotation is the motor(VCR).

This is why people have those freaky Deji’vu feelings like they have lived this before, BECAUSE YOU HAVE, and how people can be psychic, and how there is Prophecy in the Bible. When a person dies, their Spirit- MIND(Thoughts, Feelings, Urges(Physical and mental personality)) breaks out of human body- a stopped heart is what releases the spirit from the human body. Then the Soul(Life) with the memory of your existence in it breaks out of spirit and goes back to your birthday with a erased memory, meanwhile your spirit goes back in time to when you were a teenager starting the mental puberty, maturity from that adult spirit you died with in last life.In that old movie Star Wars or maybe it was the Empire Strikes Back, there is a scene where Princess Laya plays like a 3D movie, that is EXACTLY how its of life on earth.

If only wish I could undo everything what I’ve done wrong in the past, I’d be more happier

And that my friend is absolutely what you do not or would not know. Everyone focuses on what they don’t or haven’t had rather than what positives they do have around them. To change the ingredients of a past life only changes the flavour you have in this life, it does not make you happier.

No, travel to the future is not possible. Like, future is unpredictable and always have been so give up on that field

Already has been, and has been proven.

Time travel is not so possible for every one , but there are already time travelers on earth #@*

Who are these time travelers?

Depends if it is the Governments (they done it since the 80s), or if it was a Accidental travel, or a simple us creating our own machine. Either way, one can easily find storys, and other evidence with a good research. I have a website that shows the effects of change cause by time travel.

They are out their (done by the government since the 80s) but the future is open with time travel (told its open since 2028) so they travel back much.

Time travel 101-

Create a closed loop circuit around a full metal structure, hermetically seal it and bring O2, Use two tesla coils to create north and south poles. (Artificial Magneto sphere.) Make sure to pain the outside in lead to prevent any cosmic rays from penetrating the materials on the inside. (Radiation = bad). Connect a ball made of w/e with wires that alternate the current from the coils to w/e panel on the outside of the structure to make it move via inductive magnetic / electric Lorentzo (Lorentzo = ExMfield = Velocity. = Antigravity) Create Antigravity by using forces from the inside reactor. (Pressurized Mercury, and Tesla Turbine.) Then Move 10-100x faster than light depending on the charged field, Friction will be added to the electric field instead of the craft allowing the G-forces not to crush you inside. The field will take the pressures of outer space, The temperature of space will allow for super conductivity of the structure.

Eventually you will arrive in the future, if you stay in one place. but account for the movement of earth in your travel log. To see outside you will need a monitor / camera system, as any leaks through a viewing area will cause death by radiation from the cosmic rays from the field you have created.

The O2 can be used as a backup generator, through air pressure and the tesla turbine.

There are many different ways to make wormholes, but the curvature of space is really hard to calculate to send a machine far out to the end and create a link with the machine that wants to travel there. And leaving one behind to get back.

If you can imagine it, it can be done. You just need the knowledge of not dying to complete it.

U.S.S. Tourist, You’re a time traveler or just insanely smart.

You don’t need to go the speed of light. Human Time is recorded in the magnetospere as a movie is record, ed on magnet VCR Tape or a song on a record. A VCR or record does not have to go light speed to retrieve the recorded info. All of life is recorded in 3D by our Magnetosphere. My Analogy is imagine a VCR tape cartridge being the earth, imagine life on earth being the movie but in 3D with out adom made tape, imagine Rotation and Revolution of Earth being the VCR putting all in to motion- playing. That is how its done, the magnetosphere kills two birds with one stone, it protects earth and records time, human time is in a magnetic bubble that is why the Bible refers our time is different from gods time and this is how God the maker(PLANET OF UNITED SUPREME BEINGS) can flip through our time to know everything. By the way long before life on earth, he built the original 7 wonders of world(Pyramids) to Pump the Seven gasses into the atmosphere of this planet found in the goldilocks zone, so Life can live on it, and that life of all types is his technological cyborgs that grow and multiply on earth also he seeded it with plant, trees, sea creature and things that fly,. Anyway that above is how time is recorded.

Until recently, I thought my neighbor was a crackpot until he actually invented a time machine. He utilized an ordinary closet, and showed me the sophisticated (to me) instrumentation he had installed. I was very skeptical at first, until he offered a small demonstration and entered the time coordinates and energized his invention. To my amazement, when I opened the door, the clock on the wall was 30 minutes later than when we stepped into the machine. OMG!!! Destroy this thing before it destroys us!!!.

So happy to have my husband back after 6 months of separation. get any kind of relationship/marriage help you want from….Robinsonbuckler11 @gmail com………………………

I find it odd that people say time travel isn’t possible yet… If time travel is possible, it has always existed. Meaning, there is not past present it future, only our perception of time. What we know as past present and future have always been occurring simultaneously, so travel was invited the moment the universe wss formed. Dinosaurs are roaming the earth right now, and forever. A version of me is typing this and has always been typing this, within this perceived moment of “time” and time travel has always happened, whether or not we exist in that reality at the right “time” to observe time travel is the only question.

I find it odd that people say time travel isn’t possible yet… If time travel is possible, it has always existed. Meaning, there is no past present or future, only our perception of time. What we know as past present and future have always been occurring simultaneously, so travel was invited the moment the universe was formed. Dinosaurs are roaming the earth right now, and forever. A version of me is typing this has always been typing this, within this perceived moment of “time” and time travel has always happened, whether or not we exist in that reality at the right “time” to observe time travel is the only question.

Their had to be one point however, when it was created and started, and for that, there was nothing but the current time. Once it was created, than we had a pass, present and future to which we can go back to millions of years to see Adam and Eve with the dinosaurs or go millions of years in the future. However, given the events that changes, each time a new time line has been created. We also have destroyed the planet and repopulated many times in the last million years. Each event changed, or something we do different (without traveling) enters a new universe where some things may be different or the same. Today are universe are shifting a lot.

To be fair, even if it is a one way trip into the past, that doesn’t stop machines going back. We could send a machine back and order it to do anything we want and then tell it to meet us at a certain time in the future. We send it back, then go straight to the meeting point we agreed and then we’ll be able to prove if it worked or not.

I’m a girl who has read a book about seeing future through a box. So is it actually possible?

Time travel has been done on purpose by the Government since the late 1980s. From research, the mostly use kids, or future Presidents. Their are some cases where people have been struck by lightning or came across some tragically event that cause them to leave their timeline either forward or behind in time. The Mandela Effect is the current cause of how things go wrong when time travel is not done right. Click on my name to see the website.

Even as traveling to a location as a future or pass date is possible as what people here mean. However, as you said, it is numbers. Time is a illusion and we do not travel threw time, just universe that are different than ours. What we call time dates and months is what changes each universe. We are all from different universes today as they came together. The mandela effect is a fine example.

thx to eleon wont we soon be able to digitize our conscious being, then accelerate that data pass the speed of light some how then download it into some android or something…..i dunno…..just a thought

I want to go to my elementary school again. Someone help me out, I know its Idiotic but stil.. I am not good at science. As far I understood, 1) we can trace through time if we travel fast than speed of light.. I think memory os the only thing that is faster than light, Yeah I can go to Paris within 1 sec in my memory but yeah its illustion, i want in real 2) Through Blackhole – I think its Bermuda triangle

if you travel back in time you will still be your age now. That is how it worked with others. No one gets younger otherwise traveling to far back would kill you. No school would let you return to school as a adult so not possible.

Plz help me I just want to send a message to myself in my past and save my self from a beast plz help Nazneen

Would love to experience many moments in life again for the first time again!

I think that time traveling should be left alone, for the sake of humanity. There are some things we’re not ready for yet.

Well stephen hawking may be wrong. I mean, the study proved that the universe self corrects itself to prevent inaccuracies. So maybe tourists from past do visit us but we don’t remember them as the universe alters our memory. If you guys have read about Butterfly Effect, a simple mistake today may grow through years to become a giant disaster in future so if you think of it, oncoming tourists from future may cause giant inaccuracies. Imagine this, You have travelled to past. You brought two cakes for yourself, so you pay the shopkeeper 20$. The shopkeeper invests the 20$ in stocks, strikes gold there and becomes a rich businessman.His daughter goes to Cambridge and marries someone else than the person she was supposed to marry according to time. Can you imagine the magnitude of inaccuracy after 100 years? Therefore, whatever the tourists from future do, is corrected by the universe and we don’t remember it. Creepy, but food for thought.It also adds a special meaning to the word ‘Fate’.

How much wacky terbacky (i.e. weed) you be smokin’ JOE JOE?

Hmmmm…. As brilliant of a mind as Stephen Hawkins was, how is he so sure that he would even recognize hordes of tourists from the future? Almost everyone is aware of the warning of the Butterfly Effect. So I’m sure any future visitors Intelligent enough for Past-Time travel would be amply attuned to this.

Most future people coming to the pass (our time) seems careless and not intelligent. Most are taking FBI lie detector test and telling us what is happening in the future. That is a bad idea, because if you tell us (example) who is the next President, and the Government does not like the person they than can change that event to let someone else in (as seen in 2020) One should never acknowledge who he or she is or why they are their. Most traveling is to get knowing of the pass or to pick up certain things. Since are pass is changing, events are changing and are timelines are messed up, someone made a mistake. The Mandela Effect is a fine example.

Wow that’s great plz help me go to my past plz,I can’t do it by my own at least help me send a msg to myself in my past Nazneen

I think it is possible, but time traveling is really just changing universe created by different time lines. Our whole solar system is in a whole different place now and Earth is much smaller in this universe from the one I grew up end. Someone has already changed the timeline.

Roads? Where we’re going, you don’t need roads!

Youre wrong about your measurement of speed for traveling, in order for time to slow down, with inside an object compared to outside. Scientists proved that time with inside an object at an excelorated speed actually appeared to have slown down during the duration of time for the test. The speed was far less then the terminal speed of a rocket for NASA at 256,000 kms p/h.

In to the volicity of space. Generating a vacuum of space, could be no different the the actual transport of matter over frequency where in fact matter can be carried by sound. It is believed that an alien civilization harnessed this energy in the form of bolisks that where believed to carry the same properities and in consideration of harmonic resinance, the simularities could be used in order to carry large weight. In accordance with a documentry on theoretical science.

However the properties, present the fact that a working property controdicts your counter intuative theory of gravitational deceloration of matter to colide within itself to absorb all things into non existance as to the transfer of matter into energy, rather then your idiolisms of transfer between dimentional space to another destination that is not linked or the transfer between time that isnt, either.

However to reproduce the fabric of time within space in a practical measurement as I have mentioned, would put an end to all the lunacy of an unmeasureable field, which people fail to identify. Like running into a glass window. Only to not know what forcefield is present.

Time travel into the past can be achieved simply going faster than the speed of light.

The closer you get to the speed of light the slower time goes

If you reach the speed of light time stops

If you go faster than the speed of light it starts to reverse

Why does no one seem to know this?

Christopher Reeves did this in Superman 3 brah.

Any time travel, pass and future, is by going faster than the speed of light. It is said by reversing that that you can go back in time. However, I assume since the Government has done this since the 80s they have better ways (maybe tying in a date) and not having to go to a unknown date.

I want to send a message to myself in the past on a particular date plz can you help me, this means a lot lot lot to me,plz help me Nazneen

Why don’t we drop the declaratory statements that it “is or isn’t possible!” Until someone actually does so. Just say “maybe”.

People have and their are records both to the pass and future. The Government has done it since the 80s as part of the “star wars project” and are much better at it today. This explains the black holes in the sky of 2019, and the CERN destroying 5 parallel universes in 2013. We also see changes because of time travel events changing time. The Mandela Effect is a find example.

I want to send a msg to myself and my family in the past ,is it possible plz help me my life will be saved one who helps me saves me and my kids from a pack of beasts,

The worst idea ever. We all want to do this and where does it stop. A lottery win does not sound bad if you knew the actual location, time and place. After a while though, would you not want to write that hit song, become the author of the Harry Potter books, stop 9/11? The idea of giving your pass self (a time time travel was not proven) information of the future could change things in a major way. This would cause one small thing to change creating many others to change. This has already happen in simple ways of the The Berenstein Bears changing to The Berenstain Bears. This is a small event but this event “The Mandela Effect” now has over 3,000 changes.

What if you decided to give your pass self information about a lottery ticket that would be a winner, bought late at night and he was hit by a car on the way to get it. Changes the whole future. However, If detailed right, done right, with no large changes, it may not effect much, but to know your being given info from yourself in a future time (when that was not known much or provrn back than) You would either assume it is a joke or you gone crazy.

I don’t want to win a lottery, my decision about my career and studying was right but my family and their cruelty has put me into this worst condition I just want to go back complete my studies and live a life like a human not like a animal or slave,help me plz Nazneen

Can someone take me to 2013? i can pay later to all of you in bitcoins so its a win win and you dont need to do anything, just wait

LOL but still complicating on my side

You travel in your dreams where time and space colloids ..That’s y sometimes the dream which you dreamt might be a 10 mins reel time but you felt dreaming whole time like 6 to 8hrs .. Probably even traveling to parallel universe

I agree. Dreams as we know it is not a simple sleep. The part of the brain we do not use while awake, we use at night. This is the phenomenon part of the brain that can do thing we feel a human can not do. We of course use less than 30% of our brain. By the use of 100% of the brain we would use both sides and be able to do common things such as read thoughts, move things without touching them etc. The idea of using this side of the brain, would be the theory we can leave our bodies and visit different universe, see what could of happen shall we done something different, and even see future events. This may be why we notice different memories to some things as we could of held some from another reality.

It would be very weird, however, if we were trapped in that universe, or another body and fail to return to ours. Is that how people die in their sleep?

i just fell like going to late 70’s, where i can see majority of family.. i am willing to trade life for it…..

Time travel to the pass is just as common as the future. However, as both has been done it is NOT travel threw time. Time is a illusion we created. We are actually traveling threw different universe with (what we call) different time, dates, years, etc. The Mandela Effect is a find example how traveling threw different reality’s change the time lines.

As a add on to the above, Time travel is not a theory, has been proven, and has been done by the Government since the 1980s. Their is many residue in our history to even show some time travel storys to be real.

Where can one get a reverse watch, is it really possible to go back in past with its help, is it sooo easy ,plz help me ??????? Nazneen

US20060073976A1- search this patent number,this describes the process for time travelling,I really don’t think magnetic energy will work,maybe heat focused on a specific point could expand the fabric of space and make a hole in it.even then I will the hole take you to another time.it would be one thing to time travel but selecting a point in time would be impossible.you could only travel to the time you device was built?

