cdc travel advisory for namibia

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Namibia Travel Restrictions

Traveler's COVID-19 vaccination status

Traveling from the United States to Namibia

Open for vaccinated visitors

COVID-19 testing

Not required

Not required for vaccinated visitors

Restaurants

Not required in public spaces and public transportation.

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Can I travel to Namibia from the United States?

Most visitors from the United States, regardless of vaccination status, can enter Namibia.

Can I travel to Namibia if I am vaccinated?

Fully vaccinated visitors from the United States can enter Namibia without restrictions.

Can I travel to Namibia without being vaccinated?

Unvaccinated visitors from the United States can enter Namibia without restrictions.

Do I need a COVID test to enter Namibia?

Visitors from the United States are not required to present a negative COVID-19 PCR test or antigen result upon entering Namibia.

Can I travel to Namibia without quarantine?

Travelers from the United States are not required to quarantine.

Do I need to wear a mask in Namibia?

Mask usage in Namibia is not required in public spaces and public transportation.

Are the restaurants and bars open in Namibia?

Restaurants in Namibia are open. Bars in Namibia are .

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• Passports, travel and living abroad
• Travel abroad
• Foreign travel advice

Before you travel check that:

• your destination can provide the healthcare you may need
• you have appropriate travel insurance for local treatment or unexpected medical evacuation

This is particularly important if you have a health condition or are pregnant.

Emergency medical number

Call 211111 (in Windhoek) or 10111 (everywhere else) and ask for an ambulance.

Contact your insurance company promptly if you’re referred to a medical facility for treatment.

Vaccinations and health risks

At least 8 weeks before your trip check:

• the latest information on vaccination recommendations and health risks in TravelHealthPro’s Namibia guide
• where to get vaccines and whether you have to pay on the NHS travel vaccinations page

Altitude sickness is a risk in parts of Namibia. Read more about altitude sickness on TravelHealthPro .

Namibia’s hot and dry climate can cause skin problems and dehydration. Make sure you carry a good supply of drinkable water.

Namibia has one of the highest prevalence rates of HIV in the world. In 2021 the UNAIDS Report on the Global AIDS Epidemic estimated that around 210,000 adults aged 15 or over were living with HIV. This was around 11.8% of the adult population, compared to around 0.2% of adults in the UK. Take normal precautions to avoid exposure to HIV/AIDS.

The legal status and regulation of some medicines prescribed or bought in the UK can be different in other countries.

Read best practice when travelling with medicines on TravelHealthPro .

The NHS has information on whether you can take your medicine abroad .

Healthcare facilities in Namibia

There are good medical facilities in Windhoek. Private hospitals may insist on payment before starting treatment even if you have comprehensive travel insurance. They may ask you to pay and reclaim from your insurer later. Some travel insurance policies are not recognised by some Namibian hospitals. Check if your product is accepted in Namibia before you travel and get alternative coverage, if needed.

FCDO has a list of medical providers in Namibia where some staff speak English.

Travel and mental health

Read FCDO guidance on travel and mental health . There is also mental health guidance on TravelHealthPro .

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COVID-19: travel health notice for all travellers

Namibia travel advice

Latest updates: The Need help? section was updated.

Last updated: April 5, 2024 07:27 ET

On this page

Safety and security, entry and exit requirements, laws and culture, natural disasters and climate, namibia - exercise a high degree of caution.

Exercise a high degree of caution in Namibia due to the high level of crime.

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Border with Angola

Peace in Angola has improved the security situation along the Namibia–Angola border. Due to the risk of banditry, however, you should exercise caution when travelling to this area, including Kavango Region in the northeast and the western half of Zambezi Region (formerly known as Caprivi). Use official border crossing areas only to enter neighbouring countries.

There are landmines in the border area from Katwitwi (a village on the Okavango River in Kavango West Region) to Kongola (a town in Zambezi Region).

Petty crime

Petty crime, such as pickpocketing, bag snatching and cellphone theft, occurs regularly.  

Theft is frequent in:  

• popular tourist areas
• crowded places, including urban shopping areas
• vehicles, especially unattended vehicles at gas stations and
• ATMs and surrouding areas

During your trip to Namibia: 

• ensure that your personal belongings, including your passport and your other travel documents, are secure at all times 
• avoid showing signs of affluence or wearing expensive jewellery 
• avoid carrying large sums of cash or unnecessary valuables 
• never leave personal belongings unattended in a vehicle, even in the trunk 
• be extra cautious when withdrawing cash from ATMs

Violent crime

Violent crime occurs, particularly in Windhoek. Incidents include :

• carjackings

During your stay:

• avoid walking alone after dark
• keep your accommodations doors and windows locked at all times 
• keep your car doors locked and windows closed, especially in heavy traffic 

Demonstrations

Demonstrations are rare and occur mostly in Windhoek. They can disrupt traffic and business.

Even peaceful demonstrations can turn violent at any time. They can also lead to disruptions to traffic and public transportation.

• Avoid areas where demonstrations and large gatherings are taking place
• Follow the instructions of local authorities
• Monitor local media for information on ongoing demonstrations

Mass gatherings (large-scale events)

Cases of attempted fraud are frequently reported in Namibia.

Credit card copying in some hotels and lodges occurs. When paying by credit card, keep your card in view at all times. Be extra vigilant at ATMs, as criminals may attempt to distract you or offer assistance with the aim of stealing your money. Don’t accept any offer of assistance and cancel your transaction if you become suspicious.

• Pay careful attention when your cards are being handled by others
• Use ATMs located in well-lit public areas or inside a bank or business
• Avoid using card readers with an irregular or unusual feature
• Cover the keypad with one hand when entering your PIN
• Check for any unauthorized transaction on your account statements

Overseas fraud

Wildlife viewing

Wildlife viewing poses risks, particularly if you are on foot or at close range.

• Only use reputable and professional guides or tour operators 
• Always maintain a safe distance when observing wildlife 
• Only exit a vehicle when a professional guide or warden says it’s safe to do so
• Closely follow park and warden’s advice  

Road safety

Avoid night-time driving outside urban centres.

Be particularly careful when driving on rural roads, many of which are gravel with sloping sand shoulders.

Road conditions are generally good, but much of the country is covered by desert. Overland travel takes considerable time. Sand, salt and gravel roads become very slippery when wet.

Tourists are often involved in single-vehicle accidents. Do not exceed 80 km/h on gravel roads. Excessive speed and animals on the roadway pose hazards.

Emergency and roadside assistance is unreliable or non-existent outside Windhoek.

If you must travel overland via the Trans-Caprivi Highway between Rundu and Katima Mulilo, do so during daylight hours only.

Avoid stopping at roadside rest stops, where robberies have been known to occur.

If travelling to desert areas, do so with sufficient water and fuel supplies and two spare tires. Travel by convoy if you plan to go to the desert.

Public transportation

Buses and taxis operate in the capital. Public transportation is limited outside Windhoek.

Foreigners have been robbed by taxi drivers. The Namibia Bus and Taxi Association (NABTA) regulates taxi drivers by allocating registration numbers (one letter followed by a two-digit number). Use registered taxis (displaying the NABTA logo) only or arrange for a taxi through a reputable hotel.

We do not make assessments on the compliance of foreign domestic airlines with international safety standards.

Information about foreign domestic airlines

Every country or territory decides who can enter or exit through its borders. The Government of Canada cannot intervene on your behalf if you do not meet your destination’s entry or exit requirements.

We have obtained the information on this page from the Namibian authorities. It can, however, change at any time.

Verify this information with the  Foreign Representatives in Canada .

Entry requirements vary depending on the type of passport you use for travel.

Before you travel, check with your transportation company about passport requirements. Its rules on passport validity may be more stringent than the country’s entry rules.

Regular Canadian passport

Your passport must be valid for a minimum of 6 months after the date you enter Namibia.

Passport for official travel

Different entry rules may apply.

Official travel

Passport with “X” gender identifier

While the Government of Canada issues passports with an “X” gender identifier, it cannot guarantee your entry or transit through other countries. You might face entry restrictions in countries that do not recognize the “X” gender identifier. Before you leave, check with the closest foreign representative for your destination.

Other travel documents

Different entry rules may apply when travelling with a temporary passport or an emergency travel document. Before you leave, check with the closest foreign representative for your destination.

Useful links

• Foreign Representatives in Canada
• Canadian passports

Tourist visa: not required for stays up to 90 days Business visa: not required for stays up to 90 days Student visa: required Employment visa: Required

Ensure that your passport has sufficient visa pages for travel to Namibia and neighbouring countries for the entire duration of your trip.

At least 2 completely blank pages are required for entry into Namibia.

Make sure the visa stamp is valid for the duration of your stay (up to 90 days) and that immigration officials have given you a correctly dated entry stamp, as this will be checked upon departure.

Authorities are very strict regarding visa validity. Overstaying the time granted or having an incorrect or missing entry stamp could lead to detention, arrest and fines.

Children and travel

Learn more about travelling with children .

Exit and entry requirements for minors under 18

When travelling to an international destination, underage traveller must present:

If travelling with both parents

• A valid passport
• A long-form birth certificate

If travelling with a single parent

• A letter of consent from the other parent or a copy of a death certificate when applicable

If travelling with other adults

• A proof of consent from the biological parents or legal guardians in the form of a sworn affidavit for the child to travel internationally
• Contact information of the child’s parents or legal guardians

If travelling alone

• A proof of consent from one or both parents or legal guardians in the form of a sworn affidavit for the child to travel
• A letter from the person who is to receive the child containing the residential address and contact details where the child will be residing
• A copy of the identity document of the person who is to receive the child. This could be: 
• a valid passport and visa
• a permanent residence permit

If you are transiting by road through South Africa with children under the age of 18, consult the entry/exit requirements for South Africa .

Yellow fever

Learn about potential entry requirements related to yellow fever (vaccines section).

Relevant Travel Health Notices

• Global Measles Notice - 13 March, 2024
• COVID-19 and International Travel - 13 March, 2024

This section contains information on possible health risks and restrictions regularly found or ongoing in the destination. Follow this advice to lower your risk of becoming ill while travelling. Not all risks are listed below.

Consult a health care professional or visit a travel health clinic preferably 6 weeks before you travel to get personalized health advice and recommendations.

Routine vaccines

Be sure that your  routine vaccinations , as per your province or territory , are up-to-date before travelling, regardless of your destination.