Is there a watch which back travels in time or reverse time watch? Is it true? How to get one? But with that how can I send a message to myself in my past, plz help Nazneen

I don’t believe such a watch exist and their are plenty of smart minds with huge funds trying to travel.right now there are only theories.

Thank you very much for your response. I just want to send a message to myself in my past. Nothing much will be changed but 3 literally dying devastating lives will be saved. We are suffering for the mistakes and egoistic arrogance of others so if possible plz help me

Traveling back in time isn’t just a when problem, it’s a *where* problem. Where was the place you’re standing right now a thousand years ago, or a thousandth of a second ago? There is no useful answer to those questions, so there’s nowhere to travel back in time to.

Traveling forward in time? You’re doing it now.

when you step through a door is time lost when you come back through? lets say you return days Later how much time did you loose. what exactly is Time,.? is dialation a safe way to return ,. a Blackhole will assist you in in travel, the question is will you arrive safe,.

Traveling back in time is impossible. 2 reasons why that are never taken into account.

A) The stuff you are made of ( subatomic material) is being used by something else. It I not like you are a facsimile of the already existing material. What you are made of is exactly the same existing material. The problem is exact stuff can not exist in 2 different places in the same point in time. You will either : Decompile or fall out of phase with the universe. Both bad outcomes for the time traveler.

B) Lets look at it from logical commonsense. You have a bar of gold . You intend to send the bar back 1 second in time. Now you have 2 bars of gold . You send those 2 bars back one second . You have 4 bars …… do that 50 times . You have over 900 trillion bars of gold. All made of the exact subatomic particles. The more the bars back the more the existing mass of the universe increase. What are the consequences of changing the mass of the universe . Hence the paradox . Information can not be destroyed., It also can not be created.

At least this is the way my brain perceives going back in time.

Time is a function of change. None of the 4 forces The strong force , The weak force , Electromagnetism and Gravity can not work without time.

I will figure out time travel one day but only for the past.

I wish I could travel back to 18th of June to save my mom.

Is time travel really a one way ticket? Theoretically, if you can go one way, you should be able to go back.

Time is not one way. It’s consequences are however irreparable given certain circumstances and is not something that should be taken lightly or thought of in a manner of disregard. I’ve only very recently decided to take to your social platforms regarding space and time.

You can try finding me on Instagram. I’m not familiar with these platforms to better direct you there. My Instagram name is johnrvh

On Twitter it seems to be @_JohnRvH

If I go forward I will have to pay extra bills and taxes. I don’t think I can afford it.

You’re the first person I’ve come across in this timeline that has a sense of humor. Thankfully, going forward is not possible if that future hasn’t been created yet.

timetraval is no joke if its created the whole universe could go out of orbit.

Cauchy problem converging to non minimal terraces as t → +∞

Stephen Hawking may he rest in peace a genius but not all knowing. As far as he knows we haven’t been flocked by tourists, in the same maybe these UFO sightings are actually time travelers from the future coming to the past to view how we really lived why things really happened the way they did, etc. To limit the imagination of possible and impossible is wrong then you create fantasy. And we have learned from history that there is truth in fantasy. I.e. the different mythos of the different ancient cultures from around the world including those of the Norse. Improbable and probable should be more appropriate. It’s possible because it can be imagined improbable die to the right math or this or that not existing or matching up. I also believe that if time travel to the past were possible that the changing of something in the past would create a new timeline running current with your timeline at which will inevitably collide and will cause the collapse of the universe at which point a new universe will be born.

so i think the speed of light is only relative to deciding a point of destination -initially- as specific gravity of destination needs to be ascertained to calculate the frequency needed to run an alcubierre-white engine to bend space correctly to cross space ‘quickly’, the point of reference may well be jupiter in our solar system for the fact of the moons that orbit it, i surmise that by using a ‘dead end ‘ equation that usually puts notable mathematicians into the outer regions by trying to solve it may actually be the key as calculations end in a loop of 4-2-1 ie 3N+1; this process of calculation creates a sine wave over time/distance relative to specific gravity of chosen destination – as time is determined by gravity therefore if the speed of light to a destination can be used to ascertain the specific gravity of a ‘body’ to visit ie a star or sun due to receivable resonant frequencies emitted by the body, then the constrictions of the speed of light do not exist other than to give a constant, by using the 3N+1 method of calculation ,once the speed of light and returning resonant frequencies of a destination are determined the calculation can be extrapolated to match the distance giving the end point -in doing this the sine wave required can be ascertained and be condensed to create a wormhole and allow the alcubierre-white engine to ‘bend or distort space enough so that the bubble you are in matches the required specific gravity of the destination – the frequency of the body nearest to the destination point should be used and resonated inside the bubble to create synchronicity of frequency and cause attraction i also believe that travelling through space require the ability to see things from different perspectives and it requires the ability to navigate through a series of what may be described as “Aims Windows” where your point of view needs to change inherently with a given position at a given point in the galaxy

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Paradox-Free Time Travel Is Theoretically Possible, Researchers Say

Matthew S. Schwartz 2018 square

Matthew S. Schwartz

would time travel ever be possible

A dog dressed as Marty McFly from Back to the Future attends the Tompkins Square Halloween Dog Parade in 2015. New research says time travel might be possible without the problems McFly encountered. Timothy A. Clary/AFP via Getty Images hide caption

A dog dressed as Marty McFly from Back to the Future attends the Tompkins Square Halloween Dog Parade in 2015. New research says time travel might be possible without the problems McFly encountered.

"The past is obdurate," Stephen King wrote in his book about a man who goes back in time to prevent the Kennedy assassination. "It doesn't want to be changed."

Turns out, King might have been on to something.

Countless science fiction tales have explored the paradox of what would happen if you went back in time and did something in the past that endangered the future. Perhaps one of the most famous pop culture examples is in Back to the Future , when Marty McFly goes back in time and accidentally stops his parents from meeting, putting his own existence in jeopardy.

But maybe McFly wasn't in much danger after all. According a new paper from researchers at the University of Queensland, even if time travel were possible, the paradox couldn't actually exist.

Researchers ran the numbers and determined that even if you made a change in the past, the timeline would essentially self-correct, ensuring that whatever happened to send you back in time would still happen.

"Say you traveled in time in an attempt to stop COVID-19's patient zero from being exposed to the virus," University of Queensland scientist Fabio Costa told the university's news service .

"However, if you stopped that individual from becoming infected, that would eliminate the motivation for you to go back and stop the pandemic in the first place," said Costa, who co-authored the paper with honors undergraduate student Germain Tobar.

"This is a paradox — an inconsistency that often leads people to think that time travel cannot occur in our universe."

A variation is known as the "grandfather paradox" — in which a time traveler kills their own grandfather, in the process preventing the time traveler's birth.

The logical paradox has given researchers a headache, in part because according to Einstein's theory of general relativity, "closed timelike curves" are possible, theoretically allowing an observer to travel back in time and interact with their past self — potentially endangering their own existence.

But these researchers say that such a paradox wouldn't necessarily exist, because events would adjust themselves.

Take the coronavirus patient zero example. "You might try and stop patient zero from becoming infected, but in doing so, you would catch the virus and become patient zero, or someone else would," Tobar told the university's news service.

In other words, a time traveler could make changes, but the original outcome would still find a way to happen — maybe not the same way it happened in the first timeline but close enough so that the time traveler would still exist and would still be motivated to go back in time.

"No matter what you did, the salient events would just recalibrate around you," Tobar said.

The paper, "Reversible dynamics with closed time-like curves and freedom of choice," was published last week in the peer-reviewed journal Classical and Quantum Gravity . The findings seem consistent with another time travel study published this summer in the peer-reviewed journal Physical Review Letters. That study found that changes made in the past won't drastically alter the future.

Bestselling science fiction author Blake Crouch, who has written extensively about time travel, said the new study seems to support what certain time travel tropes have posited all along.

"The universe is deterministic and attempts to alter Past Event X are destined to be the forces which bring Past Event X into being," Crouch told NPR via email. "So the future can affect the past. Or maybe time is just an illusion. But I guess it's cool that the math checks out."

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Is time travel even possible? An astrophysicist explains the science behind the science fiction

would time travel ever be possible

Assistant Professor of Astronomy and Astrophysics, University of Maryland, Baltimore County

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Adi Foord does not work for, consult, own shares in or receive funding from any company or organisation that would benefit from this article, and has disclosed no relevant affiliations beyond their academic appointment.

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would time travel ever be possible

Curious Kids is a series for children of all ages. If you have a question you’d like an expert to answer, send it to [email protected] .

Will it ever be possible for time travel to occur? – Alana C., age 12, Queens, New York

Have you ever dreamed of traveling through time, like characters do in science fiction movies? For centuries, the concept of time travel has captivated people’s imaginations. Time travel is the concept of moving between different points in time, just like you move between different places. In movies, you might have seen characters using special machines, magical devices or even hopping into a futuristic car to travel backward or forward in time.

But is this just a fun idea for movies, or could it really happen?

The question of whether time is reversible remains one of the biggest unresolved questions in science. If the universe follows the laws of thermodynamics , it may not be possible. The second law of thermodynamics states that things in the universe can either remain the same or become more disordered over time.

It’s a bit like saying you can’t unscramble eggs once they’ve been cooked. According to this law, the universe can never go back exactly to how it was before. Time can only go forward, like a one-way street.

Time is relative

However, physicist Albert Einstein’s theory of special relativity suggests that time passes at different rates for different people. Someone speeding along on a spaceship moving close to the speed of light – 671 million miles per hour! – will experience time slower than a person on Earth.

People have yet to build spaceships that can move at speeds anywhere near as fast as light, but astronauts who visit the International Space Station orbit around the Earth at speeds close to 17,500 mph. Astronaut Scott Kelly has spent 520 days at the International Space Station, and as a result has aged a little more slowly than his twin brother – and fellow astronaut – Mark Kelly. Scott used to be 6 minutes younger than his twin brother. Now, because Scott was traveling so much faster than Mark and for so many days, he is 6 minutes and 5 milliseconds younger .

Some scientists are exploring other ideas that could theoretically allow time travel. One concept involves wormholes , or hypothetical tunnels in space that could create shortcuts for journeys across the universe. If someone could build a wormhole and then figure out a way to move one end at close to the speed of light – like the hypothetical spaceship mentioned above – the moving end would age more slowly than the stationary end. Someone who entered the moving end and exited the wormhole through the stationary end would come out in their past.

However, wormholes remain theoretical: Scientists have yet to spot one. It also looks like it would be incredibly challenging to send humans through a wormhole space tunnel.

Paradoxes and failed dinner parties

There are also paradoxes associated with time travel. The famous “ grandfather paradox ” is a hypothetical problem that could arise if someone traveled back in time and accidentally prevented their grandparents from meeting. This would create a paradox where you were never born, which raises the question: How could you have traveled back in time in the first place? It’s a mind-boggling puzzle that adds to the mystery of time travel.

Famously, physicist Stephen Hawking tested the possibility of time travel by throwing a dinner party where invitations noting the date, time and coordinates were not sent out until after it had happened. His hope was that his invitation would be read by someone living in the future, who had capabilities to travel back in time. But no one showed up.

As he pointed out : “The best evidence we have that time travel is not possible, and never will be, is that we have not been invaded by hordes of tourists from the future.”

Telescopes are time machines

Interestingly, astrophysicists armed with powerful telescopes possess a unique form of time travel. As they peer into the vast expanse of the cosmos, they gaze into the past universe. Light from all galaxies and stars takes time to travel, and these beams of light carry information from the distant past. When astrophysicists observe a star or a galaxy through a telescope, they are not seeing it as it is in the present, but as it existed when the light began its journey to Earth millions to billions of years ago.

NASA’s newest space telescope, the James Webb Space Telescope , is peering at galaxies that were formed at the very beginning of the Big Bang, about 13.7 billion years ago.

While we aren’t likely to have time machines like the ones in movies anytime soon, scientists are actively researching and exploring new ideas. But for now, we’ll have to enjoy the idea of time travel in our favorite books, movies and dreams.

Hello, curious kids! Do you have a question you’d like an expert to answer? Ask an adult to send your question to [email protected] . Please tell us your name, age and the city where you live.

And since curiosity has no age limit – adults, let us know what you’re wondering, too. We won’t be able to answer every question, but we will do our best.

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Is time travel even possible? An astrophysicist explains the science behind the science fiction

Curious Kids is a series for children of all ages. If you have a question you’d like an expert to answer, send it to [email protected] .

Will it ever be possible for time travel to occur? – Alana C., age 12, Queens, New York

Have you ever dreamed of traveling through time, like characters do in science fiction movies? For centuries, the concept of time travel has captivated people’s imaginations. Time travel is the concept of moving between different points in time, just like you move between different places. In movies, you might have seen characters using special machines, magical devices or even hopping into a futuristic car to travel backward or forward in time.

But is this just a fun idea for movies, or could it really happen?

The question of whether time is reversible remains one of the biggest unresolved questions in science. If the universe follows the laws of thermodynamics , it may not be possible. The second law of thermodynamics states that things in the universe can either remain the same or become more disordered over time.

It’s a bit like saying you can’t unscramble eggs once they’ve been cooked. According to this law, the universe can never go back exactly to how it was before. Time can only go forward, like a one-way street.

Time is relative

However, physicist Albert Einstein’s theory of special relativity suggests that time passes at different rates for different people. Someone speeding along on a spaceship moving close to the speed of light – 671 million miles per hour! – will experience time slower than a person on Earth.

People have yet to build spaceships that can move at speeds anywhere near as fast as light, but astronauts who visit the International Space Station orbit around the Earth at speeds close to 17,500 mph. Astronaut Scott Kelly has spent 520 days at the International Space Station, and as a result has aged a little more slowly than his twin brother – and fellow astronaut – Mark Kelly. Scott used to be 6 minutes younger than his twin brother. Now, because Scott was traveling so much faster than Mark and for so many days, he is 6 minutes and 5 milliseconds younger .

Some scientists are exploring other ideas that could theoretically allow time travel. One concept involves wormholes , or hypothetical tunnels in space that could create shortcuts for journeys across the universe. If someone could build a wormhole and then figure out a way to move one end at close to the speed of light – like the hypothetical spaceship mentioned above – the moving end would age more slowly than the stationary end. Someone who entered the moving end and exited the wormhole through the stationary end would come out in their past.

However, wormholes remain theoretical: Scientists have yet to spot one. It also looks like it would be incredibly challenging to send humans through a wormhole space tunnel.

Paradoxes and failed dinner parties

There are also paradoxes associated with time travel. The famous “ grandfather paradox ” is a hypothetical problem that could arise if someone traveled back in time and accidentally prevented their grandparents from meeting. This would create a paradox where you were never born, which raises the question: How could you have traveled back in time in the first place? It’s a mind-boggling puzzle that adds to the mystery of time travel.

Famously, physicist Stephen Hawking tested the possibility of time travel by throwing a dinner party where invitations noting the date, time and coordinates were not sent out until after it had happened. His hope was that his invitation would be read by someone living in the future, who had capabilities to travel back in time. But no one showed up.

As he pointed out : “The best evidence we have that time travel is not possible, and never will be, is that we have not been invaded by hordes of tourists from the future.”

Telescopes are time machines

Interestingly, astrophysicists armed with powerful telescopes possess a unique form of time travel. As they peer into the vast expanse of the cosmos, they gaze into the past universe. Light from all galaxies and stars takes time to travel, and these beams of light carry information from the distant past. When astrophysicists observe a star or a galaxy through a telescope, they are not seeing it as it is in the present, but as it existed when the light began its journey to Earth millions to billions of years ago.

NASA’s newest space telescope, the James Webb Space Telescope , is peering at galaxies that were formed at the very beginning of the Big Bang, about 13.7 billion years ago.

While we aren’t likely to have time machines like the ones in movies anytime soon, scientists are actively researching and exploring new ideas. But for now, we’ll have to enjoy the idea of time travel in our favorite books, movies and dreams.

Hello, curious kids! Do you have a question you’d like an expert to answer? Ask an adult to send your question to [email protected] . Please tell us your name, age and the city where you live.

And since curiosity has no age limit – adults, let us know what you’re wondering, too. We won’t be able to answer every question, but we will do our best.

This article is republished from The Conversation , a nonprofit, independent news organization bringing you facts and trustworthy analysis to help you make sense of our complex world.Like this article? Subscribe to our weekly newsletter .

It was written by: Adi Foord , University of Maryland, Baltimore County .

New postage stamp honors Chien-Shiung Wu, trailblazing nuclear physicist

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Sci-fi books are rare in school even though they help kids better understand science

Adi Foord does not work for, consult, own shares in or receive funding from any company or organization that would benefit from this article, and has disclosed no relevant affiliations beyond their academic appointment.

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Exploring the Reality of Time Travel: Science Fact vs. Science Fiction

By Adi Foord, University of Maryland, Baltimore County November 16, 2023

Time Travel Machine Art Concept

Time travel, a longstanding fascination in science fiction, remains a complex and unresolved concept in science. The second law of thermodynamics suggests time can only move forward, while Einstein’s theory of relativity shows time’s relativity to speed. Theoretical ideas like wormholes offer potential methods, but practical challenges and paradoxes, such as the “grandfather paradox,” complicate the feasibility of actual time travel.

Will it ever be possible for time travel to occur?

Have you ever dreamed of traveling through time, like characters do in science fiction movies? For centuries, the concept of time travel has captivated people’s imaginations. Time travel is the concept of moving between different points in time, just like you move between different places. In movies, you might have seen characters using special machines, magical devices or even hopping into a futuristic car to travel backward or forward in time.

But is this just a fun idea for movies, or could it really happen?

The Science Behind Time Travel

The question of whether time is reversible remains one of the biggest unresolved questions in science. If the universe follows the laws of thermodynamics , it may not be possible. The second law of thermodynamics states that things in the universe can either remain the same or become more disordered over time.

It’s a bit like saying you can’t unscramble eggs once they’ve been cooked. According to this law, the universe can never go back exactly to how it was before. Time can only go forward, like a one-way street.

Time Is Relative

However, physicist Albert Einstein’s theory of special relativity suggests that time passes at different rates for different people. Someone speeding along on a spaceship moving close to the speed of light – 671 million miles per hour! – will experience time slower than a person on Earth.

People have yet to build spaceships that can move at speeds anywhere near as fast as light, but astronauts who visit the International Space Station orbit around the Earth at speeds close to 17,500 mph. Astronaut Scott Kelly has spent 520 days at the International Space Station, and as a result has aged a little more slowly than his twin brother – and fellow astronaut – Mark Kelly. Scott used to be 6 minutes younger than his twin brother. Now, because Scott was traveling so much faster than Mark and for so many days, he is 6 minutes and 5 milliseconds younger .

Theoretical Possibilities and Challenges

Some scientists are exploring other ideas that could theoretically allow time travel. One concept involves wormholes, or hypothetical tunnels in space that could create shortcuts for journeys across the universe. If someone could build a wormhole and then figure out a way to move one end at close to the speed of light – like the hypothetical spaceship mentioned above – the moving end would age more slowly than the stationary end. Someone who entered the moving end and exited the wormhole through the stationary end would come out in their past.

However, wormholes remain theoretical: Scientists have yet to spot one. It also looks like it would be incredibly challenging to send humans through a wormhole space tunnel.

Paradoxes and Failed Dinner Parties

There are also paradoxes associated with time travel. The famous “ grandfather paradox ” is a hypothetical problem that could arise if someone traveled back in time and accidentally prevented their grandparents from meeting. This would create a paradox where you were never born, which raises the question: How could you have traveled back in time in the first place? It’s a mind-boggling puzzle that adds to the mystery of time travel.

Famously, physicist Stephen Hawking tested the possibility of time travel by throwing a dinner party where invitations noting the date, time, and coordinates were not sent out until after it had happened. His hope was that his invitation would be read by someone living in the future, who had capabilities to travel back in time. But no one showed up.

As he pointed out : “The best evidence we have that time travel is not possible, and never will be, is that we have not been invaded by hordes of tourists from the future.”

James Webb Space Telescope Artist Conception

Artist’s rendering of the James Webb Space Telescope. Credit: Northrop Grumman

Telescopes Are Time Machines

Interestingly, astrophysicists armed with powerful telescopes possess a unique form of time travel . As they peer into the vast expanse of the cosmos, they gaze into the past universe. Light from all galaxies and stars takes time to travel, and these beams of light carry information from the distant past. When astrophysicists observe a star or a galaxy through a telescope, they are not seeing it as it is in the present, but as it existed when the light began its journey to Earth millions to billions of years ago.

NASA’s newest space telescope , the James Webb Space Telescope , is peering at galaxies that were formed at the very beginning of the Big Bang , about 13.7 billion years ago.

While we aren’t likely to have time machines like the ones in movies anytime soon, scientists are actively researching and exploring new ideas. But for now, we’ll have to enjoy the idea of time travel in our favorite books, movies, and dreams.

Written by Adi Foord, Assistant Professor of Astronomy and Astrophysics, University of Maryland, Baltimore County.

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11 comments on "exploring the reality of time travel: science fact vs. science fiction".

would time travel ever be possible

Until the problem of the second law of thermodynamics(entropy) is solved, the concept of time travel will remain the subject of science fiction. Since this is a basic law of our universe, there is no conceivable way that we know of to do this. The great thing about our knowledge of the universe is that it continues to grow and with that our view of what is possible continues to change. After all, at one time it was believed we could never leave earth!

would time travel ever be possible

The 7 planets are soul pollen in the space @ life has been the world has been prepared @ The pollen of the universe is hidden @ Around the axis of the galaxy, the universe is hidden@@ The pollen of the galaxies is a hidden cluster Itis made that we thought about what wisdom is in God’s work and how it is arranged in the form of words.The verse that is made is as follows @@ John, you are in time @ worlds, planets around the axis of the branches of galaxies @@ 8 Prophets, divine prophets, God-aware witnesses @ God’s words of revelation, they are aware @@ 48 What the words of revelation that every prophet has about @ sometimes Sometimes the message of God has become a verbal cliché in the head @@ 62 The message of God was given to every prophet @ The message was made around the power of God @@ 46 The truth of the religions of the cradle of time is said in the world @ Prophets always came for justice in time @@ 62 A warrior became brave in time @ Delaver Ghahrmani Boud Taarani@@ 43 Omar Noah never died, who knows!@ Imransan Is there an unseen world, immortality!?@@ 49 Men’s rights in the sign @ Human rights, the observance of world justice @@ 40 We have God’s love @ A love that is not patched, separation!!!: @@ 39 Take one word from the end of the first and second stanzas to the bottom of these eight verbal verses, and this sentence is made @@ God-aware, the world is born, you know the sign of God @ Agah,the beginning of time, the world, eternity, the world of separation @@ The meaning of this sentence is That God, who before us humans lived on the earth, formed the earth’s crusts with full knowledge, and we humans know the sign of God, which is on the earth, on the continents and countries, and some names have been shown by God for our knowledge since the end of time.In a later video, if I have a lifetime left, I will explain exactly about these poems, God willing @@ The word of the Prophet 17 is the 17th and Muhammad (PBUH) said that the Bedouin Arabs should pray 17 rakats so that theyperform ablution and be clean and not kill and loot.From the caravans, these were all God’s will, and he is good everywhere, in every nation, God does not like evildoers, sinners, and oppressors.Muhammad (PBUH) was God’s last messenger to the Arab people, he was God’s best prophet, and the third verse is because they do not accept Muhammad (PBUH).Some Iranians who were in contact with me, that’s why in the third verse of this surah, he said that his message was given to every prophet, the message is based on divine power, and the word truth, the first two letters of which istruth, is truth, and truth is the 43rd and forty-third word, and the word is time.It is exactly 46, and this song of the Prophets was revealed at the age of 46 ببخشید اگر قبلآ مطالبی فرستادم که به مذاهب مذاهم ارتباط داد شاید به درد شما نمیخورد من در کامنت های بعدی سعی میکنم از نجوم و حیات زمین سخن بگویم این چند بیت را به خارجی انگلیسی که تبدیل کردم معنی آن حیرت انگیز تعغیر کرد گفتم برای شما بفرستم و بداند که این کلام من نبوده کلام خداوند بوده شما نظرتان در مورد خداوند چیست من میگویم خداوند که پدر ومادر انسان بودند قادر به ساختن ما بودند اما آیا آنها قادر به ساختن ستاره ها هم بودند

would time travel ever be possible

Your comment has validity to God. But it surely has no place here, it is only fare if the hole comment were in english and has less of a convincing push in a belief a person either believes or not.

I thank Johnson for saying that my opinion is valid before God.I read Johnson’s other comments about time.Johnson said that time is forward in physics.Time is determined by us.Previously, Einstein said that if an object moves faster than light, time It becomes zero, and it was said that there is a fourth dimension, I should say that they move a thousand times the speed of physical light, time does not become zero,and the world has three dimensions, length, width, height, but we determined and interpreted this length, width, and height, and we must determine the fourth dimension in At the moment, they did not define the fourth dimension and it does not exist.For now, in the case of Johnson, who said that we should see strange changes faster than light, maybe Johnson was right, but how can we see changes ahead of the speed of light, and what will be the use of Johnson’s opinion?The events that are going to happen in the future must be known.I understood from the Lords who were raised by humans that the earth was previously inhabited by the same humans who lived on the earth, continents and seas in the form of four-legged mammals and humans and birds by humans who lived in the millions.They had years of history, continents and seas were formed on the earth, and those who inhabited the earth before us in the past had advanced so much in the science of astronomy, physics and chemistry that they simulated the souls of humans and raised many godsand lords.By the same Lords, I got very, very important information and secrets that I explained in my comments, but because I have been familiar with this very interesting website for a few weeks, I have not yet provided many comments, but soon more information aboutastronomy.and the structure of the solar system and the earth, the issues of belief and the events that are going to happen in the solar system in a few thousand years, I will report to you, those who are interested, the sun is currently located inthe big arm of the galaxy and it is hitting the stars of this arm, the stars that are close to Neptune Uranus, Saturn, Jupiter and eventually hit the sun.There were more than hundreds of stars, all of which were a hundred times smaller than the sun and their mass was several hundred thousand times smaller than the sun, and most of the planets that came with these small stars collided with the objects of the solarsystem.About 240 planets turned into moons and rocky planets of the solar system.I have already said that the sun is slower than the stars of the two arms of the galaxy due to the very heavy mass and weight that it has attached to the stars of the two large arms of the galaxy, but it may not be just becauseof this issue.The objects of the solar system collide with the stars and planets of the arm of the galaxy.Maybe it is because of the very strong gravitational force of several large planets, Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus and Neptune, that the star systems of the arm of the galaxy are pulled towards the solar system.I know for a fact that those who live on earth They had advanced so much in astronomy, chemistry and simulation that they knew about the sad incident of the collision of the stars of the galaxy’s arm with the solar system, that’s why they drew America asa bird that is flying in the sky.God bless you in all the languages ​​of the earth, hoping to meet you dear ones

If the big bang happened, why aren’t there galaxies that are a billion times the size of the Milky Way?I say this theory that when an explosion occurs, the order that galaxies have now could not exist in an explosion in the core of a super black hole, regular materials and elements.They do not spread.I understood from the distance of the stars that the age of the sun is at least a few hundred billion years, and life on earth arose in the last hours and minutes of the sun’s life.It is possible that the earth revolved around the stars of the arm of the galaxy tens of billions of years ago.The galaxy returned to the earth, the moons of the four planets Neptune, Uranus, Saturn, Jupiter, which are about 231 moons, they were separated from the stars that came from the arm of the galaxy towards the sun, from those stars that collidedwith the gas planets, the cause of the hydrogen gas in the gas planets was due to the collision of the stars that I said.Their size is a hundred times smaller than the sun.If those stars had a large size, the earth would never have a temperate climate and it would be so hot that life would never exist. I translate the content that I send to those interested in astronomy and technology on this very interesting website using Google.I retranslate them from Latin to Farsi.Problems occur during translation in dictation, composition and spelling, but because I am very I have to take time to correct them.I sent them to you, dear readers, without any mistakes.I hope you understand the content.If you don’t understand something, call my phone number via text message.Thank you, sorry, and apologies to you, dear doctor.and chosen by the Lords of the world, Mehrdad Kathiri Kasiri time in tehran 10:46 pm

I have to explain a point that there were mistakes in the translation.In the comment at 22:46 that I sent a few minutes ago, I did not say that the stars collided and I did not say that I understood from the distance of the stars how many hundred million years have passed, I said from the distancebetween the stars The arm of the galaxy, I realized that the sun lives not a few years from the age of the sun, I said that since the sun was in the form of a huge cloud and very big and like a nebula, from theage of the formation of the sun to this time, at least a few hundred billion years have passed.