Some of these vaccinations include measles-mumps-rubella (MMR), diphtheria, tetanus, pertussis, polio, varicella (chickenpox), influenza and others.

Pre-travel vaccines and medications

You may be at risk for preventable diseases while travelling in this destination. Talk to a travel health professional about which medications or vaccines may be right for you, based on your destination and itinerary. 

Yellow fever   is a disease caused by a flavivirus from the bite of an infected mosquito.

Travellers get vaccinated either because it is required to enter a country or because it is recommended for their protection.

• There is no risk of yellow fever in this country.

Country Entry Requirement*

• Proof of vaccination is required if you are coming from or have transited through an airport of a country   where yellow fever occurs.

Recommendation

• Vaccination is not recommended.
• Discuss travel plans, activities, and destinations with a health care professional.
• Contact a designated  Yellow Fever Vaccination Centre  well in advance of your trip to arrange for vaccination.

About Yellow Fever

Yellow Fever Vaccination Centres in Canada * It is important to note that  country entry requirements  may not reflect your risk of yellow fever at your destination. It is recommended that you contact the nearest  diplomatic or consular office  of the destination(s) you will be visiting to verify any additional entry requirements.

There is a risk of hepatitis A in this destination. It is a disease of the liver. People can get hepatitis A if they ingest contaminated food or water, eat foods prepared by an infectious person, or if they have close physical contact (such as oral-anal sex) with an infectious person, although casual contact among people does not spread the virus.

Practise  safe food and water precautions and wash your hands often. Vaccination is recommended for all travellers to areas where hepatitis A is present.

Measles is a highly contagious viral disease. It can spread quickly from person to person by direct contact and through droplets in the air.

Anyone who is not protected against measles is at risk of being infected with it when travelling internationally.

Regardless of where you are going, talk to a health care professional before travelling to make sure you are fully protected against measles.

  Hepatitis B is a risk in every destination. It is a viral liver disease that is easily transmitted from one person to another through exposure to blood and body fluids containing the hepatitis B virus.  Travellers who may be exposed to blood or other bodily fluids (e.g., through sexual contact, medical treatment, sharing needles, tattooing, acupuncture or occupational exposure) are at higher risk of getting hepatitis B.

Hepatitis B vaccination is recommended for all travellers. Prevent hepatitis B infection by practicing safe sex, only using new and sterile drug equipment, and only getting tattoos and piercings in settings that follow public health regulations and standards.

Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) is an infectious viral disease. It can spread from person to person by direct contact and through droplets in the air.

It is recommended that all eligible travellers complete a COVID-19 vaccine series along with any additional recommended doses in Canada before travelling. Evidence shows that vaccines are very effective at preventing severe illness, hospitalization and death from COVID-19. While vaccination provides better protection against serious illness, you may still be at risk of infection from the virus that causes COVID-19. Anyone who has not completed a vaccine series is at increased risk of being infected with the virus that causes COVID-19 and is at greater risk for severe disease when travelling internationally.

Before travelling, verify your destination’s COVID-19 vaccination entry/exit requirements. Regardless of where you are going, talk to a health care professional before travelling to make sure you are adequately protected against COVID-19.

 The best way to protect yourself from seasonal influenza (flu) is to get vaccinated every year. Get the flu shot at least 2 weeks before travelling.  

 The flu occurs worldwide. 

•  In the Northern Hemisphere, the flu season usually runs from November to   April.
•  In the Southern Hemisphere, the flu season usually runs between April and   October.
•  In the tropics, there is flu activity year round. 

The flu vaccine available in one hemisphere may only offer partial protection against the flu in the other hemisphere.

The flu virus spreads from person to person when they cough or sneeze or by touching objects and surfaces that have been contaminated with the virus. Clean your hands often and wear a mask if you have a fever or respiratory symptoms.

Malaria  is a serious and sometimes fatal disease that is caused by parasites spread through the bites of mosquitoes.   There is a risk of malaria in certain areas and/or during a certain time of year in this destination. 

Antimalarial medication may be recommended depending on your itinerary and the time of year you are travelling. Consult a health care professional or visit a travel health clinic before travelling to discuss your options. It is recommended to do this 6 weeks before travel, however, it is still a good idea any time before leaving.    Protect yourself from mosquito bites at all times:  • Cover your skin and use an approved insect repellent on uncovered skin.  • Exclude mosquitoes from your living area with screening and/or closed, well-sealed doors and windows. • Use insecticide-treated bed nets if mosquitoes cannot be excluded from your living area.  • Wear permethrin-treated clothing.    If you develop symptoms similar to malaria when you are travelling or up to a year after you return home, see a health care professional immediately. Tell them where you have been travelling or living. 

In this destination, rabies is commonly carried by dogs and some wildlife, including bats. Rabies is a deadly disease that spreads to humans primarily through bites or scratches from an infected animal. While travelling, take precautions , including keeping your distance from animals (including free-roaming dogs), and closely supervising children.

If you are bitten or scratched by a dog or other animal while travelling, immediately wash the wound with soap and clean water and see a health care professional. In this destination, rabies treatment may be limited or may not be available, therefore you may need to return to Canada for treatment.  

Before travel, discuss rabies vaccination with a health care professional. It may be recommended for travellers who are at high risk of exposure (e.g., occupational risk such as veterinarians and wildlife workers, children, adventure travellers and spelunkers, and others in close contact with animals). 

Safe food and water precautions

Many illnesses can be caused by eating food or drinking beverages contaminated by bacteria, parasites, toxins, or viruses, or by swimming or bathing in contaminated water.

• Learn more about food and water precautions to take to avoid getting sick by visiting our eat and drink safely abroad page. Remember: Boil it, cook it, peel it, or leave it!
• Avoid getting water into your eyes, mouth or nose when swimming or participating in activities in freshwater (streams, canals, lakes), particularly after flooding or heavy rain. Water may look clean but could still be polluted or contaminated.
• Avoid inhaling or swallowing water while bathing, showering, or swimming in pools or hot tubs. 

Travellers' diarrhea is the most common illness affecting travellers. It is spread from eating or drinking contaminated food or water.

Risk of developing travellers' diarrhea increases when travelling in regions with poor standards of hygiene and sanitation. Practise safe food and water precautions.

The most important treatment for travellers' diarrhea is rehydration (drinking lots of fluids). Carry oral rehydration salts when travelling.

Typhoid   is a bacterial infection spread by contaminated food or water. Risk is higher among children, travellers going to rural areas, travellers visiting friends and relatives or those travelling for a long period of time.

Travellers visiting regions with a risk of typhoid, especially those exposed to places with poor sanitation, should speak to a health care professional about vaccination.  

There is a risk of schistosomiasis in this destination. Schistosomiasis is a parasitic disease caused by tiny worms (blood flukes) which can be found in freshwater (lakes, rivers, ponds, and wetlands). The worms can break the skin, and their eggs can cause stomach pain, diarrhea, flu-like symptoms, or urinary problems. Schistosomiasis mostly affects underdeveloped and r ural communities, particularly agricultural and fishing communities.

Most travellers are at low risk. Travellers should avoid contact with untreated freshwater such as lakes, rivers, and ponds (e.g., swimming, bathing, wading, ingesting). There is no vaccine or medication available to prevent infection.

Cholera is a risk in parts of this country. Most travellers are at very low risk.

To protect against cholera, all travellers should practise safe food and water precautions .

Travellers at higher risk of getting cholera include those:

• visiting, working or living in areas with limited access to safe food, water and proper sanitation
• visiting areas where outbreaks are occurring

Vaccination may be recommended for high-risk travellers, and should be discussed with a health care professional.

Insect bite prevention

Many diseases are spread by the bites of infected insects such as mosquitoes, ticks, fleas or flies. When travelling to areas where infected insects may be present:

• Use insect repellent (bug spray) on exposed skin
• Cover up with light-coloured, loose clothes made of tightly woven materials such as nylon or polyester
• Minimize exposure to insects
• Use mosquito netting when sleeping outdoors or in buildings that are not fully enclosed

To learn more about how you can reduce your risk of infection and disease caused by bites, both at home and abroad, visit our insect bite prevention page.

Find out what types of insects are present where you’re travelling, when they’re most active, and the symptoms of the diseases they spread.

There is a risk of chikungunya in this country.  The risk may vary between regions of a country.  Chikungunya is a virus spread through the bite of an infected mosquito. Chikungunya can cause a viral disease that typically causes fever and pain in the joints. In some cases, the joint pain can be severe and last for months or years.

Protect yourself from mosquito bites at all times. There is no vaccine available for chikungunya.

• In this country, risk of  dengue  is sporadic. It is a viral disease spread to humans by mosquito bites.
• Dengue can cause flu-like symptoms. In some cases, it can lead to severe dengue, which can be fatal.
• The level of risk of dengue changes seasonally, and varies from year to year. The level of risk also varies between regions in a country and can depend on the elevation in the region.
• Mosquitoes carrying dengue typically bite during the daytime, particularly around sunrise and sunset.
• Protect yourself from mosquito bites . There is no vaccine or medication that protects against dengue fever.

Rift Valley fever is a viral disease that can cause severe flu-like symptoms. In some cases, it can be fatal. It is spread to humans through contact with infected animal blood or tissues, from the bite of an infected mosquito, or eating or drinking unpasteurized dairy. Risk is generally low for most travellers. Protect yourself from insect bites and avoid animals, particularly livestock, and unpasteurized dairy. There is no vaccine available for Rift Valley fever.

Animal precautions

Some infections, such as rabies and influenza, can be shared between humans and animals. Certain types of activities may increase your chance of contact with animals, such as travelling in rural or forested areas, camping, hiking, and visiting wet markets (places where live animals are slaughtered and sold) or caves.

Travellers are cautioned to avoid contact with animals, including dogs, livestock (pigs, cows), monkeys, snakes, rodents, birds, and bats, and to avoid eating undercooked wild game.

Closely supervise children, as they are more likely to come in contact with animals.