It’s too bad physics can’t come to a complete consensus about time, I would like to add some thought about discoveries it has been proven that time travels in only one direction forward, the experiment dealt with light thru glass and how it reacts in the middle and what change happens after light exits the other side, a simple explanation of this experiment. Brings me to theorize and start that time existed before the big bang and is outside of our universes influence, when time is acted on by gravity the ( Form ) of time is changed until the influence no longer has effect, this could go hand in hand with light photons the photon has a influence in the Form that time has. This can not be a observed difference unless we were to see beyond the speed of light. We do agree that physics changes at a subatomic state and also does some strange changing once the speed of light has been exceeded.

The experiment I referred to was posted on IFL in October 2023 headlined ( Solution to complex light problem shows that time can only go Forward ).

would time travel ever be possible

One of the problem with travel time is the one people keep forever. And, that is that the earth is always move through space. Matter of fact, the earth is not in the same place that it was 50 years ago. So you will have to move through space as well as time.

Ironically, the only science fiction that seems to handle this is the original story “The Time Machine”.

would time travel ever be possible

Time travel is happening now. It has been done since the 1950s. The method satisfies all the requirements. Traveler can’t change the past, but only observe. You can’t go farther back than when the machine was first invented (1950s). There’s one more limitation, you can only observe what the machine was directed. The time machine, the common video camera, and video tape recorder. Now it’s the camera, and file capture computer. Yes, viewing a video tape is effectively going back in time. It’s more than the video, it’s the sound too. There are working versions of smell, and touch which can be recorded too. If you record, and replicate all the senses, you have effectively complete time travel. The most primitive form is the picture. This technology has been around for thousands of years, and is manually intensive. Later many pictures were strung together to make a film. Using a camera to record film was the first example of complete visual time travel (back to when the film was made). Later sound was added, and we have the movies. A way of going back in time that included sight, and sound. Now we have video systems (YouTub) that can play back past events selected by you. Yes, video systems are virtual time travel machines we have now.

Tom Mariner | December 17, 2023 at 5:26 am | Reply The folks “out there” are just answering the SETI message sent by the Arecibo radar station in Puerto Rico in 1974.

Our neighbors light years away are waiting for another message from that most power radar transmitter ever, but the bright lights have turned the facility into a STEM training facility after other organizations stole the money from Puerto Rico.

dr mehrdad kesiri | December 18, 2023 at 9:06 am | Reply Steve | December 9, 2023 at 6:20 pm | Reply

Would you be able to calculate if the whole multiverse Is spinning and depending on the distance. You are from the center you would be going faster than in another position?

Fixed gravity for you. | December 10, 2023 at 1:20 am | Reply

Kroupa is allowed out there with high profile exposure because he’s flacking for an idea by a new hero of famously top-dog self-victimizing self-absorbed insect opportunists, as Einstein’s gravity theory is becoming known as a closet failure over-celebrated by the generation that bred said famously top-dog self-victimizing self-absorbed insect opportunists.

Fixed gravity for you. | December 10, 2023 at 1:48 am | Reply

The overexposed cat icon seems to be a free-range reddit group run by AI frat boys.

Fixed gravity for you. | December 10, 2023 at 8:35 am | Reply

Replacing “expansion of the universe” with “dilation of the photon” would not be respecting “an establishment of religion” (establishment of a religion-based theory) but science has no bill of rights and gravity experts are prone to shunning reason anyway.

dr mehrdad kesiri | December 17, 2023 at 7:36 am | Reply

I understand to a certain extent, but religion and religions always interfere with progress and old religions should be put aside.I am the representative of your Lords and I am the master of time with hundreds of signs.The Lords of the world tried for hundreds of years until they came to the conclusion that they had to remove the disturbing religions by bringing the new religion and law of God in the Middle East because many people abused religion and came to power.Unfortunately, that person who should appear with his companions I am, but this work will be done because all the signs that the Lords of the world have placed on me in the earth and time are the numbers that are connected to time in the date ofmy birth and the surahs that have been revealed to me.The surahs and the words of the surahs, which are numbered, connect us to the words of signs and time.What we mean is that when the words are counted, they are connected to the time of the events of the words.This issue is very important.I will give you an example.I was injured in the history of 365 and this number belongs to time.This is the kind of owner of time, and God has revealed books, treatises, and surahs to me.This is a religious debate.It has something to do with astronomy, and the destruction of life on Earth, which God said earlier, is the end of time.The sun is hitting the big arm of the galaxy, and it is possible.It is possible that life on earth will be destroyed.This happened more or less a hundred million years ago and humans have raised gods.It is possible that in a few hundred years we will be able to raise gods with the help of artificial intelligence, physics and chemistry.A thousand system stars have joined our solar bodies and collided with Mars and Earth.No stars and planets from the arm of the galaxy that came towards the Sun did not collide with Earth and Mars, but when they collided with gas planets and the Sun, the system The stars of the arm of the galaxy after hitting the sun, theelements of the said planets and stars, like meteorites, their elements hit the earth and the life of the earth was destroyed about a hundred million years ago.This is the true story of Dr. Mehrdad Kathiri. thank you gods by time in in tehran 7:07

I thank Johnson for saying that my opinion is valid before God.I read Johnson’s other comments about time.Johnson said that time is forward in physics.Time is determined by us.Previously, Einstein said that if an object moves faster than light, time It becomes zero, and it was said that there is a fourth dimension, I should say that they move a thousand times the speed of physical light, time does not become zero,and the world has three dimensions, length, width, height, but we determined and interpreted this length, width, and height, and we must determine the fourth dimension in At the moment, they did not define the fourth dimension and it does not exist.For now, in the case of Johnson, who said that we should see strange changes faster than light, maybe Johnson was right, but how can we see changes ahead of the speed of light, and what will be the use of Johnson’s opinion?The events that are going to happen in the future must be known.I understood from the Lords who were raised by humans that the earth was previously inhabited by the same humans who lived on the earth, continents and seas in the form of four-legged mammals and humans and birds by humans who lived in the millions.They had years of history, continents and seas were formed on the earth, and those who inhabited the earth before us in the past had advanced so much in the science of astronomy, physics and chemistry that they simulated the souls of humans and raised many godsand lords.By the same Lords, I got very, very important information and secrets that I explained in my comments, but because I have been familiar with this very interesting website for a few weeks, I have not yet provided many comments, but soon more information aboutastronomy.and the structure of the solar system and the earth, the issues of belief and the events that are going to happen in the solar system in a few thousand years, I will report to you, those who are interested, the sun is currently located inthe big arm of the galaxy and it is hitting the stars of this arm, the stars that are close to Neptune Uranus, Saturn, Jupiter and eventually hit the sun.There were more than hundreds of stars, all of which were a hundred times smaller than the sun and their mass was several hundred thousand times smaller than the sun, and most of the planets that came with these small stars collided with the objects of the solarsystem.About 240 planets turned into moons and rocky planets of the solar system.I have already said that the sun is slower than the stars of the two arms of the galaxy due to the very heavy mass and weight that it has attached to the stars of the two large arms of the galaxy, but it may not be just becauseof this issue.The objects of the solar system collide with the stars and planets of the arm of the galaxy.Maybe it is because of the very strong gravitational force of several large planets, Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus and Neptune, that the star systems of the arm of the galaxy are pulled towards the solar system.I know for a fact that those who live on earth They had advanced so much in astronomy, chemistry and simulation that they knew about the sad incident of the collision of the stars of the galaxy’s arm with the solar system, that’s why they drew America asa bird that is flying in the sky.God bless you in all the languages ​​of the earth, hoping to meet you dear ones

Should America, Britain and its allies be silent, why did they allow Imam Khomeini (RA) to brutally shoot those great chosen ones of the Gods of the Earth?Then God struck the parliament in the year 60 and seventy-two people were killed from those who signed the order to shoot the soldiers.Was it the will of the lords of the gods of the soldiers to avenge the blood of the soldiers that Khomeini and the Ayatollah approved in the Islamic Council of the Islamic Republic?Did they follow the order that Imam Khomeini had given for the execution and shooting of the soldiers?Why do the Gods of Iran send Al-Qaeda to shoot the American passenger planes inside the twin towers on September 11?Maybe these things were done by the Gods of the Earth.It is not known.Before al-Qaeda carried out that brutal suicide operation, in the same way as the United States in 1967, they fired two missiles at the Iranian passenger plane from the launcher, and the missiles proved to the Iranian passenger plane that the two F-14fighters Iran was escorting a passenger plane to reach the destination of Dubai, 290 people were killed in the skies of the Persian Gulf of Iranzmin, 290 innocent people were killed.I don’t know if this was the will of the gods of the earth, that Imam Khomeini should sign Resolution 598, or it was the will of American politicians, why didn’t the big powers stop that horrible and brutal crime of the evilImam Khomeini and Iranian mullahs in 1957?that the gods of Iran bring war in Iran, where the mullahs forbid a morsel, a morsel, a morsel that is not halal, or the mullahs take a morsel from the Islamic Qur’an, God and the people are not pleased that the mullahseat that morsel, the mullahs do not work, most of them and Hafiz The great Iranian poet in 900 years ago, when the Arab mullahs had dominated Iran and the Arabs had attacked the Iranian soil, Muhammad Hafez said in Surah Vaizan that the sheikhs andmullahs eat a morsel of ghosts and hypocrisy, and the mullahs are heartless in the work of God, which means interference.In the case of Iran, the mullahs act as judges and the god of Iran.The mullahs are the judges in Hafez’s poem, which means God.Why did they start the war between Iran and Iraq?The gods of Iran, after the mullahs slaughtered the soldiers unjustly, say that they are stupid and ignorant anklets.In one night, 57 generals and officers of the imperial army Iran was executed and shot, I say Khalkhali is crazy, he didn’t know that the imperial government had spent millions of dollars for a general.Until that general, Khalkhali became a general because of the enemy he made to the Iranian army and destroyed Reza Shah’s grave.People should curse him the worst.But The messenger of the gods of the earth tells me, Mehrdad, you are the representative of the gods of the world of Iran, don’t call anyone a bastard, or if you say a bastard, say that he himself was a bastard,neither his family nor his ancestor, the messenger of the gods of the earth tells me, Mehrdad, because you are the most accurate person, the kindest person, and the smartest.And you are the greatest poet of Iran.Perhaps the gods and lords of the earth chose you, and perhaps they raised you from Nadfa, who entrusted your justice to you.May the gods bring forth the truth and truth of religions until the world is no longer at war over the old religions.As for religion and religions, because religions are a collection of religions, they disturb peoples and nations, like Islam, which is not a religion, there are religions that disturb people.Is it possible to follow all the religions of Islam?Also, know why the word disturbing is the same family as religions.Why is the word disturbing similar to religions?

I am the owner of time, with dozens of signs in the date of my birth, the gods and lords of Iran, the God of the world, made me the owner of time, that is, the owner of time means the chosen ones.Gods who are connected to time, those who own time on earth in this age, what There may be many people like me on earth, people in Iran should own their time in a different way, because they say that the Imam of the Time doesnot appear except with his companions, but I do not say that I am the Imam of the Time, because of Imam Khomeini who destroyed Iran.I use the word Imam.Before and after 1957, there was Khomeini, whose father was a rebel and was executed by Reza Shah, and Khomeini took revenge from the army for his father Seyyed Mustafa Khomeini, and in 1958, when he came to Iran, he killed hundreds of armytroops.I hate the word imam, but the people of Iran tell me that you are the imam of the time, but I say that I am not the imam of the time and I am the owner of the time with dozens of signs.The earth and in the eight surahs that were revealed to me.I am the owner of time and a human being.I am like all Iranians, but the difference between me and others is that I know what is happening in the unseen world and I will inform you about the future of the earth in time.My date of birth and age with street numbers Tehran and the squares of Tehran are related to time in history when numbers are connected to the year.These things I want to claim have a reason because I am the owner of time and the only representative of the gods of the earth.I know all the secrets of the unseen world and dozens of signs.In the places where I said the street numbers of Tehran and Tehran squares, I was connected to time, for example, how in 1960, when I was 17 years old, our house was on 117th Street, or I was 54 years old.Our house was exactly on 54 Square.At the age of 55. We bought a house at 55 Narmak Square.I was injured in Qasr Shirin war zone in 365, and 365 is the middle of the year, which is the leap year of 366, and I finished my service in the 88th army division in 66 and I did three jobs.88 Zahedan, I did three things.I brought the ammunition to the front line.I brought food to the front line for three companies from the 196th battalion of the 88th army and led the warriors and soldiers to the front line.That is, I was… in the middle of my military career, I went to the army I helped the 88th Armored Division of Zahedan, that is, I helped the army of the 88th Armored Division of Zahedan.I was an IFA driver and I played my role like this, and five times at a distance of a few meters and tens of meters, a Russian IFA truck that was I was driving and was hit by bullets and mortars from a French tank.Our car hit the ground, but maybe the gods of the earth saved me from all the attacks and fire that Saddam Hussein’s military party threw at us soldiers, many fires on the war front.They gave me, but I was lucky to survive in high school.When I was in my first year, in 1957, the guide of the revolution became available, and I was in the seventh grade, and it was the year 1957, and I was connected to time.I belonged to the imperial government and Mohammad Reza Shah was 11 years old.He fed millions of students all over Iran every day, but for several years I was unable to guide people in religion, which direction to go, and I was 17 years old.I should not raise these issues

But there are many issues that I am connected to time, but you should say, well, what is the use of these things that God has placed me as the owner of time on earth, who has chosen me and chosen me as the savior andleader of the world, to the people of Iran.guide and let the elders of the world accept my proxy to express the orders of the Lord according to the order of the new religion and religion that God has revealed to me so that justice is done and we understand that Muslims especially in the Middle East willnot fight over the old religions because Islam It has been everywhere, the Muslim men of those Muslim countries were at war, why should the people of the earth still fight over religious and Islamic issues?Prejudice, prejudices?Why did Israel, Palestine and Iran go to war with Iraq?How am I the owner of time?There is a number in the date of my birth.When I multiply my date of birth from the beginning and the end, it is equal to the speed of the earth.It is obtained in one second and one hour.The speed of the earth and the speed of light are obtained in one second and one hour.And these are all related to time.You can multiply the date, month, year, and decade of my birthday.Then comes the number 90, and the number ninety is related to the right angle, and Qam has several meanings.Qam means a ninety-degree angle.Qam means firm.Unfortunately, Mehrdad is the ruler of time and being the representative of God is not interesting to me.Now how am I the owner of time when ninety multiplied by 40, which is forty, is ten Kan. On my date of birth, ninety multiplied by forty equals three thousand six hundred three thousand six hundred seconds in one hour, and This is howI am the ruler of time in the combination of my father’s birthday, which is Muhammad, and he was born on the 17th, and I was born on the 43rd, together with my father’s birthday, which is the 17th, and my birthday, whichis the 43rd.60 and sixty seconds in one minute and sixty minutes in One hour should be 360 ​​and I was 17 years old in the year 360. And from a school in Vahidiya called Hefdeh Azar, that school was called when I was 17 years old andwe went to 17th Street in Tehran, Pars.You should know that there is a very strange issue that you You must know that I know for sure that God has chosen me in such a way that England and America, who are the most versatile people in the world, should know the secret of whoI am, Mehrdad, the owner of time, and why God has entrusted all the secrets of the earth to me.See, words are not like that.pass by them, there is a secret in the words of the Lord of the Earth, that not everyone is privy to the secrets of God, that God will reveal this secret to a human being, if the capacity and tolerance of that person is notperfect and he does not have the capacity to hear it, with whom should the secret be kept explain the world of the unseen and how they can help the justice of God to be implemented by his savior who unfortunately this very heavy responsibility is institutionalized on Mehrdad’sshoulders.

This very, very heavy responsibility on Mehrdad is institutionalized in me.This issue is so complex, sensitive and precise that it has no limits.Maybe I know the entire secret of the creation of the earth and the creation of the universe, but this is not an interesting thing for me, a person who knows everything.He can’t have a peaceful life.These issues in the date of my son’s birth become more complicated by combining my own date of birth, my wife’s date of birth with birth certificate number and my date.My birthday with the date and the time I was in my mother’s womb with the addition of the day I was born will be the number of 114 surahs of the Qur’an, the number of 30 parts of the Qur’an and the number of60 parts of the Qur’an, all in the combination of the dates that I said at the time of my birth with the date of birth I and the number 17 of the Muslim prayer and the number 72, which is related to the seventy-two people who were killed, are related to the story of the Qur’an.By combining the dates of birth of my paternal family members with mine and dozens of these more complicated issues, it made me wonder how they could do God’s work.So, compared to the work of the gods and lords of the world, it is very strange and amazing and immeasurable.It is not possible for anyone to learn from me all the experiences that I have and have experienced about the unseen world, and now I have learned all my knowledge in one night, unless you have experienced what I have experienced in practice, the same problemthat I have said, but I I may not be a happy person.I have not saved anything from the world and I suffered very, very hard.I was forced to go to camps for 11 years and sat in 900 sessions in Narcotics Anonymous and collected the experiences of others.If he has worked the twelve steps and sat for ninety sessions and listened to the words, he will become a saint.A saint means, for example, he will become a professor and perhaps a philosopher, but I sat for 900 sessions and listened to the words, and later I understood that all of this was a divine test.I will tell you later.I am sending a message that I have a book and a treatise, and the great powers of the world should help me bring my treatise to the fore, so that the old religions become new and the disturbing religions are abandoned, and the law of thegods and the masters of the world gradually take the place of religion and religions.He revealed and said that the time has come for the Muslims of the world to follow the law instead of religion, and the treatise that I bring from the Lords and Masters of the world separated religion and religion from politics and did not make the choice ofreligion mandatory, our Lord God said that time It has come that the law works instead of religion, and God and our reason said that mankind has progressed so much in terms of establishing security in countries that there is no longer a need for the clergy toforbid people from sinning and history has shown that in order to implement the orders of the Qur’an The old religions are the most abuses and killings of Muslims because of disturbing religions and the time has come for God to bring a new religion and religion thatrepresents God from among the Shiites who should be from those who agree with the Islamic principles of the Qur’an and the correct verses of the Qur’an and the perspective of the Qur’an.I have to reveal the book of God’s law that I have written

to bring to light so that old religions become new and disturbing religions are abandoned and the law of God and the masters of the world gradually take the place of religion and religions.God revealed to me and said that the time has come for the Muslims of the world to practice law instead of religion which I bring from the Gods and the masters of the world, they separated religion from politics and did not force the choice of religion.The idea of ​​establishing security in countries where there is no longer a need for clerics to forbid people from sinning and history has shown that due to the implementation of the false orders of the old books of religions, the most abuses and killings of Muslimsare due to disturbing religions and it is time that God By bringing a new religion and religion that is the representative of God from among the Shiites, he must be one of those who agree with the Islamic principles of the Qur’an and the correct versesof the Qur’an and the view of the Qur’an.He set me up with the Quran and other times when the numbers of the times are related to the verses of the holy books and to the times when I am connected in the numbers of the squares of Tehran to the numbers of the verses of the Quranin the times when I was residing in Mehrdad and I was living in the numbers The fields that are related to the numbers of the verses of the Quran, none of the Muslims, especially the clergy of Iran, can not accept Mehrdad’s being chosen and theowner of time, who is the vicegerent of the time, the vicegerent, the savior, and the savior of the human world, but I have nothing to do with ordinary people.I have no difference from a human point of view, only my difference is that the Gods and the masters of the world chose me to put aside the old religions and wars and conflicts because of religious, ethnic, racial differences and other issues, etc., which caused war, and no religion over another There is no superiority.All religions lived in order to guide mankind to the right and true path.They came so that people should have good deeds and good behavior.Whether these principles came from God or from earthly people, we must be righteous and righteous.I was 17 years old.We went to Haq Azar Middle School, Tehran, Pars Khazarin, 117. I shouldn’t bring up these issues, but there are many issues that I am tied to time, but you say, well, what is the use of these things thatGod has given me time on earth to to be chosen by the world as a savior and executor to guide the people of Iran and let the elders of the world accept my proxy so that I can put forward the divine orders through the orders of the religionand the new religion that God has revealed to me.Lord, so that justice is done and realized, and Muslims, especially in the Middle East, do not fight over old religions, because wherever Islam was, the Muslim men of those Muslim countries were fighting, why should people still fight over religious issues andIslamic prejudices, Israel and Palestine.And why did Iran and Iraq go to war?How do I own time?Now there are signs in my birth date.When I multiply my date of birth from beginning to end, it is equal to the speed of the earth.It is obtained in one second and one hour.The speed of the earth and the speed of light are obtained in one second and one hour

And these are all related to time.From the day, month, year, to the decade of my birth, multiply it and get the time ruler.In the combination of the birth of my father who is Muhammad and he was born on the 17th and I was born on the 43rd with the birth My father, who is 17 years old, and my birthday, which is 43, are combined.60 and sixty seconds in a minute and sixty minutes in an hour.It may be 360 ​​and I was 17 in 360. These issues in the date of my son’s birth are combined with my own date of birth., my wife’s date of birth is complicated with birth certificate number and my date.Birthday with my wife and son, combining the date of birth of my paternal family members with me and dozens of such things.He thought how to do God’s work.Work May the gods of the world be so precise that all this is shown to me, compared to the work of the gods and lords of the world, it is very strange and amazing and immeasurable, this is how Iran is connected to the earth.It was connected and has a strange meaning.The old word Iran-earth I remember 52 years.Before the start of the nationwide program of the Iranian television network, which started working, the logo of the program was Iranzmin, the name of the program of the first channel of Iranzmin and Iran was a message to all the countries of the earth.In terms of the language of the gods and lords of the earth, there are many words.I have to say because I have to tell and tell the truths of the gods of the earth.Why am I the owner of time, because I know from the future what will happen in the world and what will come to the earth and what will be the order of the gods of the earth for the superpowers of the world and my religions.I am saying important things, but those who were from the Iranian army were shot in 1958 and 1957 by Imam Khomeini (RA) and the leadership of the Assembly of Experts.The execution and shooting of generals were done by the Ayatollahs, but why America and England?did not stop them from being executed, know that the structure of the gods made by humans is so detailed that I believe there are forty of your gods.It still appears in various forms.I could not understand the structure of your gods and my gods, but you The superpowers of the world, with all that progress, you still haven’t been able to understand the secrets of God’s creation, how many million years of history and civilization didhumans have?When did the earth get destroyed?It has been burning for trillions of years and the earth is a planet that has been formed for twenty billion years, but it was not habitable because it has thousands of active volcanoes.Scientists said that the life of the universe is about thirteen billion years.A year has passed, but now that the James Webb telescope The most distant galaxies arrived, those galaxies said that they are ninety-seven billion light-years away from us earthlings.Now they should say that ninety-seven billion years have passed since the age of the universe, but this is not the case.The distance of the galaxies has nothing to do with the age of the universe.No bang.Consider that two hundred billion galaxies are placed in a black hole, in that big black hole there will be no healthy hydrogen atoms left and after the explosion the stars will be reborn and in a very, very big explosion, it’s great.Materials Chemicals, proteins and vitamins, which are the necessary ingredients for life.They are not healthy enough to create life on a planet next to the stars after the big bang.I said thirty years ago that Herschel and Kepler’s theory could not be true.

Of course, I read the book Asterism and the Galaxy, which the two American scientists used a radio telescope to emit microwave waves from the galaxies, and it took billions of years for them to reach the earth.They were able to imagine the world with that very large radio telescope and I saw the images of billions of galaxies opened my mind and I read that astronomy book when we were in Tehran Pars Street 117 and I was 17 years old, that is forty-two years ago I had read that book and at that time I also believed in the Big Bang theory I had my doubts about the two great American scientists, but I would not reject it.However, I accept America, which is very supportive.Its astronaut scientists are the first to speak in the world, but the general policy of America is in the hands of the big American capitalists, and they, unfortunately, determine the final decisions of the Parliament and the Assembly.They are the enemies of America, and this has caused the United States to implement policies for the countries of the Middle East region in which the economic interests of the United States are considered, and this policy has caused a lot of damage to Iranians, whichincludes many other social and cultural issues.The clerics have been left open in Iran and this policy of American politicians has caused the power in Iran to be in the hands of a handful of religious sheikhs, mullahs and extreme Shia ayatollahs in Iran and the situation of the unfortunate people of Iran and theMuslim people of the Middle East since the time when Christians The priest and the pope held power in Europe and committed heinous crimes against the people of Europe.The situation of the people of Iran is no better than during the Middle Ages and the Renaissance, it is even worse.And the institution, headquarters, and courts that the clerics had at their disposal have already been shown in history that they oppressed the people through both Islamic and Christian religions.And they came to power according to the Qur’an, they were the cruelest religious government and they committed so much cruelty and murder.Just refer to the history books of Tabari and Sana’i.It is not necessary for me to explain anymore.I only ask America and England, which are the great powers of the world, to Help me so that I can reveal the instructions of our Gods, whose language is the Gods and masters of the world, most of them are Farsi, perhaps all theGods of the earth, those who previously had millions of years of history on the earth came to the conclusion that the alphabets of the Gods who create should be It should be Farsi because the most accurate alphabet and words are in Farsi and the signs I sawon the countries and seas are related to Farsi.This issue is so important in the work of the authors of the earth and you should not easily pass it by.Regarding this issue, it is very, very important.I can’t explain it in a few pages, but over time, I will send you a message in this regard, the great servers of the world, and let me also say that when I translate Persian into English, you know the text,dictation, and spelling will change, but you will understand the meaning of the text in general.May you understand Mehrdad, chosen by God, the land of Iran, may he protect you in all stages of your life

Sorry thank you dr aghakesiri ghaeem sahebzaman in iran and universal

How Stellar Cannibalism Illuminates Cosmic Evolution

جزایر فیلیپین دایناسوری که توسط انسان خلق شده در بیش ده ها میلیون سال و بخاطر ریخته شدن دوهزار متر خاک غرق شده بخاطر بالا آمدن آب اقیانوس اما جزایر فیلیپین شبیه دایناسوریست

The address of the above comment on the site about a thief who was trained by a dinosaur bird who was trained by humans tens of millions of years ago and who arrested murderers and robbers.The police were arrested by big birds.don’t the scientists of the world think about this?They were buried in the bed of important cities, they were buried with all the tools and machines, the traces of humans tens of millions of years ago, they had a civilization and a history of hundreds of thousands of years, they built a base underthe earth, from the meteorites that explode from the planets when they hit the sun, and they knew that several thousand meters of soil is poured on the surface of the seas and islands, and they knew that the shapes they made of the islands in thecountry of Papua may go under the ocean, of course, the Philippine islands.The picture is of a baby dinosaur that went under the ocean, but the northern island of Australia, which is Papua, is quite clear.It is a big dinosaur whose tail is towards the east and its mouth is open towards the west.There is the Philippines, but it was more difficult to take the soil to the Philippine islands to create a dinosaur than the island of Papua, that is why the height of the soil in the Philippines is lower, and when the meteorites fell a few kilometerson the surface of the ocean, the image created by humans under the ocean in the shape of a dinosaur is hidden in the American continent The picture is of a bird in the shape of a dinosaur that is flying, and this bird was made to flyby the Indians of the tribe, that bird was talking to people, but its spirit might have heard something from the police because a thief while in the bird’s mouth He was handcuffed by the police and the weapon, which is a machine gun, is fromthe east of the American continent on the coast

The country of Florida is a machine gun.When you continue to New York City, you will reach the mouth of the dinosaur, where a thief is trapped in the mouth of a bird, and the little finger of the police handcuffed the thief’s hand, and a small colt is in the hand ofthe thief, who the police caught in the mouth of the dinosaur.put in the mouth of the bird dinosaur, you can clearly see that the thief fell on the ground and was shot in the head, and it is clear that his forehead was pierced, the bird’s mouth is open in flight, the head of the birdis from the east of the American continent, and a fish is placed in the bird’s mouth in the water of the ocean.The stretched glove of the police, which is in the form of a fist, with a handcuff attached to the left hand of the thief who fell on the ground in the sea and the mouth of the bird, the head of the thief and the killer, is located towards the southwest and west coast of America.All these images were created from the American continent and islands by Humans were created, but they didn’t have enough fuel and time to create more accurate images and meteorites ruined the beauty of the images, but it is clear that all these changes were createdby humans, but you have to consider that two thousand meters of soil from meteorites are fish.And they buried the whales under the beaches, and after a very long time, the bodies of the whales turned into oil under the two thousand meters of soil on the beaches, and on the other hand, the presence of two thousand meters of soil onthe surface of the seas and droughts could not make the created images disappear.