Person-to-person infections

Stay home if you’re sick and practise proper cough and sneeze etiquette , which includes coughing or sneezing into a tissue or the bend of your arm, not your hand. Reduce your risk of colds, the flu and other illnesses by:

•   washing your hands often
• avoiding or limiting the amount of time spent in closed spaces, crowded places, or at large-scale events (concerts, sporting events, rallies)
• avoiding close physical contact with people who may be showing symptoms of illness 

Sexually transmitted infections (STIs) , HIV , and mpox are spread through blood and bodily fluids; use condoms, practise safe sex, and limit your number of sexual partners. Check with your local public health authority pre-travel to determine your eligibility for mpox vaccine.  

Tuberculosis is an infection caused by bacteria and usually affects the lungs.

For most travellers the risk of tuberculosis is low.

Travellers who may be at high risk while travelling in regions with risk of tuberculosis should discuss pre- and post-travel options with a health care professional.

High-risk travellers include those visiting or working in prisons, refugee camps, homeless shelters, or hospitals, or travellers visiting friends and relatives.

HIV (Human Immunodeficiency Virus)   is a virus that attacks and impairs the immune system, resulting in a chronic, progressive illness known as AIDS (Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome). 

High risk activities include anything which puts you in contact with blood or body fluids, such as unprotected sex and exposure to unsterilized needles for medications or other substances (for example, steroids and drugs), tattooing, body-piercing or acupuncture.

Medical services and facilities

Medical facilities are relatively modern, particularly in the capital. Well-equipped facilities are rarely available in smaller towns.

Upfront payment is generally required, even if you have medical insurance.

Ensure that your insurance policy covers all the activities that you plan to undertake, particularly in the case of extreme sports.

Make sure you get travel insurance that includes coverage for medical evacuation and hospital stays.

Travel health and safety

Keep in Mind...

The decision to travel is the sole responsibility of the traveller. The traveller is also responsible for his or her own personal safety.

Be prepared. Do not expect medical services to be the same as in Canada. Pack a   travel health kit , especially if you will be travelling away from major city centres.

You must abide by local laws.

Learn about what you should do and how we can help if you are arrested or detained abroad .

Penalties for drug offences are severe and include lengthy prison sentences.

Drugs, alcohol and travel

Identification

Carry a copy of your passport at all times.

Diamonds and other protected resources should be purchased from licensed shops.

If you are convicted of illegally dealing in diamonds, you could face heavy fines and/or imprisonment. The purchase and export of other protected resources, such as elephant ivory, may be subject to restrictions.

Photography

Do not photograph military sites or government buildings. Ask permission before taking photographs.

You should dress conservatively.

2SLGBTQI+ travellers

Namibian law prohibits sexual acts between individuals of the same sex.

2SLGBTQI+ travellers should carefully consider the risks of travelling to Namibia.

Travel and your sexual orientation, gender identity, gender expression and sex characteristics

International Child Abduction

The Hague Convention on the Civil Aspects of International Child Abduction is an international treaty. It can help parents with the return of children who have been removed to or retained in certain countries in violation of custody rights. It does not apply between Canada and Namibia.

If your child was wrongfully taken to, or is being held in Namibia by an abducting parent:

• act as quickly as you can
• consult a lawyer in Canada and in Namibia to explore all the legal options for the return of your child
• report the situation to the nearest Canadian government office abroad or to the Vulnerable Children’s Consular Unit at Global Affairs Canada by calling the Emergency Watch and Response Centre.

If your child was removed from a country other than Canada, consult a lawyer to determine if The Hague Convention applies.

Be aware that Canadian consular officials cannot interfere in private legal matters or in another country’s judicial affairs.

• International Child Abduction: A Guidebook for Left-Behind Parents
• Travelling with children
• Canadian embassies and consulates by destination
• Emergency Watch and Response Centre

Traffic drives on the left.

You can use an original Canadian driver’s licence printed in English, but you should also carry a valid international driving permit.

If renting a car, pay particular attention to the insurance coverage provided. Ensure you have comprehensive insurance.

It is illegal to use a cellular telephone while driving or to drive under the influence of alcohol or drugs.

The use of a seatbelt is compulsory for the driver and all passengers.

A charge of culpable homicide can be made against a driver involved in an accident resulting in death.

International Driving Permit

The currency is the Namibian dollar (NAD). The South African rand (ZAR) is also accepted.

Major credit cards are accepted and most ATMs are linked to international networks.

The dry season extends from April to October, and the rainy season extends from November to March. Unpaved roads may become impassable during the rainy season. You should follow regional weather forecasts and plan accordingly.

Local services

Dial 264 (61) 10111 for emergency assistance.

Consular assistance

South Africa, Lesotho, Madagascar, Mauritius, Namibia

For emergency consular assistance, call the High Commission of Canada in South Africa, in Pretoria, and follow the instructions. At any time, you may also contact the Emergency Watch and Response Centre in Ottawa.

The decision to travel is your choice and you are responsible for your personal safety abroad. We take the safety and security of Canadians abroad very seriously and provide credible and timely information in our Travel Advice to enable you to make well-informed decisions regarding your travel abroad.

The content on this page is provided for information only. While we make every effort to give you correct information, it is provided on an "as is" basis without warranty of any kind, expressed or implied. The Government of Canada does not assume responsibility and will not be liable for any damages in connection to the information provided.

If you need consular assistance while abroad, we will make every effort to help you. However, there may be constraints that will limit the ability of the Government of Canada to provide services.

Learn more about consular services .

Risk Levels

  take normal security precautions.