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Time travel: Is it possible?

Science says time travel is possible, but probably not in the way you're thinking.

time travel graphic illustration of a tunnel with a clock face swirling through the tunnel.

Albert Einstein's theory

  • General relativity and GPS
  • Wormhole travel
  • Alternate theories

Science fiction

Is time travel possible? Short answer: Yes, and you're doing it right now — hurtling into the future at the impressive rate of one second per second. 

You're pretty much always moving through time at the same speed, whether you're watching paint dry or wishing you had more hours to visit with a friend from out of town. 

But this isn't the kind of time travel that's captivated countless science fiction writers, or spurred a genre so extensive that Wikipedia lists over 400 titles in the category "Movies about Time Travel." In franchises like " Doctor Who ," " Star Trek ," and "Back to the Future" characters climb into some wild vehicle to blast into the past or spin into the future. Once the characters have traveled through time, they grapple with what happens if you change the past or present based on information from the future (which is where time travel stories intersect with the idea of parallel universes or alternate timelines). 

Related: The best sci-fi time machines ever

Although many people are fascinated by the idea of changing the past or seeing the future before it's due, no person has ever demonstrated the kind of back-and-forth time travel seen in science fiction or proposed a method of sending a person through significant periods of time that wouldn't destroy them on the way. And, as physicist Stephen Hawking pointed out in his book " Black Holes and Baby Universes" (Bantam, 1994), "The best evidence we have that time travel is not possible, and never will be, is that we have not been invaded by hordes of tourists from the future."

Science does support some amount of time-bending, though. For example, physicist Albert Einstein 's theory of special relativity proposes that time is an illusion that moves relative to an observer. An observer traveling near the speed of light will experience time, with all its aftereffects (boredom, aging, etc.) much more slowly than an observer at rest. That's why astronaut Scott Kelly aged ever so slightly less over the course of a year in orbit than his twin brother who stayed here on Earth. 

Related: Controversially, physicist argues that time is real

There are other scientific theories about time travel, including some weird physics that arise around wormholes , black holes and string theory . For the most part, though, time travel remains the domain of an ever-growing array of science fiction books, movies, television shows, comics, video games and more. 

Einstein developed his theory of special relativity in 1905. Along with his later expansion, the theory of general relativity , it has become one of the foundational tenets of modern physics. Special relativity describes the relationship between space and time for objects moving at constant speeds in a straight line. 

The short version of the theory is deceptively simple. First, all things are measured in relation to something else — that is to say, there is no "absolute" frame of reference. Second, the speed of light is constant. It stays the same no matter what, and no matter where it's measured from. And third, nothing can go faster than the speed of light.

From those simple tenets unfolds actual, real-life time travel. An observer traveling at high velocity will experience time at a slower rate than an observer who isn't speeding through space. 

While we don't accelerate humans to near-light-speed, we do send them swinging around the planet at 17,500 mph (28,160 km/h) aboard the International Space Station . Astronaut Scott Kelly was born after his twin brother, and fellow astronaut, Mark Kelly . Scott Kelly spent 520 days in orbit, while Mark logged 54 days in space. The difference in the speed at which they experienced time over the course of their lifetimes has actually widened the age gap between the two men.

"So, where[as] I used to be just 6 minutes older, now I am 6 minutes and 5 milliseconds older," Mark Kelly said in a panel discussion on July 12, 2020, Space.com previously reported . "Now I've got that over his head."

General relativity and GPS time travel

The difference that low earth orbit makes in an astronaut's life span may be negligible — better suited for jokes among siblings than actual life extension or visiting the distant future — but the dilation in time between people on Earth and GPS satellites flying through space does make a difference. 

Read more: Can we stop time?

The Global Positioning System , or GPS, helps us know exactly where we are by communicating with a network of a few dozen satellites positioned in a high Earth orbit. The satellites circle the planet from 12,500 miles (20,100 kilometers) away, moving at 8,700 mph (14,000 km/h). 

According to special relativity, the faster an object moves relative to another object, the slower that first object experiences time. For GPS satellites with atomic clocks, this effect cuts 7 microseconds, or 7 millionths of a second, off each day, according to the American Physical Society publication Physics Central .  

Read more: Could Star Trek's faster-than-light warp drive actually work?

Then, according to general relativity, clocks closer to the center of a large gravitational mass like Earth tick more slowly than those farther away. So, because the GPS satellites are much farther from the center of Earth compared to clocks on the surface, Physics Central added, that adds another 45 microseconds onto the GPS satellite clocks each day. Combined with the negative 7 microseconds from the special relativity calculation, the net result is an added 38 microseconds. 

This means that in order to maintain the accuracy needed to pinpoint your car or phone — or, since the system is run by the U.S. Department of Defense, a military drone — engineers must account for an extra 38 microseconds in each satellite's day. The atomic clocks onboard don’t tick over to the next day until they have run 38 microseconds longer than comparable clocks on Earth.

Given those numbers, it would take more than seven years for the atomic clock in a GPS satellite to un-sync itself from an Earth clock by more than a blink of an eye. (We did the math: If you estimate a blink to last at least 100,000 microseconds, as the Harvard Database of Useful Biological Numbers does, it would take thousands of days for those 38 microsecond shifts to add up.) 

This kind of time travel may seem as negligible as the Kelly brothers' age gap, but given the hyper-accuracy of modern GPS technology, it actually does matter. If it can communicate with the satellites whizzing overhead, your phone can nail down your location in space and time with incredible accuracy. 

Can wormholes take us back in time?

General relativity might also provide scenarios that could allow travelers to go back in time, according to NASA . But the physical reality of those time-travel methods is no piece of cake. 

Wormholes are theoretical "tunnels" through the fabric of space-time that could connect different moments or locations in reality to others. Also known as Einstein-Rosen bridges or white holes, as opposed to black holes, speculation about wormholes abounds. But despite taking up a lot of space (or space-time) in science fiction, no wormholes of any kind have been identified in real life. 

Related: Best time travel movies

"The whole thing is very hypothetical at this point," Stephen Hsu, a professor of theoretical physics at the University of Oregon, told Space.com sister site Live Science . "No one thinks we're going to find a wormhole anytime soon."

Primordial wormholes are predicted to be just 10^-34 inches (10^-33 centimeters) at the tunnel's "mouth". Previously, they were expected to be too unstable for anything to be able to travel through them. However, a study claims that this is not the case, Live Science reported . 

The theory, which suggests that wormholes could work as viable space-time shortcuts, was described by physicist Pascal Koiran. As part of the study, Koiran used the Eddington-Finkelstein metric, as opposed to the Schwarzschild metric which has been used in the majority of previous analyses.

In the past, the path of a particle could not be traced through a hypothetical wormhole. However, using the Eddington-Finkelstein metric, the physicist was able to achieve just that.

Koiran's paper was described in October 2021, in the preprint database arXiv , before being published in the Journal of Modern Physics D.

Alternate time travel theories

While Einstein's theories appear to make time travel difficult, some researchers have proposed other solutions that could allow jumps back and forth in time. These alternate theories share one major flaw: As far as scientists can tell, there's no way a person could survive the kind of gravitational pulling and pushing that each solution requires.

Infinite cylinder theory

Astronomer Frank Tipler proposed a mechanism (sometimes known as a Tipler Cylinder ) where one could take matter that is 10 times the sun's mass, then roll it into a very long, but very dense cylinder. The Anderson Institute , a time travel research organization, described the cylinder as "a black hole that has passed through a spaghetti factory."

After spinning this black hole spaghetti a few billion revolutions per minute, a spaceship nearby — following a very precise spiral around the cylinder — could travel backward in time on a "closed, time-like curve," according to the Anderson Institute. 

The major problem is that in order for the Tipler Cylinder to become reality, the cylinder would need to be infinitely long or be made of some unknown kind of matter. At least for the foreseeable future, endless interstellar pasta is beyond our reach.

Time donuts

Theoretical physicist Amos Ori at the Technion-Israel Institute of Technology in Haifa, Israel, proposed a model for a time machine made out of curved space-time — a donut-shaped vacuum surrounded by a sphere of normal matter.

"The machine is space-time itself," Ori told Live Science . "If we were to create an area with a warp like this in space that would enable time lines to close on themselves, it might enable future generations to return to visit our time."

Amos Ori is a theoretical physicist at the Technion-Israel Institute of Technology in Haifa, Israel. His research interests and publications span the fields of general relativity, black holes, gravitational waves and closed time lines.

There are a few caveats to Ori's time machine. First, visitors to the past wouldn't be able to travel to times earlier than the invention and construction of the time donut. Second, and more importantly, the invention and construction of this machine would depend on our ability to manipulate gravitational fields at will — a feat that may be theoretically possible but is certainly beyond our immediate reach.

Time travel has long occupied a significant place in fiction. Since as early as the "Mahabharata," an ancient Sanskrit epic poem compiled around 400 B.C., humans have dreamed of warping time, Lisa Yaszek, a professor of science fiction studies at the Georgia Institute of Technology in Atlanta, told Live Science .  

Every work of time-travel fiction creates its own version of space-time, glossing over one or more scientific hurdles and paradoxes to achieve its plot requirements. 

Some make a nod to research and physics, like " Interstellar ," a 2014 film directed by Christopher Nolan. In the movie, a character played by Matthew McConaughey spends a few hours on a planet orbiting a supermassive black hole, but because of time dilation, observers on Earth experience those hours as a matter of decades. 

Others take a more whimsical approach, like the "Doctor Who" television series. The series features the Doctor, an extraterrestrial "Time Lord" who travels in a spaceship resembling a blue British police box. "People assume," the Doctor explained in the show, "that time is a strict progression from cause to effect, but actually from a non-linear, non-subjective viewpoint, it's more like a big ball of wibbly-wobbly, timey-wimey stuff." 

Long-standing franchises like the "Star Trek" movies and television series, as well as comic universes like DC and Marvel Comics, revisit the idea of time travel over and over. 

Related: Marvel movies in order: chronological & release order

Here is an incomplete (and deeply subjective) list of some influential or notable works of time travel fiction:

Books about time travel:

  • Rip Van Winkle (Cornelius S. Van Winkle, 1819) by Washington Irving
  • A Christmas Carol (Chapman & Hall, 1843) by Charles Dickens
  • The Time Machine (William Heinemann, 1895) by H. G. Wells
  • A Connecticut Yankee in King Arthur's Court (Charles L. Webster and Co., 1889) by Mark Twain
  • The Restaurant at the End of the Universe (Pan Books, 1980) by Douglas Adams
  • A Tale of Time City (Methuen, 1987) by Diana Wynn Jones
  • The Outlander series (Delacorte Press, 1991-present) by Diana Gabaldon
  • Harry Potter and the Prisoner of Azkaban (Bloomsbury/Scholastic, 1999) by J. K. Rowling
  • Thief of Time (Doubleday, 2001) by Terry Pratchett
  • The Time Traveler's Wife (MacAdam/Cage, 2003) by Audrey Niffenegger
  • All You Need is Kill (Shueisha, 2004) by Hiroshi Sakurazaka

Movies about time travel:

  • Planet of the Apes (1968)
  • Superman (1978)
  • Time Bandits (1981)
  • The Terminator (1984)
  • Back to the Future series (1985, 1989, 1990)
  • Star Trek IV: The Voyage Home (1986)
  • Bill & Ted's Excellent Adventure (1989)
  • Groundhog Day (1993)
  • Galaxy Quest (1999)
  • The Butterfly Effect (2004)
  • 13 Going on 30 (2004)
  • The Lake House (2006)
  • Meet the Robinsons (2007)
  • Hot Tub Time Machine (2010)
  • Midnight in Paris (2011)
  • Looper (2012)
  • X-Men: Days of Future Past (2014)
  • Edge of Tomorrow (2014)
  • Interstellar (2014)
  • Doctor Strange (2016)
  • A Wrinkle in Time (2018)
  • The Last Sharknado: It's About Time (2018)
  • Avengers: Endgame (2019)
  • Tenet (2020)
  • Palm Springs (2020)
  • Zach Snyder's Justice League (2021)
  • The Tomorrow War (2021)

Television about time travel:

  • Doctor Who (1963-present)
  • The Twilight Zone (1959-1964) (multiple episodes)
  • Star Trek (multiple series, multiple episodes)
  • Samurai Jack (2001-2004)
  • Lost (2004-2010)
  • Phil of the Future (2004-2006)
  • Steins;Gate (2011)
  • Outlander (2014-2023)
  • Loki (2021-present)

Games about time travel:

  • Chrono Trigger (1995)
  • TimeSplitters (2000-2005)
  • Kingdom Hearts (2002-2019)
  • Prince of Persia: Sands of Time (2003)
  • God of War II (2007)
  • Ratchet and Clank Future: A Crack In Time (2009)
  • Sly Cooper: Thieves in Time (2013)
  • Dishonored 2 (2016)
  • Titanfall 2 (2016)
  • Outer Wilds (2019)

Additional resources

Explore physicist Peter Millington's thoughts about Stephen Hawking's time travel theories at The Conversation . Check out a kid-friendly explanation of real-world time travel from NASA's Space Place . For an overview of time travel in fiction and the collective consciousness, read " Time Travel: A History " (Pantheon, 2016) by James Gleik. 

Join our Space Forums to keep talking space on the latest missions, night sky and more! And if you have a news tip, correction or comment, let us know at: [email protected].

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Breaking space news, the latest updates on rocket launches, skywatching events and more!

Ailsa Harvey

Ailsa is a staff writer for How It Works magazine, where she writes science, technology, space, history and environment features. Based in the U.K., she graduated from the University of Stirling with a BA (Hons) journalism degree. Previously, Ailsa has written for Cardiff Times magazine, Psychology Now and numerous science bookazines. 

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Will We Ever Be Able to Time Travel Into the Past?

Forward or back—which will it be?

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You likely don’t realize it, but when you’re done reading this article, you will have traveled perhaps 90 seconds into the future. The truth is that it is easier, theoretically speaking, to travel forward in time than it is to travel backward, and that’s partly because we’re all moving forward in time naturally.

The possibility of time travel stems from Albert Einstein’s theory of special relativity, which, loosely speaking, describes the relationship between space and time. An outgrowth is something known as “time dilation,” which suggests that time can move at different rates for different observers—and therefore at different rates in different places. This theory is borne out by the (rather freaky) fact that clocks on the space shuttle—whether internal clocks or atomic clocks placed aboard for experimental purposes—run more slowly than reference clocks on Earth. In this sense, astronauts on extended missions may already be considered time travelers, as they arrive home very slightly later than the elapsed time measured on their own instruments would suggest. Moreover, “Time beats faster on the moon than on Earth, and time beats slower on Jupiter,” says celebrated physicist Michio Kaku of the City College of New York. “So if you were to simply camp out on the moon or Jupiter, you’d be going backward and forward in time. Now, of course, these are for fractions of a second.”

A more useful implication of time dilation is the fact that the closer to the speed of light you’re moving, the slower your internal clock will be ticking relative to time on Earth. “If you reach 99 percent of the speed of light and spend like a year moving at that speed—around the solar system, say—and then come back to Earth, you will find that the Earth has moved on, 100 to 200 years into the future,” says Dr. Ulvi Yurtsever, coauthor of a seminal paper on time travel. So, in theory, if we could improve propulsion systems enough, we could skip ahead centuries. But we still couldn’t move backward.

Indeed, backward time travel, while theoretically possible, is far trickier and would involve black holes and “tunable wormholes” and more energy than a kindergarten class on a sugar binge. “You can write down solutions of the equations,” says Clifford V. Johnson, a professor of theoretical physics at USC, “and those equations tell you two things: how you twist up space and time, and what matter you need to do that. And every time you get those weird twists in space and time that look like a time machine, the matter and energy you need to do that is in a form that may not exist in this universe. So that’s just a fancy way of saying that the jury is out.”

So from a technical standpoint, it seems far more likely that we’d move forward in time first. But how about from an ethical one? “Scientists and physicists may say ‘You know what, it’s much safer for us to go to the future, because if it’s possible to alter the past and therefore have that reverberate into the present—create a paradox—that’s pretty dangerous,’ ” says Bob Gale, who has spent some time thinking about this stuff, given that he cowrote the 1985 time-travel blockbuster Back to the Future. “So they would say ‘Well, to preserve the sanctity of the space-time continuum, we better go into the future, because that provides the least amount of risk.’ ”

So there you have it: 25th century, here we come.

Do you have unusual questions about how things work and why stuff happens? This is the place to ask them. Don’t be afraid. Nobody will laugh at you here. Email ­[email protected].

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Can Time Travel Ever be Actually Possible?

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Time travel is perhaps  the  number one science fiction technology people have been waiting for, ever since it was first popularized in the H.G. Wells Novel "The Time Machine " from 1865.

Time travel art

But the physics governing time travel itself are wonky at best. And that's mainly due to the complicated nature of time itself, writes Impact Nottingham . This is why even the most optimistic futurists aren't confident that the technology will ever be invented.

Or can it? In this article, you'll learn about the basics of time travel technology, as well as one man in our current era who believes he has the key to building an actual working time machine.

Time Travel 101

Let's start with this very bold proclamation: time travel is possible. But there are certain conditions.

Albert Einstein's General Theory of Relativity posits the thought that time is relative, and it can be altered by the right factors. But the only condition is that you can only travel forwards in time, and never to the past.

Pocket watch

One of the hallmarks of the Theory of Relativity is time dilation. The basic premise is as follows: the faster you move, the slower time passes for you.

Approaching the speed of light  in something like a warp drive , for instance, could mean that while you think only minutes have passed for you, hours have already passed on Earth. You would have also aged slower relative to somebody on Earth.

Based on this principle, we actually already have time travellers: the astronauts on the International Space Station.

That's because clocks on the ISS have been proven to tick slower than clocks on Earth, effectively saying that ISS astronauts are traveling 0.007 seconds into the future every six months, according to Planetary-Science.org .

 ISS art

Read also:   Albert Einstein's Theory of General Relativity Prediction Happens: Light Behind Black Hole Detected by Telescopes

Why Can't We Travel To The Past?

So time travel into the future is theoretically possible. But why not the past?

According to the late great physicist Stephen Hawking, the best evidence we have against going back in time is because "we haven't been invaded" by a bunch of time travel tourists from the future. This has been published in his book "Black Holes And Baby Universes" in 1994, writes Space.com .

Stephen hawking

Going back to the past in a time machine is impossible due to very complicated physics. But this is the simplest possible answer: the math isn't right, writes Live Science.

Astrophysicist Charles Liu says that you can only go forwards and backwards within the three basic dimensions: width, breadth, and height. But with time (or more accurately, space-time), which is considered four-dimensional, you can only move forward.

Anything contradicting the math to allow time travel would literally counteract the accepted laws of physics, and therefore make it scientifically impossible.

Building A Real-Life Time Machine

There is one man out there who could be the only person with the secret to build an actual, working time machine.

His name is Professor Ron Mallett. In a feature by the BBC , Mallett's work was included in a look at the "most promising ideas" for making time travel possible. And his reason for wanting to go back in time is deeply personal: he wants to save his father's life.

Prof. Mallett's father died at the very young age of 33 after suffering a heart attack. The soon-to-be scientist was only 11 at the time. As a young boy, Ron Mallett was devastated, and eventually dedicated his life to figure out how to make time travel possible.

Mallett's ideas also hinge on Einstein's preeminent theory. His time machine would allow backwards time travel by basically twisting space time into a loop. This, according to Mallett's calculations, will allow something--or someone--to go from the future to the past, and then back to the future, writes CNN .

He plans to twist space time using a set of specially designed lasers, which he says would produce a circulating beam of light. The beams of light, according to Mallett, could theoretically produce a powerful-enough gravitational field to allow backwards and forwards time travel.

Time Travel Is Still A Ways Off

Until the world's most brilliant minds find a way to circumvent the limitations, time travel technology will still be far off.

There is, however, one thing certain: fictional tech like warp drives, lightsabers, or self-aware robots may come and go, but they'll likely never be as iconic as a time machine.

Related : Australian Student Allegedly Cracked the Mathematics Behind Time-Travel Paradox: "What Would Have Happened if You Stopped the Coronavirus?"

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What physics says about time travel

Posted: February 6, 2024 | Last updated: February 6, 2024

<p>The concept of time travel has captivated readers and moviegoers for many decades now. But while people have been fascinated by the idea, no one has managed to make the notion of <a href="https://www.starsinsider.com/movies/462297/the-best-time-travel-movies-ever-made" rel="noopener">time travel</a> any more of a reality than before. It seems like a dream that's just a bit too far from reach. But in an age where science continues to push the boundaries of what's possible, do we even know—in theory—what the physics of time travel might involve?</p> <p>Curious? Click on to discover what we know so far about the prospect of journeying through time.</p><p>You may also like: </p>

The concept of time travel has captivated readers and moviegoers for many decades now. But while people have been fascinated by the idea, no one has managed to make the notion of time travel any more of a reality than before. It seems like a dream that's just a bit too far from reach. But in an age where science continues to push the boundaries of what's possible, do we even know—in theory—what the physics of time travel might involve?

Curious? Click on to discover what we know so far about the prospect of journeying through time.

You may also like:

<p>It might surprise you to learn that exactly how time works is still a bit of a mystery to physicists. For now, travel into the future seems possible (as we hurtle toward it each day).</p>

How time works

It might surprise you to learn that exactly how time works is still a bit of a mystery to physicists. For now, travel into the future seems possible (as we hurtle toward it each day).

Follow us and access great exclusive content every day

<p>But when it comes to potentially meeting our great-great-great grandparents by traveling into the past, it seems either extremely difficult, or almost completely impossible.</p><p>You may also like:<a href="https://www.starsinsider.com/n/161250?utm_source=msn.com&utm_medium=display&utm_campaign=referral_description&utm_content=621991en-en"> The best red carpet looks of all time</a></p>

But when it comes to potentially meeting our great-great-great grandparents by traveling into the past, it seems either extremely difficult, or almost completely impossible.

You may also like: The best red carpet looks of all time

<p><a href="https://www.starsinsider.com/lifestyle/534968/einstein-teleportation-and-the-mysterious-philadelphia-experiment" rel="noopener">Albert Einstein</a> was instrumental in our current understanding of time travel. His theory of relativity set out a description of space, time, mass, and gravity.</p>

Albert Einstein

Albert Einstein was instrumental in our current understanding of time travel. His theory of relativity set out a description of space, time, mass, and gravity.

<p>For Einstein, time was relative. A key outcome of relativity is that the flow of time isn't constant. Time can speed up or slow down, depending on the circumstances.</p><p>You may also like: </p>

Theory of relativity

For Einstein, time was relative. A key outcome of relativity is that the flow of time isn't constant. Time can speed up or slow down, depending on the circumstances.

<p>The fact that it can speed up or slow down is where the concept of time travel enters as a possibility, with real-world repercussions.</p>

Time is relative

The fact that it can speed up or slow down is where the concept of time travel enters as a possibility, with real-world repercussions.

<p>Time moves faster at speed, but for the effect to be noticeable, you would have to travel at the speed of light.</p><p>You may also like:<a href="https://www.starsinsider.com/n/207692?utm_source=msn.com&utm_medium=display&utm_campaign=referral_description&utm_content=621991en-en"> America's secret airline the government doesn't want you to know about</a></p>

Speed of light

Time moves faster at speed, but for the effect to be noticeable, you would have to travel at the speed of light.

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<p>Likewise, time passes more slowly in an intense gravitational field, for example in a black hole.</p>

Gravitational pull

Likewise, time passes more slowly in an intense gravitational field, for example in a black hole.

<p>The Earth's gravitational pull is stronger at your feet, so your feet are actually aging at a slower rate than your head!</p><p>You may also like:<a href="https://www.starsinsider.com/n/273888?utm_source=msn.com&utm_medium=display&utm_campaign=referral_description&utm_content=621991en-en"> Slithering serpents! Australia’s deadliest snakes</a></p>

The Earth's gravitational pull is stronger at your feet, so your feet are actually aging at a slower rate than your head!

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<p>For us, day-to-day, the relativistic effects of time are too subtle to notice. But they actually do affect the satellites used for global positioning system (GPS).</p>

GPS satellites

For us, day-to-day, the relativistic effects of time are too subtle to notice. But they actually do affect the satellites used for global positioning system (GPS).

<p>The clocks in the sky click faster than the clocks on Earth. Because of this, the ones in the sky must be constantly readjusted to ensure accuracy. If not, your map app could be inaccurate by about six miles (10 km) per day!</p><p>You may also like:<a href="https://www.starsinsider.com/n/275276?utm_source=msn.com&utm_medium=display&utm_campaign=referral_description&utm_content=621991en-en"> The most epic celebrity feuds of all time</a></p>

Clock adjustment

The clocks in the sky click faster than the clocks on Earth. Because of this, the ones in the sky must be constantly readjusted to ensure accuracy. If not, your map app could be inaccurate by about six miles (10 km) per day!

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<p>Relativity means it's possible to travel into the future. Whether traveling at the speed of light or spending time in an intense gravitational field, you would experience a relatively short amount of subjective time.</p>

Future travel

Relativity means it's possible to travel into the future. Whether traveling at the speed of light or spending time in an intense gravitational field, you would experience a relatively short amount of subjective time.

<p>In contrast, in the rest of the universe, decades or centuries would pass by. So when you return, you would be further into the future than the time you experienced.</p><p>You may also like:<a href="https://www.starsinsider.com/n/330724?utm_source=msn.com&utm_medium=display&utm_campaign=referral_description&utm_content=621991en-en"> Actors you didn't know started out as models </a></p>

In contrast, in the rest of the universe, decades or centuries would pass by. So when you return, you would be further into the future than the time you experienced.

You may also like: Actors you didn't know started out as models

<p>Relativity does open some doors for backwards time travel, but right now these haven't evolved past the theoretical stage.</p>

Backwards travel

Relativity does open some doors for backwards time travel, but right now these haven't evolved past the theoretical stage.

<p>One 1949 study published by Kurt Gödel proposed a closed time-like curve, a path where space and time loops back on itself, could make past time travel possible.</p><p>You may also like:<a href="https://www.starsinsider.com/n/355860?utm_source=msn.com&utm_medium=display&utm_campaign=referral_description&utm_content=621991en-en"> Secret code words you're not supposed to know</a></p>

Closed-circle loop theory

One 1949 study published by Kurt Gödel proposed a closed time-like curve, a path where space and time loops back on itself, could make past time travel possible.

You may also like: Secret code words you're not supposed to know

<p>However, a major problem with this theory is that there is no existing closed-circle loop anywhere in the universe. It's pure theory.</p>

However, a major problem with this theory is that there is no existing closed-circle loop anywhere in the universe. It's pure theory.

<p>Without evidence for the existence of a closed-circle loop, there is no way to recreate it. A philosopher at Chapman University in California, Emily Adlam, says, "Even if we had much greater technological powers than we currently do, it seems unlikely that we would be able to create closed time-like curves on purpose."</p><p>You may also like:<a href="https://www.starsinsider.com/n/381670?utm_source=msn.com&utm_medium=display&utm_campaign=referral_description&utm_content=621991en-en"> The most common lies everyone has told at least once</a></p>

Without evidence for the existence of a closed-circle loop, there is no way to recreate it. A philosopher at Chapman University in California, Emily Adlam, says, "Even if we had much greater technological powers than we currently do, it seems unlikely that we would be able to create closed time-like curves on purpose."

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<p>In 1991, a physicist named Richard Gott put forward the theory that such a closed-circle loop would be possible if there were two "cosmic strings" that moved past each other in opposite directions.</p>

Cosmic strings

In 1991, a physicist named Richard Gott put forward the theory that such a closed-circle loop would be possible if there were two "cosmic strings" that moved past each other in opposite directions.

<p>Which is great... if cosmic strings existed! These strings are still hypothetical, being thought to have formed the very early universe by some theories.</p><p>You may also like:<a href="https://www.starsinsider.com/n/425986?utm_source=msn.com&utm_medium=display&utm_campaign=referral_description&utm_content=621991en-en"> Celebrity heirs and heiresses who inherited a fortune</a></p>

Which is great... if cosmic strings existed! These strings are still hypothetical, being thought to have formed the very early universe by some theories.