Take similar precautions to those you would take in Canada.

  Exercise a high degree of caution

There are certain safety and security concerns or the situation could change quickly. Be very cautious at all times, monitor local media and follow the instructions of local authorities.

IMPORTANT: The two levels below are official Government of Canada Travel Advisories and are issued when the safety and security of Canadians travelling or living in the country or region may be at risk.

  Avoid non-essential travel

Your safety and security could be at risk. You should think about your need to travel to this country, territory or region based on family or business requirements, knowledge of or familiarity with the region, and other factors. If you are already there, think about whether you really need to be there. If you do not need to be there, you should think about leaving.

  Avoid all travel

You should not travel to this country, territory or region. Your personal safety and security are at great risk. If you are already there, you should think about leaving if it is safe to do so.

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Travel Vaccines and Advice for Namibia

Namibia’s sprawling, untouched landscapes teem with countless types of wildlife and animals. If anyone is looking to experience nature in truest form, then they don’t need to look much further than Namibia.

Etosha National Park is a popular destination in Namibia offering the chance to see and interact with wildlife. If travellers wish to see the city life instead, then they can head to Windhoek, the capital of Namibia. In the many buildings in this bustling city, traces of the colonial era are still evident through the architecture.

The variety in attractions and lifestyles makes Namibia the perfect destination for the tourist that wants to get the best of both wild- and city life in Africa.

Do I Need Vaccines for Namibia?

Yes, some vaccines are recommended or required for Namibia. The National Travel Health Network and Centre and WHO recommend the following vaccinations for Namibia: COVID-19 , hepatitis A , hepatitis B , typhoid , cholera , yellow fever , rabies and tetanus .

See the bullets below to learn more about some of these key immunisations:

• COVID-19 – Airborne – Recommended for all travellers
• Hepatitis A – Food & Water – Recommended for most travellers to the region, especially if unvaccinated.
• Hepatitis B – Blood & Body Fluids – Recommended for travellers to most regions.
• Tetanus – Wounds or Breaks in Skin – Recommended for travelers to most regions, especially if not previously vaccinated.
• Typhoid – Food & Water – Jab lasts 3 years. Oral vaccine lasts 5 years, must be able to swallow pills. Oral doses must be kept in refrigerator.
• Cholera – Food & Water – Recommended for travel to most regions.
• Yellow Fever – Mosquito – Required if travelling from a country with risk of yellow fever transmission.
• Rabies – Saliva of Infected Animals – High risk country. Vaccine recommended for long-stay travellers and those who may come in contact with animals.

See the tables below for more information:

Malaria , dengue and chikungunya are all present in Namibia. Take measure to protect yourself including using mosquito netting, insect repellents and taking antimalarials (if recommended for your itinerary).

African sleeping sickness has been found in Namibia. Though no cases have been reported in nearly a decade, there is still a risk. Use insect repellents and try to avoid tsetse flies when in regions where the insect is present.

See our vaccinations page to learn more about these infections and vaccines. Ready to protect yourself? Book your travel health appointment today by calling or schedule online now .

Do I Need a Visa or Passport for Namibia?

A visa is not required for travel to Namibia that last less than 90 days. But, there have been instances where travellers have been allowed to stay for far less than 90 days. Consider a visas to ensure a length of stay before arrival.

Passports must have at least six months validity for entry. Proof of yellow fever vaccination is required to enter the country. If you do not have proof of vaccination, you may be vaccinated on site, quarantined or returned to your previous location.

Sources: Embassy of Namibia and GOV.UK

What is the Climate Like in Namibia?

Namibia is one of the sunniest countries on the planet. The nation experiences about 300 days of sun each year. Humidity is often low, but the air can be quite dry. This sun and warmth is typical of most regions in Namibia, but the climate can differ slightly across the country. Here is what to expect in a few tourist destinations:

• Windhoek – In the capital city, the temperatures are more moderate. The typical high in January, the peak summer month in Namibia, is about 32, and the average low is 16 degrees Celsius. The temperatures in the winter months, July and June, are a bit cooler. There is usually no rainfall between June and September.
• Swakopmund – The coastal city of Swakopmund has a milder desert climate. The weather is more consistent and varies less than in areas such as Windhoek. The average temperatures in Swakopmund range from about 16 to 27. Rainfall is also light in this region.
• Etosha Pan – This region is a popular tourist destination, as it provides the opportunity for many ecotours and wildlife adventures. Again, rainfall in the Etosha region is as rare as it is in other areas in Namibia. In the summer, temperatures can hit around 35 degrees Celsius, and can go as low as 16. The dry winters range are more mild.

How Safe is Namibia?

There are varying levels and types of criminal activity in Namibia.

Banditry is prevalent along the Namibia-Angola border. Ensure you only pass through official border crossing areas and travel during the day. There are police checkpoints 9 mile outside of all major cities and motorways. Keep all travel and identification materials with you at all times.

Crimes of opportunity often occur in Namibia. The most prevalent incidents reported include hole-in-the-wall card skimming, purse snatching and pick-pocketing. More violent crimes, like rape and murder, have increased in the capital of Windhoek. Residential break-ins also occur.

To avoid risk of these crimes, dress conservatively, do not flaunt valuables and avoid walking alone and at night.

Adventuring With Animals in Namibia

Many tourists flock to Namibia to experience untouched, wild landscapes and animals. Ecotours are very popular among travellers. Hiking, swimming, camping and motoring through the wilderness are also choice adventures.

Encounters with wildlife can be dangerous, as animals can be unpredictable. Remember that the creatures you may meet are not domesticated, and are not guaranteed to be friendly. This fact remains true no matter how small or cute a creature may be. Many tourists want to touch or feed animals. But, this can provoke them and lead to potentially violent attacks.

Always bring enough water and supplies on every adventure you partake in.

What Should I Pack for Namibia?

In addition to all travel documents and medications recommended by a Passport Health Travel Medicine Specialist, here are some items to consider packing:

• Insect Repellent – Since malaria is at risk in Namibia, be sure to pack insect spray. Packing a repellent with at least 20%-30% DEET will keep mosquitoes at bay. You should also bring neutral colored clothing, as this does not attract insects as much as dark or bright clothes.
• Water Purifier – Not all running and tap water in Namibia is clean or filtered. Avoid drinking it or even brushing your teeth in it. A water purifier will make finding and drinking clean water easier.
• Warm Clothing – Depending on the time of year and region temperatures can be cold. The evenings also tend to cool down, meaning you may need to add some layers if you’re planning to go out after sundown. Packing a few jackets and warm trousers will ensure that you are covered.
• Batteries – It can be difficult to find batteries in Namibia. If you have any devices that rely on batteries, such as cameras, it may be wise to pack some extras. In a country this naturally beautiful, you wouldn’t want to miss out on any chance to take a quick snapshot.

Embassy of the United Kingdom in Namibia

If you are in Namibia and have an emergency (for example, been attacked, arrested or someone has died) contact the nearest consular services. Contact the embassy before arrival if you have additional questions on entry requirements, safety concerns or are in need of assistance.

British High Commission Windhoek 116 Robert Mugabe Ave, P.O. Box 22202 Windhoek Windhoek Namibia Telephone: +264 (61) 274800 Emergency Phone: +264 (61) 274800 Fax: +264 (61) 228895 Email: [email protected]

Ready to start your next journey? Ring us up at or book online now !

On This Page: Do I Need Vaccines for Namibia? Do I Need a Visa or Passport for Namibia? What is the Climate Like in Namibia? How Safe is Namibia? Adventuring With Animals in Namibia What Should I Pack To Namibia? Embassy of the United Kingdom in Namibia

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• Section 1 - Disease Patterns in Travelers
• Section 1 - Maps & Travel Medicine

Perspectives : Why Guidelines Differ

Cdc yellow book 2024.

Author(s): David Shlim

Numerous international, national, and professional organizations publish guidelines and recommendations for travelers; CDC’s Yellow Book is but one example. Travel health providers should be aware of these recommendations, even though they might not follow them in every instance. Through awareness, travel health providers can explain to their patients how their recommendations, and their patients’ choices, might be discrepant with what others recommend. It can be unsettling for patients to receive travel medicine advice, vaccines, or an antimalarial drug prescription from a provider, only to find that the advice and prescriptions are contradicted by what other professionals, friends, or destination-country nationals have to say. The skillful travel health provider will be able to help the traveler reconcile seemingly conflicting advice, and travelers will be reassured when providers explain why these differences exist.

How Guidelines are Created

In the United States, the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approves standards for how to use a vaccine or medication, including dosages, ages for which the product is approved, and booster recommendations. Guidance about when to use a product can come from a separate body (e.g., the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices [ACIP]). To give ACIP the best possible information on which to base their recommendations, working groups of experts hold meetings to review the literature and new studies.

International bodies (e.g., the World Health Organization [WHO]), national committees of other countries, and medical organizations (e.g., the International Society of Travel Medicine and the Infectious Diseases Society of America), also promote their own guidance. Other professional organizations might create consensus clinical practice guidelines based on published medical literature and expert opinion. Travel medicine–specific paid subscription services employ travel medicine experts to organize and present guidelines for health care providers who see international travelers in their practice but who might lack expertise in the subject. Guidance about vaccinations and malaria prophylaxis developed by these organizations and subscription services can differ from CDC advice. Reasons for this are varied and include differences in product availability, licensure standards, cultural perceptions of risk, and opinions among experts, as well as lack of definitive evidence.

Availability of Products

Travel health providers can only use the products available to them. Availability is determined by the regulatory approval status of the product and, to a lesser extent, the marketing and distribution plan of the manufacturer. Regulatory approval processes vary greatly by country. For example, registering a new vaccine or antimalarial drug in the United States is a costly and rigorous process. If the market in a particular country is insufficient to justify the expense of registration, a commercial company might not seek it.

Licensure Standards

Licensure standards also vary. What might be sufficient for one regulatory authority might not suffice for another. For example, primaquine, an option for malaria prophylaxis in the United States, is not registered or commercially available in Switzerland. Atovaquone-proguanil also was available for malaria prophylaxis in the United States before many other countries. In another example, 4 Japanese encephalitis vaccines are available in the world, but only 1 is licensed in the United States.