You may also like: Celebrity heirs and heiresses who inherited a fortune

<p>Another phenomenon that's seemingly allowed by relativity is wormholes. Theoretically, it's possible for space-time to be folded like a piece of paper, allowing a tunnel to be punched through to create a shortcut between two widely-separated points, AKA a wormhole.</p>

Another phenomenon that's seemingly allowed by relativity is wormholes. Theoretically, it's possible for space-time to be folded like a piece of paper, allowing a tunnel to be punched through to create a shortcut between two widely-separated points, AKA a wormhole.

<p>Again, the problem with wormholes is that although it's been shown in theory that they could exist, as a mathematical possibility, whether they exist physically is a different matter altogether.</p><p>You may also like:<a href="https://www.starsinsider.com/n/443058?utm_source=msn.com&utm_medium=display&utm_campaign=referral_description&utm_content=621991en-en"> Affordable ways to make your home look more expensive</a></p>

Again, the problem with wormholes is that although it's been shown in theory that they could exist, as a mathematical possibility, whether they exist physically is a different matter altogether.

You may also like: Affordable ways to make your home look more expensive

<p>If wormholes did exist, they wouldn't have a very long lifespan. In fact, if they are two black holes that have joined together as is theorized, their intense gravitational field would collapse under its own gravity.</p>

Intense gravitational field

If wormholes did exist, they wouldn't have a very long lifespan. In fact, if they are two black holes that have joined together as is theorized, their intense gravitational field would collapse under its own gravity.

<p>There's more bad news for aspiring time travelers; these wormholes would be microscopically tiny, too small for a bacterium, let alone for a person to pass through.</p><p>You may also like:<a href="https://www.starsinsider.com/n/450359?utm_source=msn.com&utm_medium=display&utm_campaign=referral_description&utm_content=621991en-en"> The royal weddings that changed European history</a></p>

Size problems

There's more bad news for aspiring time travelers; these wormholes would be microscopically tiny, too small for a bacterium, let alone for a person to pass through.

You may also like: The royal weddings that changed European history

<p>In order to solve the size and gravity problems, a large amount of negative energy would be required inside the atom. The energy of the atom field must have more positive energy overall, however, so even if tiny pockets of negative energy expanded inside, it's not a very realistic proposal.</p>

Negative energy

In order to solve the size and gravity problems, a large amount of negative energy would be required inside the atom. The energy of the atom field must have more positive energy overall, however, so even if tiny pockets of negative energy expanded inside, it's not a very realistic proposal.

<p>While relativity describes the behavior of large objects like humans and galaxies, quantum mechanics explains the very small: smaller than atoms, i.e. electrons and photons.</p><p>You may also like:<a href="https://www.starsinsider.com/n/458051?utm_source=msn.com&utm_medium=display&utm_campaign=referral_description&utm_content=621991en-en"> Vintage photos of stars with their babies</a></p>

Quantum mechanics

While relativity describes the behavior of large objects like humans and galaxies, quantum mechanics explains the very small: smaller than atoms, i.e. electrons and photons.

You may also like: Vintage photos of stars with their babies

<p>Strange observations have emerged from quantum mechanics, notably non-locality. This is where a change in a particle's state in one location can instantaneously influence another "entangled" particle somewhere else.</p>

Non-locality

Strange observations have emerged from quantum mechanics, notably non-locality. This is where a change in a particle's state in one location can instantaneously influence another "entangled" particle somewhere else.

<p>Einstein called this "spooky action at a distance." It's been shown experimentally many times, but many physicists are unhappy with the possibility of non-locality.</p><p>You may also like:<a href="https://www.starsinsider.com/n/469365?utm_source=msn.com&utm_medium=display&utm_campaign=referral_description&utm_content=621991en-en"> Songs John Lennon and/or Paul McCartney gave away to other artists</a></p>

Einstein called this "spooky action at a distance." It's been shown experimentally many times, but many physicists are unhappy with the possibility of non-locality.

You may also like: Songs John Lennon and/or Paul McCartney gave away to other artists

<p>This is because in order for the effect to be instantaneous, the information would have to move faster than the speed of light. This is supposed to be impossible.</p>

This is because in order for the effect to be instantaneous, the information would have to move faster than the speed of light. This is supposed to be impossible.

<p>In response, some physicists have come up with an alternative way to interpret the experiments. Some propose that when something looks instantaneous, it has actually traveled to the future and back again. This introduces retrocausality, i.e. events that take place in the future having an effect on the past.</p><p>You may also like:<a href="https://www.starsinsider.com/n/473768?utm_source=msn.com&utm_medium=display&utm_campaign=referral_description&utm_content=621991en-en"> Why the guillotine was the ultimate severance package</a></p>

Retrocausality

In response, some physicists have come up with an alternative way to interpret the experiments. Some propose that when something looks instantaneous, it has actually traveled to the future and back again. This introduces retrocausality, i.e. events that take place in the future having an effect on the past.

You may also like: Why the guillotine was the ultimate severance package

<p>If this is the case, our linear concept of time isn't necessarily correct. In fact, it means information from the future is always spiraling back to influence the past. It's worth bearing in mind that this theory is not universally accepted either, with some seeing it as more outrageous than non-locality.</p>

If this is the case, our linear concept of time isn't necessarily correct. In fact, it means information from the future is always spiraling back to influence the past. It's worth bearing in mind that this theory is not universally accepted either, with some seeing it as more outrageous than non-locality.

<p>In conclusion, we don't have a complete answer. Relativity and quantum physics aren't compatible with one another, but they work to explain certain aspects of our universe. Perhaps there is an overarching, unifying theory that links them; but it hasn't been discovered yet. For now, time travel remains out of reach—just like the more mysterious workings of the universe.</p> <p>Sources: (BBC) (Scientific American) (Space.com) (USA Today)</p> <p>See also: <a href="https://www.starsinsider.com/lifestyle/579560/the-biggest-myths-about-space">The biggest myths about space</a></p>

In conclusion, we don't have a complete answer. Relativity and quantum physics aren't compatible with one another, but they work to explain certain aspects of our universe. Perhaps there is an overarching, unifying theory that links them; but it hasn't been discovered yet. For now, time travel remains out of reach—just like the more mysterious workings of the universe.

Sources: (BBC) (Scientific American) (Space.com) (USA Today)

See also: The biggest myths about space

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Budget live: Chancellor Jeremy Hunt promises 'permanent cuts in taxation' - but income tax cut not on the cards

Follow live updates as Chancellor Jeremy Hunt delivers his budget, with a further cut in national insurance and action on fuel duty expected to be confirmed.

Wednesday 6 March 2024 13:10, UK

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  • Budget 2024: Watch and follow live in Politics Hub - see pinned post for key announcements as they happen and submit a question to our experts using form above
  • Alcohol duty freeze extended  | And so is 5p fuel duty cut
  • Cut in national insurance expected
  • In full: What we're expecting chancellor to announce
  • Sam Coates: Very rare pre-budget tax news may put PM in trouble
  • Ed Conway : The very inaccurate forecasts driving this budget
  • Target Towns:  Key constituencies shaping election battle
  • Live reporting by Faith Ridler , Jess Sharp  and Katie Williams

Ask a question or make a comment

Here are all Jeremy Hunt's headline announcements - our politics team are providing more in-depth coverage below:

  • Freeze on alcohol duty extended until February 2025;
  • 5p cut to fuel duty to continue for another 12 months;
  • VAT registration threshold for businesses increasing from £85,000 to £90,000 from April;
  • £1m towards memorial for Muslims who died in two World Wars;
  • Increase in repayment period from 12 to 24 months for new budgeting advance loans for people on low incomes;
  • Abolishing £90 charge for obtaining debt relief order;
  • Household Support Fund kept at current level for another six months;
  • Economy expected to grow by 0.8% this year and 1.9% next year and UK has "turned corner on inflation";
  • Introduction of new British ISA, allowing additional £5,000 investments in UK equity to be made each year, with tax advantages of other ISAs;
  • Guaranteeing rates paid to childcare providers to deliver government's boosted childcare offer in next two years;

The chancellor now turns to support for the creative industries, saying the UK has become "Europe's largest film and TV production centre". 

Jeremy Hunt says studio space has doubled in the last three years and he is "committed to providing more tax relief for visual effects in film and high-end TV". 

As part of that, he announces there will be a 5% increase in the rate of tax credit and the 80% cap for visual effects costs will be removed in the Audio-Visual Expenditure Credit.

Eligible film studios in England will also benefit from a 40% relief on their gross business rates until 2034, he adds. 

He also says tax reliefs for touring and orchestral productions will be made permanent at 45%. 

"Lord Lloyd Webber says this will be a once in a generation transformational change that will ensure Britain remains the global capital of creativity," he adds. 

By Gurpreet Narwan, political correspondent, in Grimsby

The chancellor is devoting more levelling up funding for culture, heritage, and investment projects. 

The announcement was met by cheers from the Conservative benches. 

Jeremy Hunt is speaking to voters in poorer parts of the country, who were seduced by Boris Johnson's levelling up promise, before it was derailed by the pandemic and the energy crisis. 

Many of these people, including here in Grimsby, voted Conservative for the first time ever in 2019 and the Tories will have to battle hard to keep them.

However, promises of more funding may ring hollow if, as expected, the chancellor announces further cuts to public spending to fund tax cuts.

With a headroom of just £8.9bn, that is looking increasingly likely.

Turning to "levelling up", Chancellor Jeremy Hunt says he will allocate £242m of investments in Barking Riverside and Canary Wharf.

Here, he says, nearly 8,000 homes will be built "as well as transforming Canary Wharf into a new hub for life science companies". 

Mr Hunt adds: "We are launching a new £20m community-led housing scheme supporting local communities to deliver the developments they want and need.

"And I am pleased to announce the next steps for Cambridge to reach its potential to be the world's leading scientific powerhouse. 

"I confirm there will be a long-term funding settlement for the future Development Corporation in Cambridge at the next spending review, with over £10m invested in the coming year to unlock delivery of crucial local transport and health infrastructure."

Lastly, the chancellor confirms the Treasury will help "fund the renovation of Theatr Clywd" in Mold.

"And I can announce that this week the government has reached agreement on a £160m deal with Hitachi to purchase the Wylfa site in Ynys Mon and the Oldbury site in South Gloucestershire."

Following on from comments made by Peter Mandelson yesterday, Jeremy Hunt has appeared to make a dig at Keir Starmer's weight. 

The chancellor, after discussing levelling up plans, says: "I know he has been taking advice from Lord Mandelson, who yesterday rather uncharitably said he needed to shed a few pounds.

"Ordinary families will shed more than a few pounds if that lot get in," he adds, referring to the Labour Party. 

"If he wants to join me on my marathon training, he's most welcome as well," he says. 

Lord Mandelson, a Labour peer, told the Times Radio podcast How To Win An Election that appearance mattered, and said "Starmer needs to shed a few pounds, and that would be an improvement". 

By Matthew Thompson, political correspondent

"Permanent full expensing" is not the kind of tax cut that you'd expect to feature prominently on any campaign leaflets.

But it is a very significant one, an expensive one (at a cost of £10bn, it is costlier than a two percentage point cut to National Insurance), and one that is very close to the chancellor's heart.

What it does is allow businesses to write off 100% of the cost of investment in plant and machinery, and therefore gives the UK a very attractive investment tax regime.

Last year's budget introduced it as a temporary measure.

Now it is a permanent tax break for business.

At 3.30pm, Sky News will have a panel of experts answering questions on what the budget means for you.

For the first half an hour it'll be live on Sky News - and it will continue in our Money blog until 5pm.

So if you have a question about what any of today's announcements mean for your wallet/purse, submit them in the box above.

The one iron-clad certainty of this budget was that the chancellor would continue the freeze on fuel duty.

In fact, it has been the certainty in every budget since 2011, since when fuel duty hasn't risen in cash terms.

The political logic is clear: governments don't win elections without the votes of motorists.

In an election year, Jeremy Hunt was never going to be the first chancellor in over a decade to depart from that particular orthodoxy.

Jeremy Hunt has just confirmed "further steps to boost investment" in the UK, with "full expensing to apply to leased assets".

The chancellor says: "In the autumn statement I announced we would introduce permanent full expensing, a £10bn tax cut for businesses that gives the UK the most attractive investment tax regime of any large European or G7 country. 

"It was welcomed by over 200 business leaders, with the CBI saying it was a game changer and the single most transformational thing we could do to fire up the British economy.

"Today I take further steps to boost investment. 

"Having listened to calls from the CBI and Make UK, we will shortly publish draft legislation for full expensing to apply to leased assets, a change I intend to bring in as soon as it is affordable."

Mr Hunt also promises to "help small businesses", something he says is "close to my own heart".

He pledges to provide £200m of funding to extend the Recovery Loan Scheme as it transitions to the Growth Guarantee Scheme.

"I will reduce the administrative and financial impact of VAT by increasing the VAT registration threshold from £85,000 to £90,000 from 1 April, the first increase in seven years," he says.

"That will bring tens of thousands of businesses out of paying VAT altogether and encourage many more to invest and grow."

Jeremy Hunt says the Office for Budget Responsibility (OBR) has predicted underlying debt is "on track" to fall as a share of GDP and public sector borrowing will slip below 3% of GDP three years earlier than planned.

Taking a swipe at Labour, the chancellor says "none of that would be possible" if the party had implemented its own pledge on decarbonising. 

The opposition party dropped its target of spending £28bn a year on environmental schemes last month, blaming the economic situation.

"After flip-flopping for months and months, they said they're not going to spend the £28bn after all…but somehow they will meet their pledge," Mr Hunt says. 

"Somehow, Madam Deputy Speaker, can only mean one thing: tax rises on working families, same old Labour." 

The Household Support Fund was a vital lifeline introduced by the government when the cost of living crisis struck in 2021.

Administered by local councils, it provides emergency assistance to some of the most vulnerable people in the country.

It was due to be wound up at the end of March.

Prior to the budget, some 170 councils wrote to the chancellor to urge him to continue funding it for another year, at least.

It seems Jeremy Hunt has listened… in part. He has confirmed it will continue for another six months.

Welcome news, but only for a little while.

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