Differences in Data Interpretation

Even when the same products are available, recommendations for use might not be the same in all countries. The injectable Ty21a typhoid vaccine and the oral typhoid vaccine are examples. In the United States, a booster of the injectable Ty21a vaccine is recommended after 2 years, but in most European countries, a booster is recommended after 3 years. In the United States, health providers dispense a packet of 4 oral typhoid vaccine capsules, whereas in Europe, 3 doses are considered adequate. The regulatory agencies might have reviewed the same data and drawn different conclusions, or they might have reviewed different data at separate times. Regulatory submissions to various agencies rarely occur at the same time. Therefore, for legitimate reasons, the data available for review by each agency might not be the same.

Perception of Risk

People from varying backgrounds can view the same risk data and come to very different conclusions regarding the costs and benefits of minimizing risk to what they consider to be an acceptable level. For example, recommendations to prevent malaria during travel to India vary widely. Germany does not recommend using malaria prophylaxis for any travel to an Indian destination; standby emergency treatment or self-treatment are the only recommendations for identified risk destinations. Guidelines from the United Kingdom recommend only awareness and mosquito bite prevention for more than half the Indian subcontinent, including large cities and popular tourist destinations in the north and south, but suggest prophylaxis consideration for some travelers or for those visiting higher-risk areas. By contrast, CDC recommends malaria prophylaxis for all travelers to any Indian destination, except for some mountainous areas of northern states.

The Impact of Advice

The real question is not just which recommendations each country should adopt, but the possible impact of that advice. Because we do not usually have detailed data on the exact risk to travelers for different vaccine-preventable diseases at a given destination, immunization guidance and recommendations often are based on serologic studies or on the original studies, most often performed in local people, that led to licensing. For example, as noted above, most European countries recommend a booster for the injectable Ty21a typhoid vaccine after 3 years, whereas the United States recommends a booster at 2 years. This difference is based on the perception of falling antibody levels over time, and a decision about where the line of protection against disease falls. Both standards have been in effect for many years, but no current available evidence would lead someone to conclude that one regimen has had a different impact than the other.

An extensive literature review, conducted by the Canadian Committee to Advise on Travel Medicine and Travel, led the committee to limit the recommendation of typhoid vaccine for travelers to South Asia only. This recommendation has not been adopted by CDC or many other international advisory boards. Despite this, we have little evidence that Canadian travelers are experiencing more typhoid fever than their counterparts from other countries.

Similar conclusions can be drawn for malaria prophylaxis recommendations. If the guidance provided by one group or organization consistently resulted in more cases of malaria than another, the guidance likely would change. In the absence of that data, however, health professionals continue to use their best judgment, without much knowledge of the true impact of their advice.

Can We Harmonize Guidelines?

The complex nature of how health organizations obtain, evaluate, and verify data, combined with fundamental differences in risk perception, makes it likely that multiple, overlapping, and at times conflicting guidelines will continue to exist. However, conflicting guidelines have decreased in the past decade due to the efforts of several organizations. A recent example has been the collaboration among the WHO, US CDC, and the European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control to develop consistency and clarity in defining travel-associated risk for Zika infection so that providers can more clearly relay that information, particularly to those who are pregnant or planning pregnancy. In addition, more rapid and frequent communication via the internet and regularly held international conferences have narrowed the gaps between conflicting advice.

In summary, the role of the travel health provider is to understand the differences in guidelines, interpret this information, and convey tailored and informed advice in an assured and comforting manner to travelers. There are no absolute right or wrong answers for many existing travel health guidelines. Even with all the data available, recommendations often are based on expert opinion, which can vary.

The following authors contributed to the previous version of this chapter: David R. Shlim

Bibliography

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP). Atlanta: The Centers; 2021. Available from: www.cdc.gov/vaccines/acip .

Chiodini P, Patel D, Goodyer L, Ranson H. on behalf of the PHE ACMP. Guidelines for malaria prevention in travellers from the UK 2021. London (UK): Public Health England. Available from: https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/1002275/Guidelines_for_malaria_prevention_in_travellers_from_the_UK_2021-1.pdf .

Committee to Advise on Tropical Medicine and Travel (CATMAT). Canadian recommendations for the prevention and treatment of malaria. Ottawa (CA): Public Health Agency of Canada; 2021. Available from: http://Canada.ca/en/public-health/services/catmat.html .

German Society for Tropical Medicine and International Health Association (DTG). [Recommendations for the prophylaxis and treatment of malaria of DTG 2018]; 2018. Available from: www.dtg.org .

Hill DR, Ericsson CD, Pearson RD, Keystone JS, Freedman DO, Kozarsky PE, et al. The practice of travel medicine: guidelines by the Infectious Diseases Society of America. Clin Infect Dis. 2006;43(12):1499–539.

Mace KE, Lucchi NW, Tan KR. Malaria surveillance—United States, 2017. MMWR Surveill Summ. 2021;70(2);1–35.

World Health Organization. International health regulations (2005). Geneva: The Organization; 2005. Available from: www.who.int/health-topics/international-health-regulations#tab=tab_1 .

World Health Organization. International travel and health. Geneva: The Organization; 2012. Available from: www.who.int/publications/i/item/9789241580472 .

. . . perspectives chapters supplement the clinical guidance in this book with additional content, context, and expert opinion. The views expressed do not necessarily represent the official position of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC).

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